Advances in triterpenoid research, 1990–1994
TL;DR: A compilation of the triterpenoids isolated during the period 1990-1994 along with their occurrence, physical data, spectroscopy and X-ray analysis used for their characterization, is included.
About: This article is published in Phytochemistry.The article was published on 1997-04-01. It has received 184 citations till now.
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TL;DR: The second edition of The Biomarker Guide as mentioned in this paper provides a comprehensive account of the role that biomarker technology plays both in petroleum exploration and in understanding Earth history and processes.
Abstract: The second edition of The Biomarker Guide is a fully updated and expanded version of this essential reference. Now in two volumes, it provides a comprehensive account of the role that biomarker technology plays both in petroleum exploration and in understanding Earth history and processes. Biomarkers and Isotopes in the Environment and Human History details the origins of biomarkers and introduces basic chemical principles relevant to their study. It discusses analytical techniques, and applications of biomarkers to environmental and archaeological problems. The Biomarker Guide is an invaluable resource for geologists, petroleum geochemists, biogeochemists, environmental scientists and archaeologists.
2,163 citations
TL;DR: The oleanane skeleton was the most common skeleton and is present in most orders of the plant kingdom, and the relationship between the type of skeleton and the plant origin was investigated.
592 citations
Cites background from "Advances in triterpenoid research, ..."
...…over the last two decades, focussing on biosynthesis, isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activities of saponins (Kulshreshtha et al., 1972; Mahato et al., 1988, 1992a; Mahato and Nandy, 1991a; Mahato and Sen, 1997; Tan et al., 1999; Connolly and Hill, 2000; Sparg et al., 2004)....
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TL;DR: The results of the phytochemical analysis of these medicinal plants showed that the terpenoids, phlobatannins, reducing sugar, flavonoids and alkaloids were found to be present in afore mentioned medicinal plants.
Abstract: Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds which are used for curing of various human diseases and also play an important role in healing. Phytochemicals have two categories i.e., primary and secondary constituents. Primary constituents have chlorophyll, proteins sugar and amino acids. Secondary constituents contain terpenoids and alkaloids. Medicinal plants have antifungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammation activities. The present study involves ten different medicinal plants Acacia nilotica, Psidium gujauva, Luffa cylindrical, Morus alba, Morus nigra, Momordica charantia, Fagonia cretica, Punica granatum, Ficus palmate and Prunus persica locally available in Mardan region of Pakistan. The leaves of the selected medicinal plants were washed, air dried and then powdered. The aqueous extract of leaf samples were used for the phytochemical analysis to find out the phytochemical constituents in the plants. The main objective of the research work was to check the presence or absence of the phytochemical constituents in all the selected medicinal plants. The results of the phytochemical analysis of these medicinal plants showed that the terpenoids, phlobatannins, reducing sugar, flavonoids and alkaloids were found to be present in afore mentioned medicinal plants. The phytochemical analysis of the plants is very important commercially and has great interest in pharmaceutical companies for the production of the new drugs for curing of various diseases. It is expected that the important phytochemical properties recognized by our study in the indigenous medicinal plants of Mardan will be very useful in the curing of various diseases of this region.
289 citations
Cites background from "Advances in triterpenoid research, ..."
...Terpenoids are reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-malarial, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and anti-bacterial [3]....
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..., anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-malarial, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, anti-viral and anti-bacterial activities [3]....
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TL;DR: The in vivo evidence, mechanistic studies, and clinical significance of pentacyclic triterpenes as multi-target therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of metabolic and vascular diseases are covered.
223 citations
TL;DR: The many structural variants of hopanoids indicate that they may have other interesting but as yet unknown functions, including membrane components involved in regulating membrane fluidity and stability.
Abstract: Hopanoids are pentacyclic triterpenoid lipids occurring in bacteria. They are synthesized from isopentenyl units which are formed in a new biosynthetic route leading to isopentenyl diphosphate. Six C5 units are joined to form squalene, the immediate precursor in hopanoid synthesis. In a highly complex cyclization reaction that shares considerable similarities with that of oxidosqualene to sterols, the hopane skeleton is formed from squalene by the squalene-hopene cyclase. Recent elucidation of the X-ray structure of this membrane-bound cyclase has shed some light on the properties of this unusual enzyme. The active site is located in a cavity within the enzyme. The squalene substrate diffuses through a channel structure from the membrane into this cavity and is there transformed into hopene. Polar side chains are attached to hopene resulting in the amphiphilic molecular structure of many hopanoids. These hopanoids are membrane components involved in regulating membrane fluidity and stability. However, the many structural variants of hopanoids indicate that they may have other interesting but as yet unknown functions.
221 citations
References
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01 Jun 1972
TL;DR: The chemistry and biology of Rocaglamides and related derivatives from Aglaia species (Meliacease) are discussed in detail in a recent paper by.
Abstract: S. S. Ebada, N. Lajkiewicz, J. A. Porco Jr., M. Lin-Weber, and P. Proksch: Chemistry and biology of Rocaglamides (=Flavaglines) and related derivatives from Aglaia species (Meliacease). - M. A. R. C. Bulusu, K. Baumann, and A. Stuetz: Chemistry of the immunomodulatory macrolides ascomycin and related analogues. - R. I. Misico, V. Nicotra, J. C. Oberti, G. Barboza, R. R. Gil, and G. Burton: Withanolides and related steroids.
2,115 citations
1,730 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple method that alleviates the dynamic range problem and that facilitates the suppression of signals from protons that are not coupled to the lowy nucleus is described, where the low-y nucleus was assumed to be 13C.
1,316 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the two-dimensional Fourier transform was applied to a sample of 9-hydroxytricyclodecan-2,5-dione.
1,203 citations