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Affirming Diversity: The Sociopolitical Context of Multicultural Education

01 Dec 1991-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors set the stage for Multicultural education within a socopolitical context by developing a conceptual framework for multicultural education and developing a conceptual framework for multicultural education.
Abstract: Introduction Part One - Setting the Stage: Multicultural Education within a Sociopolitical Context 1 Understanding the Sociopolitical Context of Multicultural Education 2 About Terminology 3 Multicultural Education and School Reform Part Two - Developing a Conceptual Framework for Multicultural Education 4 Racism, Discrimination, and Expectations of Students' Achievement Chapter 4 Case Studies: Linda Howard, Rashaud Kates, Vanessa Mattison 5 Structural and Organizational Issues in Schools Chapter 5 Case Studies: Avi Abramson, Fern Sherman 6 Culture, Identity, and Learning Chapter 6 Case Studies: Yahaira Leon, James Karam, Hoang Vinh, Rebecca Florentina 7 Linguistic Diversity in U.S. Classrooms Chapter 7 Case Studies: Manuel Gomes, Alicia Montejo 8 Toward an Understanding of School Achievement Chapter 8 Case Studies: Paul Chavez, Latrell Elton Part Three - Implications of Diversity for Teaching and Learning in a Multicultural Society 9 Learning From Students Chapter 9 Case Studies: Nadia Bara, Savoun Nouch, Christina Kamau 10 Adapting the Curriculum for Multicultural Classrooms 11 Affirming Diversity: Implications for Teachers, Schools, and Families
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a vision of culturally responsive teacher educators is presented, which can serve as the starting point for conversations among teacher educators in the process of teacher education to move beyond the fragmented and superficial treatment of diversity.
Abstract: To successfully move the field of teacher education beyond the fragmented and superficial treatment of diversity that currently prevails, teacher educators must articulate a vision of teaching and learning in a diverse society and use that vision to systematically guide the infusion of multicultural issues throughout the preservice curriculum. A vision is offered of culturally responsive teachers that can serve as the starting point for conversations among teacher educators in this process. In this vision, culturally responsive teachers (a) are socioculturally conscious, (b) have affirming views of students from diverse backgrounds, (c) see themselves as responsible for and capable of bringing about change to make schools more equitable, (d) understand how learners construct knowledge and are capable of promoting knowledge construction, (e) know about the lives of their students, and (f) design instruction that builds on what their students already know while stretching them beyond the familiar.

1,527 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors explored three commonly offered hypotheses for disproportionate discipline based on gender, race, and socioeconomic status, and found that there appeared to be a differential pattern of treatment, originating at the classroom level, wherein African-American students are referred to the office for infractions that are more subjective in interpretation.
Abstract: The disproportionate discipline of African-American students has been extensively documented; yet the reasons for those disparities are less well understood. Drawing upon one year of middle-school disciplinary data for an urban school district, we explored three of the most commonly offered hypotheses for disproportionate discipline based on gender, race, and socioeconomic status. Racial and gender disparities in office referrals, suspensions, and expulsions were somewhat more robust than socioeconomic differences. Both racial and gender differences remained when controlling for socioeconomic status. Finally, although evidence emerged that boys engage more frequently in a broad range of disruptive behavior, there were no similar findings for race. Rather, there appeared to be a differential pattern of treatment, originating at the classroom level, wherein African-American students are referred to the office for infractions that are more subjective in interpretation. Implications for teacher training and structural reform are explored.

1,432 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare and contrast the experiences of Chicana/Chicano students through a Eurocentric and a critical raced-gendered epistemological perspective and demonstrate that each perspective holds vastly different views of what counts as knowledge, specifically regarding language, culture, and commitment to communities.
Abstract: For too long, the histories, experiences, cultures, and languages of students of color have been devalued, misinterpreted, or omitted within formal educational settings. In this article, the author uses critical race theory (CRT) and Latina/Latino critical theory (LatCrit) to demonstrate how critical raced-gendered epistemologies recognize students of color as holders and creators of knowledge. In doing so, she discusses how CRT and LatCrit provide an appropriate lens for qualitative research in the field of education. She then compares and contrasts the experiences of Chicana/Chicano students through a Eurocentric and a critical raced-gendered epistemological perspective and demonstrates that each perspective holds vastly different views of what counts as knowledge, specifically regarding language, culture, and commitment to communities. She then offers implications of critical raced-gendered epistemologies for both research and practice and concludes by discussing some of the critiques of the use of the...

1,285 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Paris and Alim as discussed by the authors argue that CSP seeks to perpetuate and foster linguistic, literate, and cultural pluralism as part of the democratic project of schooling and as a needed response to demographic and social change.
Abstract: In this article, Django Paris and H. Samy Alim use the emergence of Paris's concept of culturally sustaining pedagogy (CSP) as the foundation for a respectful and productive critique of previous formulations of asset pedagogies. Paying particular attention to asset pedagogy's failures to remain dynamic and critical in a constantly evolving global world, they offer a vision that builds on the crucial work of the past toward a CSP that keeps pace with the changing lives and practices of youth of color. The authors argue that CSP seeks to perpetuate and foster linguistic, literate, and cultural pluralism as part of the democratic project of schooling and as a needed response to demographic and social change. Building from their critique, Paris and Alim suggest that CSP's two most important tenets are a focus on the plural and evolving nature of youth identity and cultural practices and a commitment to embracing youth culture's counterhegemonic potential while maintaining a clear-eyed critique of the ways in ...

1,064 citations