Age-associated changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular function in middle-aged and older men are modified by weight change and lifestyle factors: longitudinal results from the European Male Ageing Study
Elizabeth Camacho,Ilpo Huhtaniemi,Terence W O'Neill,J. D. Finn,Stephen R Pye,David Lee,Abdelouahid Tajar,G Bartfai,Steven Boonen,Felipe F. Casanueva,Gianni Forti,Aleksander Giwercman,Thang S. Han,Krzysztof Kula,Brian G. Keevil,Michael E. J. Lean,Neil Pendleton,M Punab,Dirk Vanderschueren,Frederick C. W. Wu +19 more
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Weight management appears to be important in maintaining circulating testosterone in ageing men, and obesity-associated changes in HPT axis hormones are reversible following weight reduction, according to a longitudinal survey of community-dwelling men.Abstract:
Objective: Health and lifestyle factors are associated with variations in serum testosterone levels in ageing men. However, it remains unclear how age-related changes in testosterone may be attenuated by lifestyle modifications. The objective was to investigate the longitudinal relationships between changes in health and lifestyle factors with changes in hormones of the reproductive endocrine axis in ageing men. Design: A longitudinal survey of 2736 community-dwelling men aged 40-79 years at baseline recruited from eight centres across Europe. Follow-up assessment occurred mean (+/- S.D.) 4.4 +/- 0.3 years later. Results: Paired testosterone results were available for 2395 men. Mean (+/- S.D.) annualised hormone changes were as follows: testosterone -0.1 +/- 0.95 nmol/l; free testosterone (FT) -3.83 +/- 16.8 pmol/l; sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) 0.56 +/- 2.5 nmol/l and LH 0.08 +/- 0.57 U/l. Weight loss was associated with a proportional increase, and weight gain a proportional decrease, in testosterone and SHBG. FT showed a curvilinear relationship to weight change; only those who gained or lost >= 15% of weight showed a significant change (in the same direction as testosterone). Smoking cessation was associated with a greater decline in testosterone than being a non-smoker, which was unrelated to weight change. Changes in number of comorbid conditions or physical activity were not associated with significant alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis function. Conclusions: Body weight and lifestyle factors influence HPT axis function in ageing. Weight loss was associated with a rise, and weight gain a fall, in testosterone, FT and SHBG. Weight management appears to be important in maintaining circulating testosterone in ageing men, and obesity-associated changes in HPT axis hormones are reversible following weight reduction. European Journal of Endocrinology 168 445-455 (Less)read more
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References
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A Critical Evaluation of Simple Methods for the Estimation of Free Testosterone in Serum
TL;DR: The FT value, obtained by calculation from T and SHBG as determined by immunoassay, appears to be a rapid, simple, and reliable index of bioavailable T, comparable to AFTC and suitable for clinical routine, except in pregnancy.
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Age Trends in the Level of Serum Testosterone and Other Hormones in Middle-Aged Men: Longitudinal Results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study
Henry A. Feldman,Christopher Longcope,Carol A. Derby,Catherine B. Johannes,Andre B. Araujo,Andrea D. Coviello,William J. Bremner,John B. McKinlay +7 more
TL;DR: The paradoxical finding that longitudinal age trends were steeper than cross-sectional trends suggests that incident poor health may accelerate the age-related decline in androgen levels.
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