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Journal ArticleDOI

Agricultural Modernisation in Rural Orissa: Land Transfer and Ownership Pattern:

01 Mar 2000-Sociological bulletin (SAGE PublicationsSage India: New Delhi, India)-Vol. 49, Iss: 1, pp 63-90
TL;DR: In this paper, an examen des changements agraires a l'oeuvre dans l'Etat indien d'Orissa montre une tendance a la polarisation de la structure fonciere, i.e., les mesures de modernisation profitent aux proprietaires les plus riches, qui consolident la valorisation de leurs terres, elles poussent les plus pauvres a vendre des terres qui n'assurent plus la securite economique.
Abstract: Un examen des changements agraires a l'oeuvre dans l'Etat indien d'Orissa montre une tendance a la polarisation de la structure fonciere. Tandis que les mesures de modernisation profitent aux proprietaires les plus riches, qui consolident la valorisation de leurs terres, elles poussent les plus pauvres a vendre des terres qui n'assurent plus la securite economique. Il ne s'agit pas d'un mecanisme de libre concurrence, car il est lourdement biaise par les structures de pouvoir des villages, influences directement par la segregation dans l'acces au credit et aux services gouvernementaux, ainsi que par le monopole exerce par les elites villageoises sur l'organe juridique local, le panch
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated suicides in Amravati and Yavatmal districts, Maharashtra, in relation to Durkheimian theory, which attributes such acts to an historically specific combination of social and economic causes.
Abstract: Findings presented here about farmer suicides in Amravati and Yavatmal districts, Maharashtra, are evaluated in relation to Durkheimian theory, which attributes such acts to an historically specific combination of social and economic causes. Lower and middle caste peasant smallholders found themselves trapped between enhanced aspirations generated by land reform and other post-1947 measures, and the reality of neoliberalism (rising debt, declining income). Suicides among large and medium farmers belonging to the higher castes in Maharashtra were occasioned by failures in business, trade and politics. Such cases are consistent with the argument put forward by Durkheim, that suicide is an effect of individualization, a process of socio-economic ‘estrangement’ from agrarian communities experienced by rural producers in the context of rapid economic growth.

116 citations


Cites background from "Agricultural Modernisation in Rural..."

  • ...Cooperative officials pointed out that rich farmers frequently default on loans, a problem that is encountered not just in Maharashtra but also in other parts of India [Dhanagare, 1975; Sarap, 1991; Mohanty, 1999, 2000]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the rural socio-cultural scenario was at the crossroads in the 1960s with the introduction of the new agricultural revolution, popularly known as the Green Revolution.
Abstract: India's rural socio-cultural scenario was at the crossroads in the 1960s with the introduction of the new agricultural revolution, popularly known as the Green Revolution. One of the protracted deb...

6 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the impact of modemization patterns in the agrarian economy of the rural setting and pin-pointed how mechanization in agricultural activities bring prosperity to the region so far as the nature of land and the life of the people are concerned.
Abstract: The paper examines the impact of modemization patterns in the agrarian economy of the rural setting. In course of presenting his observations in relation to the various technological and allied developmental activities in a particular village of Orissa the author has pin-pointed how mechanization in agricultural activities bring prosperity to the region so far as the nature of land and the life of the people are concerned. But at the same time there are contrary effect. The small and poor peasants have failed to cope with the new development-the new situation has become incompatible to them due to certain obvious reasons. The rich and progressive people are availing themselves of the better opportunities and they are drawing conspicuous benefit whereas the poor peasants have been facing economic insecurity which is on the increase with the march of time.

2 citations

References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a framework for analysing measurement error in the Indian census is presented based on the results of a survey of 1981 Census enumerators, which is focused on the primary demographic data collected using two individual (universal and sample) forms.
Abstract: In this paper a framework for analysing measurement error [in the Indian census] is presented. Based on the framework the results of a survey of 1981 Census enumerators are discussed. This exploratory survey is focused on the primary demographic data collected in the census using two individual (universal and sample) forms. While some errors are committed by enumerators other errors occur independent of enumerator characteristics. (EXCERPT)

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a revision of the popular notions about the change of the old aristocracy and the persons who replaced them, i.e., persons who made fortunes by participating in various ways in the new economy.
Abstract: community, and its composition inevitably changed over the years. Recent researches, however, call for a revision of the popular notions about the change. According to the popular version, two broad developments occurred : first, the old aristocracy had everywhere been largely eliminated and, secondly, the persons who replaced them were mostly connected with the new trade and commerce, i.e. persons who made fortunes by participating in various ways in the new economy.

4 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Laxminarayan and Tyagi as mentioned in this paper examined some aspects of size-distribution of holdings and made an attempt to compare the estimates of the Agricultural Census and the NSS, but their analysis was largely confined to interstate variations in the size of holdings.
Abstract: Agricultural Holdings H Laxminarayan S S Tyagi An attempt has been made in this paper to examine some aspects of size-distribution of holdings. The analysis is largely confined to inter-state variations in the size of holdings and changes in the size- distribution of holdings. An attempt has also been made to compare the estimates of the Agricultural Census and the NSS.

3 citations


"Agricultural Modernisation in Rural..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Laxmi Narayan, H. and S.S. Tyagi....

    [...]

  • ...It is pointed out by many studies that in Agricultural Censuses there is a possibility of over-enumeration of small holdings, overemphasis on the phenomenon of joint operations and under- recording of tenancy (Sanyal 1976; Laxmi Narayan and Tyagi 1976; Rajasekaran 1998)....

    [...]

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the impact of modemization patterns in the agrarian economy of the rural setting and pin-pointed how mechanization in agricultural activities bring prosperity to the region so far as the nature of land and the life of the people are concerned.
Abstract: The paper examines the impact of modemization patterns in the agrarian economy of the rural setting. In course of presenting his observations in relation to the various technological and allied developmental activities in a particular village of Orissa the author has pin-pointed how mechanization in agricultural activities bring prosperity to the region so far as the nature of land and the life of the people are concerned. But at the same time there are contrary effect. The small and poor peasants have failed to cope with the new development-the new situation has become incompatible to them due to certain obvious reasons. The rich and progressive people are availing themselves of the better opportunities and they are drawing conspicuous benefit whereas the poor peasants have been facing economic insecurity which is on the increase with the march of time.

2 citations