Albatross and Falcon inspired Bionic UAV: An Aerodynamic Analysis
01 Jan 2021-International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace (Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University/Hunt Library)-Vol. 8, Iss: 3, pp 1
About: This article is published in International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace.The article was published on 2021-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 5 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Albatross & Wingtip vortices.
Citations
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01 May 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the aerodynamic interference effects on tiltrotor performance in cruise were investigated using comprehensive calculations, to better understand the physics and to quantify the effects on the aircraft design.
Abstract: Abstract : The aerodynamic interference effects on tiltrotor performance in cruise are investigated using comprehensive calculations, to better understand the physics and to quantify the effects on the aircraft design. Performance calculations were conducted for 146,600-lb conventional and quad tiltrotors, which are to cruise at 300 knots at 4000 ft/95 deg F condition. A parametric study was conducted to understand the effects of design parameters on the performance of the aircraft. Aerodynamic interference improves the aircraft lift-to-drag ratio of the baseline conventional tiltrotor. However, interference degrades the aircraft performance of the baseline quad tiltrotor, due mostly to the unfavorable effects from the front wing to the rear wing. A reduction of rotor tip speed increased the aircraft lift-to-drag ratio the most among the design parameters investigated.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors derived the application of bionic technology and the integration of green energy innovation through systematic innovation theory, designing the operation of UAVs using this research method.
Abstract: This study aims to improve the two major problems faced by UAVs, short battery life and difficulty detecting hovering, respectively. For the problems mentioned above, this study derives the application of bionic technology and the integration of green energy innovation through systematic innovation theory, designing the operation of UAVs using this research method. The scope includes research on bionic technology, systematic innovation, innovation of unmanned aerial vehicles, and conduct fluid analysis for the output results, watching to confirm the hovering state, and analyzing the battery life to ensure the improvement of power supply, the output, and verification of this research can significantly improve the future development and application of UAVs.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a winglet design inspired by birds with slotted wings is presented to improve the maneuverability and aerodynamic characteristics of a bionic UAV with better endurance and roll control.
Abstract: The work concerned represents a winglet design inspired by birds with slotted wings. Slotted wings are known to exhibit optimum characteristics in terms of reducing the generation of vortices, enhancing roll stability, countering induced drag, and enhancing lift and stall characteristics. Light is shed on these parameters while designing the model. Key aerodynamic parameters are also highlighted. The model is further simulated to obtain the change in the characteristics of multiple aerodynamic parameters, concerned with wingtips and winglets. The main area of concern is the reduction in the values of drag, specifically the induced drag, as it is a major contributing factor in a subsonic aircraft’s overall drag generation. The work included in this paper is a study on an albatross wing to improve its maneuverability and its aerodynamic characteristics so that it can be used in a bionic UAV with better endurance and roll control. These slots can later be made to actuate at different angles. This study acts as a base for further research.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigate various types of assaults and different types of security mechanisms that might be applied based on the network's needs and architecture to defend against network security threats.
Abstract: - Security is an important aspect of computing and networking technology. The first and most important aspect of any network design, planning, construction, and operation is the significance of a solid security strategy. Network security is becoming increasingly critical to personal computer users, businesses, and the military. With the introduction of the internet, security has become a big problem. Many security threats were made possible by the internet's structure. Because of the ease with which intellectual property can be obtained via the internet, network security is becoming increasingly important. When an attack is sent via a network, it can take several forms. Knowing the attack mechanisms enables adequate security to evolve. Many businesses protect themselves from the internet by using of Firewalls and encryption methods are examples of security measures. On global networking infrastructures, there is a vast number of personal, commercial, military, and government information, all of which necessitates different security procedures. In this research, we attempt to investigate numerous types of assaults as well as various types of security mechanisms that might be applied based on the network's needs and architecture.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a series of aerodynamic shape optimization studies using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics with a Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is performed.
Abstract: The blended wing body is an aircraft configuration that has the potential to be more efficient than conventional large transport aircraft configurations with the same capability. However, the design of the blended wing is challenging due to the tight coupling between aerodynamic performance, trim, and stability. Other design challenges include the nature and number of the design variables involved, and the transonic flow conditions. To address these issues, a series of aerodynamic shape optimization studies using Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes computational fluid dynamics with a Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model is performed. A gradient-based optimization algorithm is used in conjunction with a discrete adjoint method that computes the derivatives of the aerodynamic forces. A total of 273 design variables—twist, airfoil shape, sweep, chord, and span—are considered. The drag coefficient at the cruise condition is minimized subject to lift, trim, static margin, and center plane bending moment constraints. ...
202 citations
TL;DR: A reduction of rotor tip speed increased the aircraft lift-to-drag ratio the most among the design parameters investigated, and interference degrades the aircraft performance of the baseline quad tiltrotor.
Abstract: : The aerodynamic interference effects on tiltrotor performance in cruise are investigated using comprehensive calculations, to better understand the physics and to quantify the effects on the aircraft design. Performance calculations were conducted for 146,600-lb conventional and quad tiltrotors, which are to cruise at 300 knots at 4000 ft/95 deg F condition. A parametric study was conducted to understand the effects of design parameters on the performance of the aircraft. Aerodynamic interference improves the aircraft lift-to-drag ratio of the baseline conventional tiltrotor. However, interference degrades the aircraft performance of the baseline quad tiltrotor, due mostly to the unfavorable effects from the front wing to the rear wing. A reduction of rotor tip speed increased the aircraft lift-to-drag ratio the most among the design parameters investigated.
56 citations
"Albatross and Falcon inspired Bioni..." refers methods in this paper
...An efficient combination (Yeo & Johnson, 2009) of vertical takeoff and landing with a cruise flight having higher speed values can be achieved using a tilt rotor design....
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TL;DR: Improved designs of the drones are led by applying the inspired colors which can help drones increase their endurance by investigating the thermal impact of the birds' color on their flight performance.
Abstract: The thermal impact of the birds’ color on their flight performance are investigated. In most of the large migrating birds, the top of their wings is black. Considering this natural phenomenon in the migrating birds, such as albatross, a thermal analysis of the boundary layer of their wings is performed during the year depending on the solar insulation. It is shown that the temperature difference between the bright and dark colored top wing surface is around 10 °C. The dark color on the top of the wing increases the temperature of the boundary layer over the wing which consequently reduces the skin drag force over the wing. This reduction in the drag force can be considered as one of the effective factors for long endurance of these migrating birds. This research should lead to improved designs of the drones by applying the inspired colors which can help drones increase their endurance.
51 citations
"Albatross and Falcon inspired Bioni..." refers background in this paper
...Solving the values of drag (Hassanalian et al., 2017b) with Blasius solution for heated boundary layer gave a difference in the rates of heat absorption by the darker and Published by Scholarly Commons, 2021 lighter wing regions....
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...The inherent evolutionary wing colours (Hassanalian et al., 2017a) of an albatross is one of the main reasons behind the higher values of endurance exhibited by the bird....
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TL;DR: Results show that albatrosses with darker colored wings are more efficient and have better endurance due to this drag reduction and the thermal effect is found to be more important during the summer than during the winter due to the higher values of solar irradiation.
Abstract: Drag reduction of the wings of migrating birds is crucial to their flight efficiency. Wing color impacts absorption of solar irradiation which may affect drag but there is little known in this area. To this end, the drag reduction induced by the thermal effect of the wing color of migrating birds with unpowered flight modes is presented in this study. Considering this natural phenomenon in the albatross as an example of migrating birds, and applying an energy balance for this biological system, a thermal analysis is performed on the wings during the summer and winter to obtain different ranges of air density, viscosity, and wing surface temperature brought about from a range of ambient temperatures and climatic conditions seen in different seasons and to study their effects. The exact shape of the albatross wing is used and nine different wing colors are considered in order to gain a better understanding of the effect different colors' absorptivities make on the change in aerodynamic performances. The thermal effect is found to be more important during the summer than during the winter due to the higher values of solar irradiation and a maximum drag reduction of 7.8% is found in summer changing the wing color from light white to dark black. The obtained results show that albatrosses with darker colored wings are more efficient (constant lift to drag ratio and drag reduction) and have better endurance due to this drag reduction.
43 citations
"Albatross and Falcon inspired Bioni..." refers background in this paper
...Wings with black upper and white lower surface (Hassanalian et al., 2018b) or both surfaces in black showed higher values of drag reduction than wings with white upper and black lower surface or both surfaces in white colour....
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...Varying temperature on both surfaces (Hassanalian et al., 2018a) is due to different rates at which heat is being absorbed by both the upper and the lower surface....
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TL;DR: The thermal effects of wing color in flight is investigated in four species of birds with respect to their flight routes, migration time, and geometric and behavioral characteristics and it is shown that the color configuration of these migrating birds results in a skin drag reduction, if compared to some other configurations, when both day and night are taken into consideration.
Abstract: The thermal effects of wing color in flight is investigated in four species of birds with respect to their flight routes, migration time, and geometric and behavioral characteristics. Considering the marine and atmospheric characteristics of these flight routes, a thermal analysis of the birds’ wings is performed during their migration. The surrounding fluxes including the ocean flux and the solar irradiance are considered in an energy balance in order to determine the skin temperature of both sides of the wing. Applying the Blasius solution for heated boundary layers, it is shown that the color configuration of these migrating birds, namely black on the top side of the wings and white on the bottom side of the wings (“countershading”), results in a skin drag reduction, if compared to some other configurations, when both day and night are taken into consideration. This drag reduction can be considered as one of the effective factors for long endurance of these migrating birds. This research can provide the evolutionary perspective behind the colorization of these migrating birds.
42 citations
"Albatross and Falcon inspired Bioni..." refers background in this paper
...Wings with black upper and white lower surface (Hassanalian et al., 2018b) or both surfaces in black showed higher values of drag reduction than wings with white upper and black lower surface or both surfaces in white colour....
[...]
...Varying temperature on both surfaces (Hassanalian et al., 2018a) is due to different rates at which heat is being absorbed by both the upper and the lower surface....
[...]