Aldehyde dehydrogenase: Its role as a cancer stem cell marker comes down to the specific isoform
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TLDR
The suggested roles of ALDH in CSC biology and the immunohistological studies testing the potential application of AL DH isoforms as novel cancer prognostic indicators are reviewed.Abstract:
Recent evidence suggests that enhanced aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity is a hallmark of cancer stem cells (CSC) measurable by the aldefluor assay. ALDH1A1, one of 19 ALDH isoforms expressed in humans, was generally believed to be responsible for the ALDH activity of CSCs. More recently, experiments with murine hematopoietic stem cells, murine progenitor pancreatic cells, and human breast CSCs indicate that other ALDH isoforms, particularly ALDH1A3, significantly contribute to aldefluor positivity, which may be tissue and cancer specific. Therefore, potential prognostic application involving the use of CSC prevalence in tumor tissue to predict patient outcome requires the identification and quantification of specific ALDH isoforms. Herein we review the suggested roles of ALDH in CSC biology and the immunohistological studies testing the potential application of ALDH isoforms as novel cancer prognostic indicators.read more
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Mesenchymal glioma stem cells are maintained by activated glycolytic metabolism involving aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3.
Ping Mao,Kaushal Joshi,Jianfeng Li,Sung Hak Kim,Peipei Li,Lucas Santana-Santos,Soumya Luthra,Uma R. Chandran,Panayiotis V. Benos,Luke G F Smith,Maode Wang,Bo Hu,Shi Yuan Cheng,Robert W. Sobol,Ichiro Nakano +14 more
TL;DR: Two mutually exclusive GSC subtypes, harboring distinct metabolic signaling pathways, represent intertumoral glioma heterogeneity and highlight previously unidentified roles of ALDH1A3-associated signaling that promotes aberrant proliferation of Mes HGGs and GSCs.
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Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibitors: a Comprehensive Review of the Pharmacology, Mechanism of Action, Substrate Specificity, and Clinical Application
Vindhya Koppaka,David C. Thompson,Ying Chen,Manuel Ellermann,Kyriacos C. Nicolaou,Kyriacos C. Nicolaou,Risto O. Juvonen,Dennis R. Petersen,Richard A. Deitrich,Thomas D. Hurley,Vasilis Vasiliou +10 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to establish the current status of pharmacological inhibition of the ALDHs, provide a rationale for the continued development of ALDH isozyme-selective inhibitors, and identify the challenges and potential therapeutic rewards associated with the creation of such agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 in stem cells and cancer
TL;DR: The functions and mechanisms of ALDH1A1, the key ALDH isozyme linked to SC populations and an important contributor to CSC function in cancers, are reviewed, and its potential in future anticancer strategies is outlined.
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Evidence of β-Cell Dedifferentiation in Human Type 2 Diabetes
Francesca Cinti,Ryotaro Bouchi,Ja Young Kim-Muller,Yoshiaki Ohmura,Pedro Rodrigo Sandoval,Matilde Masini,Lorella Marselli,Mara Suleiman,Lloyd E. Ratner,Piero Marchetti,Domenico Accili +10 more
TL;DR: The data support the view that pancreatic β-cells become dedifferentiated and convert to α- and δ-"like" cells in human type 2 diabetes, and should prompt a reassessment of goals in the prevention and treatment of β-cell dysfunction.
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Lipid Desaturation Is a Metabolic Marker and Therapeutic Target of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells
Junjie Li,Salvatore Condello,Jessica Thomes-Pepin,Xiaoxiao Ma,Yu Xia,Thomas D. Hurley,Daniela Matei,Daniela Matei,Ji-Xin Cheng +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that increased lipid unsaturation is a metabolic marker for ovarian CSCs and a target for CSC-specific therapy and Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) directly regulates the expression levels of lipid desaturases, and inhibition of desaturase blocks NF-κBs signaling.
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