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Journal ArticleDOI

American Society of Echocardiography clinical recommendations for multimodality cardiovascular imaging of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Endorsed by the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography.

TL;DR: This research presents a meta-analyses of the determinants of infectious disease outbreaks in eight operation theatres across the United States and Canada over a period of 12 months in the period of May 21 to 29, 2012.
Abstract: Sherif F. Nagueh, MD, FASE, Chair,* S. Michelle Bierig, RDCS, FASE,* Matthew J. Budoff, MD, Milind Desai, MD,* Vasken Dilsizian, MD, Benjamin Eidem, MD, FASE,* Steven A. Goldstein, MD,* Judy Hung, MD, FASE,* Martin S. Maron, MD, Steve R. Ommen, MD,* and Anna Woo, MD,*Houston, Texas; St. Louis, Missouri; Los Angeles, California; Cleveland, Ohio; Baltimore, Maryland; Rochester, Minnesota; Washington, District of Columbia; Boston, Massachusetts; Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging are presented.
Abstract: Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography : An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging

4,020 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The primary goal of this update is to simplify the approach and thus increase the utility of the guidelines in daily clinical practice.
Abstract: Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function is an integral part of the routine evaluation of patients presenting with symptoms of dyspnea or heart failure. The 2009 American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and European Association of Echocardiography (now European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging [EACVI]) guidelines for diastolic function assessment were comprehensive, including several two-dimensional (2D) and Doppler parameters to grade diastolic dysfunction and to estimate LV filling pressures.1 Notwithstanding, the inclusion of many parameters in the guidelines was perceived to render diastolic function assessment too complex, because several readers have interpreted the guidelines as mandating all the listed parameters in the document to fall within specified values before assigning a specific grade. The primary goal of this update is to simplify the approach and thus increase the utility of the guidelines in daily clinical practice. LV diastolic dysfunction is usually the result of impaired LV relaxation with or without …

2,541 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: William A. Zoghbi, MD, FASE (Chair), David Adams, RCS, RDCS, Fase, Robert O. Bonow,MD, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, MDs, Elyse Foster, Md, Fases, Paul A. Grayburn, MD-FASE, Rebecca T. Hahn,MD-MMSc, Yuchi Han, PhD, MMSc,* Judy Hung, MD.
Abstract: William A. Zoghbi, MD, FASE (Chair), David Adams, RCS, RDCS, FASE, Robert O. Bonow, MD, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, MD, Elyse Foster, MD, FASE, Paul A. Grayburn, MD, FASE, Rebecca T. Hahn, MD, FASE, Yuchi Han, MD, MMSc,* Judy Hung, MD, FASE, Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE, Stephen H. Little, MD, FASE, Dipan J. Shah, MD, MMSc,* Stanton Shernan, MD, FASE, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, MD, MSc, FASE,* James D. Thomas, MD, FASE, and Neil J. Weissman, MD, FASE, Houston and Dallas, Texas; Durham, North Carolina; Chicago, Illinois; Rochester, Minnesota; San Francisco, California; New York, New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Boston, Massachusetts; Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Washington, DC

2,030 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This summary operationalizes the recommendations from the full guideline and presents a combination of diagnostic work-up, genetic and family screening, risk stratification approaches, lifestyle modifications, surgical and catheter interventions, and medications that constitute components of guideline directed medical therapy.

430 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Members of the Chamber Quantification Writing Group are: Roberto M. Lang, MD, Fase, Michelle Bierig, MPH, RDCS, FASE, Richard B. Devereux,MD, Frank A. Flachskampf, MD and Elyse Foster, MD.
Abstract: Members of the Chamber Quantification Writing Group are: Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE, Michelle Bierig, MPH, RDCS, FASE, Richard B. Devereux, MD, Frank A. Flachskampf, MD, Elyse Foster, MD, Patricia A. Pellikka, MD, Michael H. Picard, MD, Mary J. Roman, MD, James Seward, MD, Jack S. Shanewise, MD, FASE, Scott D. Solomon, MD, Kirk T. Spencer, MD, FASE, Martin St John Sutton, MD, FASE, and William J. Stewart, MD

10,834 citations


"American Society of Echocardiograph..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...because LA volume has been shown to be the more accurate index of LA size, LA volume indexed to body surface area should be assessed in accordance with ASE guidelines.(2) There are three main mechanical functions of the left atrium: (1) reservoir function (during ventricular systole and isovolumic relaxation), (2) conduit function (during early diastole), and (3) contractile (booster pump) function (during atrial systole)....

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  • ...Not infrequently, RV hypertrophy occurs as well, and RV wall thickness should be measured in subcostal or the parasternal images.(2) Contrast echocardiography, if needed, should be used as described above in the ‘‘Echocardiography’’ section....

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  • ...Traditionally, the biplane Simpson’s method has been applied to the measurement of LV volumes and ejection fraction (EF).(2) Recently, real-time three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography has been shown to provide more accurate means of quantification,(3) though there is a paucity of data on its accuracy in HCM....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography are made and further research is needed to determine the best method for this evaluation.
Abstract: Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography

4,162 citations


"American Society of Echocardiograph..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Stress testing using supine bicycle protocols can be considered in selected patients who are unable to perform upright exercise and can facilitate themeasurement of LV filling pressures and pulmonary artery systolic pressure at rest and during exercise.(19) However, given the increased venous return in a supine position, LVOT gradients can be lower during supine bicycle protocols....

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  • ...The assessment of LA function via Doppler echocardiographic techniques has been performed by indirect methods using pulmonary venous inflow signals and LA volumes by 2D and 3D echocardiography during the different atrial phases.(19) Other indirect measurements of LA function have included the calculation of LA ejection force and kinetic energy, which are increased in patients with obstructive HCM and are reduced (though not normalized) after relief of obstruction....

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  • ...Echocardiography is the only modality recommended for the evaluation of LV diastolic function, and a comprehensive approach should be followed per the recent ASE and European Association of Echocardiography guidelines.(19)...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function and filling pressures is of paramount clinical importance to distinguish this syndrome from other diseases such as pulmonary disease resulting in dyspnea, to assess prognosis, and to identify underlying cardiac disease and its best treatment.
Abstract: The assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function should be an integral part of a routine examination, particularly in patients presenting with dyspnea or heart failure. About half of patients with new diagnoses of heart failure have normal or near normal global ejection fractions (EFs). These patients are diagnosed with “diastolic heart failure” or “heart failure with preserved EF.”1 The assessment of LV diastolic function and filling pressures is of paramount clinical importance to distinguish this syndrome from other diseases such as pulmonary disease resulting in dyspnea, to assess prognosis, and to identify underlying cardiac disease and its best treatment. LV filling pressures as measured invasively include mean pulmonary wedge pressure or mean left atrial (LA) pressure (both in the absence of mitral stenosis), LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP; the pressure at the onset of the QRS complex or after A-wave pressure), and pre-A LV diastolic pressure (Figure 1).Although these pressures are different in absolute terms, they are closely related, and they change in a predictable progression with myocardial disease, such that LVEDP increases prior to the rise in mean LA pressure. Figure 1 The 4 phases of diastole are marked in relation to high-fidelity pressure recordings from the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) in anesthetized dogs. The first pressure crossover corresponds to the end of isovolumic relaxation and mitral valve opening. In the first phase, left atrial pressure exceeds left ventricular pressure, accelerating mitral flow. Peak mitral E roughly corresponds to the second crossover. Thereafter, left ventricular pressure exceeds left atrial pressure, decelerating mitral flow. These two phases correspond to rapid filling. This is followed by slow filling, with almost no pressure differences. During atrial contraction, left atrial pressure again exceeds left ventricular pressure. The solid arrow points to left ventricular minimal pressure, the dotted arrow to left ventricular …

3,659 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a general approach for the natural history and clinical course of clinical diagnostics in the context of vascular flow outflow and genetic and molecular diagnostics.

1,289 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Use of tests for structure and function and for diagnosis in symptomatic, intermediate coronary artery disease (CAD) risk patients was deemed appropriate, while repeat testing and general screening uses were viewed less favorably.

1,232 citations

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