An Analysis of the Mechanical Behavior of AISI 4130 Steel after TIG and Laser Welding Process
TL;DR: In this article, a post-weld heat treatment was conducted to evaluate the influence of laser beam welding on the tensile and hardness properties of AISI 4130 steel.
About: This article is published in Procedia Engineering.The article was published on 2015-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 20 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Heat-affected zone & Laser beam welding.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the behavior of hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion of nickel, cadmium and copper electroplating steel alloy 4130 were examined using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
41 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have studied the optimum welding parameters to obtain the ultimate tensile strength of Ti 6Al 4V weld specimen of using L 9 orthogonal array.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of different welding processes on the mechanical properties and corresponding variation in the microstructural features have been investigated for the dissimilar weldments of 18% Ni maraging steel 250 and AISI 4130 steel.
12 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated and correlated the relationship between various parameters and hardness and tensile strength of single square butt joint and predicting weld bead qualities before applying to the actual joining of metal by welding.
Abstract: Tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) is a high quality welding process commonly used to join plates of higher thickness in load bearing components. This process provide a purer and cleaner high volume weldments. The main purpose of present work is to investigate and correlated the relationship between various parameters and hardness and tensile strength of single square butt joint and predicting weld bead qualities before applying to the actual joining of metal by welding. Changing different welding parameters like effect of Gas flow, voltage and welding current on the tensile strength of the weld joint has been investigated of weld joint. Hardness value of the welded zone has been measured at the cross section to understand the change in mechanical property of the welded zone. In the study which parameter is most effectively effect the weld strength. Weld strength varies under various conditions. By using Taguchi and ANNOVA technique an optimal solution is find out, which provides us an optimal results of the varying condition.
3 citations
Cites methods from "An Analysis of the Mechanical Behav..."
...Souza Neto et al[11] conducted experiment to investigated mechanical behavior of AISI 4130 Steel through TIG and Laser welding process....
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01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental investigation of alloy AISI 4130 steel series by CO2 Laser Beam Welding (LBW) with the objective of analyzing its effects on mechanical properties of joints is presented.
Abstract: Laser Technology is gaining importance in manufacturing/production industries/medical field. Hence, metal joining by welding of similar or dissimilar metals is an important process. Thus, the design of the joints and their strength conditions play a greater role. Therefore, the present study concentrates on the experimental investigation of alloy AISI 4130 steel series by CO2 Laser Beam Welding (LBW) with the objective of analyzing its effects on mechanical properties of joints. The experimental investigation consists of three stages—(i) Determination of minimum number of experiments to be conducted using Taguchi’s technique, (ii) Joining of two similar metals by LBW and (iii) Estimation of the effect of each parameter with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Whale optimization algorithm so as to obtain a best combination of process parameters, namely—laser power, welding speed, incident angle, focal position and focal length. The results indicate that the process parameters influence to obtain good mechanical properties, good surface with a remarkable decrease in fusion zone, and an acceptable weld profile with higher weld depth to width ratio.
3 citations
References
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01 Jan 2013-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy joints between pulsed Nd:YAG laser beam welding and traditional fusion welding were compared, and it can be concluded that pulsed nd:yAG laser welding is much more suitable for welding the thin titanium alloy plate than TIG welding.
Abstract: This paper reports on a study aiming at comparing properties of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy joints between pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding and traditional fusion welding. To achieve the research purpose, Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plates with a thickness of 0.8 mm were welded using pulsed Nd:YAG laser beam welding (LBW) and gas tungsten arc welding (TIG), respectively. Residual distortions, weld geometry, microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints produced with LBW and TIG welding were compared. During the tensile test, with the aid of a high speed infrared camera, evolution of the plastic strain within tensile specimens corresponding to LBW and TIG welding were recorded and analyzed. Compared with the TIG, the welded joint by LBW has the characters of small overall residual distortion, fine microstructure, narrow heat-affected zone (HAZ), high Vickers hardness. LBW welding method can produce joints with higher strength and ductility. It can be concluded that Pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding is much more suitable for welding the thin Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate than TIG welding.
196 citations
"An Analysis of the Mechanical Behav..." refers background in this paper
...04(a), showing the welding performed by the Laser process, there is a narrower welded region, showing different zones, the HAZ of darker shade, and FZ in the center with a lighter shade [6]....
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01 Feb 2012-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: In this article, a series of welds have been fabricated in 4130 steel tube by gas tungsten arc and resistance spot welding, and the tube was subjected to quench-tempered heat treatment.
Abstract: Hardness tests are routinely employed as simple and efficient methods to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of steels. Each microstructural phase in steel has its own hardness level. Therefore, using surface hardness mapping data over a large area of weld zone would be a reasonable method to identify the present phases in steel. The microstructure distribution and mechanical properties variation through welded structures is inhomogeneous and not suitable for certain applications. So, studying the microstructure of weld zone has a significant importance. 4130 steel is classified in HTLA steels and it is widely used in marine industry due to its superior hardenability, good corrosion resistance and high strength. Gas tungsten arc and resistance spot welding are the most usable processes in joining of 4130 sheets. In this work a series of welds have been fabricated in 4130 steel tube by gas tungsten arc and resistance spot welding. The tube was subjected to quench-tempered heat treatment. Slices from the welds before and after heat treatment were polished and etched and the macrostructure and microstructure were observed. Hardness maps were then determined over the large area of weld zone, including the heat affected zone and base plate. Results show good relations between the various microstructures, strength and hardness values. It is also proved that this method is precise and applicable to estimate phase fraction of each phase in various regions of weld. In the current study some equations were proposed to calculate the ultimate tensile stress and yield stress from the weld. The calculated data were compared with experimental data obtained by tensile test. Average relative error between data prepared by these two methods has a very acceptable value around 5%.
21 citations
"An Analysis of the Mechanical Behav..." refers methods in this paper
...The increase in hardness value from 250 HV average found on the base material rose to about 650 HV on laser welding; and 600 HV using TIG welding, indicating that there was the formation of a hard phase in FZ, with hardness values compatible with the martensite phase [8]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of in-chamber electron beam and exchamber furnace postweld treatments on the fatigue crack growth rate of electron-beam-welded AISI 4130 steel was investigated.
Abstract: This article studies the effect ofin-chamber electron beam and ex-chamber furnace postweld treatments on the fatigue crack growth rate of electron-beam-welded AISI 4130 steel. Mechanical properties of the weldment are evaluated by tensile testing, while the fatigue properties are investigated by a fatigue crack propagation method. Microstructural examination shows that both postweld treatments temper the weldment by the appropriate control of beam pattern width, input beam energy, and furnace temperature. In addition, the ductility, strength, and microhardness of the weldment also reflect this tempering effect. The fatigue crack growth rate is decreased after both postweld treatments. This is mainly caused by the existence of a toughened microstructure and relief of the residual stress due to the fact that (1) the residual stress becomes more compressive as more beam energy is delivered into the samples and (2) postweld furnace tempering effectively releases the tensile stress into a compressive stress state.
14 citations
"An Analysis of the Mechanical Behav..." refers background in this paper
..., the hardness is compatible but the process was EB (Electron Beam) [9]....
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...Comparing to Wang et al., the hardness is compatible but the process was EB (Electron Beam) [9]....
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...[9] C.C. Wang; Y. Chang, 1996, “Effect of Postweld Treatment on the Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of Electron-Beam-Welded AISI 4130 Steel”, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,Vol. 27A, 1996, pp. 3162-3169....
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...In this work, as a comparative welding process, Laser Beam Welding (LBW) was used as an alternative to the traditional TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding....
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...In aeronautics, however, where the search for innovation is a paramount target, it is important to compare Laser Beam Welding (LBW) as an alternative to TIG welding....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding repair on the structural integrity of the AISI 4130 aeronautical steel by means of experimental fatigue crack growth tests in basematerial, heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal.
8 citations
"An Analysis of the Mechanical Behav..." refers background in this paper
...Many components under extreme loads had been welded, so civilian and military aerospace companies are looking for better welding procedures [1, 2]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical strength by tensile and fatigue in steel sheets of 4340 and 300M steels after laser welding and tempering heat treatments were evaluated.
Abstract: The AISI/SAE 4340 steel and 300M have been used in severe conditions where high strength and toughness are necessary. Since there is a particular interest in the aerospace industry, they are being used in aircraft landing gear, rocket engines vessels and satellite launch vehicles. Therefore, the understanding of the weldability of these steels has been the subject of special interest. This study aims to evaluate and compare the microstructure and mechanical strength by tensile and fatigue in steel sheets of 4340 and 300M steels after laser welding and tempering heat treatments. The results showed that the welds had high hardness and small heat affected zones. Nevertheless, there was not a decrease in the uniaxial tensile properties for the 300M and 4340 steels. The decrease in fatigue life due to the welding process, compared to the unwelded condition, was small, indicating that the parameters welding were adequate and that this process is viable.
6 citations
"An Analysis of the Mechanical Behav..." refers methods in this paper
...Welding Process The laser parameters were previously studied according to Cardoso and Carvalho works [3, 5], which used the same laser....
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