An efficient algorithm for segregation of white and red blood cells based on modified hough transform
01 Dec 2017-pp 465-468
TL;DR: An efficient method of blood cell counting, particularly, for identifying red blood cell and white blood cell is discussed, based on a modified hough transform known as houghtransform filters.
Abstract: In this proceeding, an efficient method of blood cell counting, particularly, for identifying red blood cell and white blood cell is discussed. The method is based on a modified hough transform known as hough transform filters. Using these filters, simultaneous shape recognition of circles of different radii becomes much easier without having to change image parameters using thresholding or contrast enhancement etc. for each step. Initial results show that the method detects RBC and WBC without fail apart from the ones closer to image boundaries.
Citations
More filters
01 Nov 2018
TL;DR: While manual differential counting includes the analysis of hundreds of fields of views, the device uses the numerical method, natural neighbor interpolation (NNI), to reduce the number of slides to be examined, thereby making the process much more efficient.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the development of an attachment to an Olympus CX21 microscope capable of automating the process of the parasitemia of P. Falciparum, one of the most common parasitic strains of malaria. The device uses a camera module attached to the eyepiece of the microscope to analyze the slide, and a set of stepper motors attached to the stage control to adjust the position of the mechanical stage. The flood-fill algorithm is used to analyze each field of view (FOV) of the slide to count the number of red blood cells and infected cells. Furthermore, while manual differential counting includes the analysis of hundreds of fields of views, the device uses the numerical method, natural neighbor interpolation (NNI), to reduce the number of slides to be examined, thereby making the process much more efficient. The results of the various tests yielded an accuracy rate of more than 90% for the automation of the process and a percent difference of no more than 20% for the application of NNI.
10 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of 149 papers detailing the methods used to analyze blood smear images and detect leukemia is presented, presenting the underlying techniques used, their reported performance, along with their merits and demerits.
Abstract: Leukemia, the malignancy of blood-forming tissues, becomes fatal if not detected in the early stages. It is detected through a blood smear test that involves the morphological analysis of the stained blood slide. The manual microscopic examination of slides is tedious, time-consuming, error-prone, and subject to inter-observer and intra-observer bias. Several computerized methods to automate this task have been developed to alleviate these problems during the past few years. However, no exclusive comprehensive review of these methods has been presented to date. Such a review shall be highly beneficial for novice readers interested in pursuing research in this domain. This article fills the void by presenting a comprehensive review of 149 papers detailing the methods used to analyze blood smear images and detect leukemia. The primary focus of the review is on presenting the underlying techniques used and their reported performance, along with their merits and demerits. It also enumerates the research issues that have been satisfactorily solved and open challenges still existing in the domain.
6 citations
01 Nov 2019
TL;DR: 2-stage thresholding technique for automatic avian RBC counting is proposed and provided the count with error rate much less than the clinically acceptable value.
Abstract: The chicken industry ranks tenth in the world in term of output in the world meat market. Red blood cell (RBC) count is one of the basic health screening protocol required in an exported meat industry. However, the human’s automated blood analyzer cannot be applied to avian RBC, because the shape of avian blood (ellipse) is different from the mammal one (circle). In this paper, we propose 2-stage thresholding technique for automatic avian RBC counting. First, the blood smear slide is binarized into RBC and non-RBC area by applying Otsu thresholding. Then, image morphology and Otsu thresholding are reapplied to detect the blood nucleus. After that, the connected component analysis is applied to count the number of RBC. The experiment demonstrated that the proposed technique was simple and provided the count with error rate (2.23%) much less than the clinically acceptable value (5%).
4 citations
Cites methods from "An efficient algorithm for segregat..."
...In the image processing aspect, Hough transform [3], [4], [5], [6] has been successfully applied for automatic mammal RBC count, however, it is not an efficient elliptic detector with regards to both the computational time and the accuracy....
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4 citations
14 Oct 2020
TL;DR: In this article, a thresholding method that combines first order statistical parameters with the otsu function has been applied to extract the nucleus on a microscopic image of blood, followed by marker-controlled watershed method to separate the touching nucleus.
Abstract: Leukocyte counting is a routine blood examination that is often requested in health care units and hospitals in an effort to carry out the established diagnosis, to provide information about various conditions of these diseases. A framework for counting leukocytes has been proposed in this study. A thresholding method that combines first order statistical parameters with the otsu function has been applied to extract the nucleus on a microscopic image of blood, followed by marker-controlled watershed method to separate the touching nucleus. Due to the presence of several abnormal leukocyte regions because of the staining process error, the elimination of the abnormal region is performed. In the end, it is completed by the connected component labeling. The experimental results show that the segmentation results have an average sensitivity (true positive rate) of 97.2%, an average specificity (true negative rate) of 99.03%, while the false positive rate reaches 0.97% compared to the groundtruth image. The results of the leukocyte counting experiment showed that the average over counted ratio reached 15.86%, while the under counted ratio of the proposed framework was 1.09%.
References
More filters
TL;DR: This work uses snakes for interactive interpretation, in which user-imposed constraint forces guide the snake near features of interest, and uses scale-space continuation to enlarge the capture region surrounding a feature.
Abstract: A snake is an energy-minimizing spline guided by external constraint forces and influenced by image forces that pull it toward features such as lines and edges. Snakes are active contour models: they lock onto nearby edges, localizing them accurately. Scale-space continuation can be used to enlarge the capture region surrounding a feature. Snakes provide a unified account of a number of visual problems, including detection of edges, lines, and subjective contours; motion tracking; and stereo matching. We have used snakes successfully for interactive interpretation, in which user-imposed constraint forces guide the snake near features of interest.
18,095 citations
"An efficient algorithm for segregat..." refers methods in this paper
...Under image processing methods applied to CBC a numbers of literatures are dedicated to segmentation, watershed and other feature extraction algorithms applied to microscope images with normal (not diseased) blood cells [7-11]....
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Book•
01 Jul 1990TL;DR: Cardiovascular system pulmonary system neurological system autonomic nervous system gastrointestinal system skin and appendages eye ear nose, mouth and throat endocrine system haematopoietic system musculoskelatal system female genitalia general.
Abstract: Cardiovascular system pulmonary system neurological system autonomic nervous system gastrointestinal system skin and appendages eye ear nose, mouth and throat endocrine system haematopoietic system musculoskelatal system female genitalia general.
851 citations
TL;DR: Clinical Methods, now in its third edition, reviews the history and physical examination in depth and offers brief discussions of selected laboratory methods used in diagnosis.
Abstract: In these times of burgeoning medical technology and runaway costs, it is a pleasure to find a medical textbook that emphasizes the more basic aspects of practice.Clinical Methods, now in its third edition, reviews the history and physical examination in depth. In addition, the book offers brief discussions of selected laboratory methods used in diagnosis. Compared with previous editions, this volume has undergone extensive revision both in content and organization. Following a brief overview, it is divided into sections based on organ systems. The introductory section includes a useful and well-written chapter on the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of laboratory tests, as well as a chapter that takes on the difficult task of articulating the thought processes that are used in the collection and interpretation of medical data. The bulk of the text comprises a detailed discussion of the history and physical examination as related to a particular
811 citations
"An efficient algorithm for segregat..." refers background in this paper
...In many countries, CBC is routinely performed during annual physical examinations anda qualified scientist or lab technician is needed to perform this test [1-3]....
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...Other costly automated tests include laser based flow-cytometer or sceptre counter are employed in very special cases, as both these techniques can destroy blood cells, if not preserved carefully [1, 4]....
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TL;DR: The multiscale behavior of gradient watershed regions is investigated, a mechanism for imposing a scale-based hierarchy on the watersheds associated with these minima that can be used to label watershed boundaries according to their scale.
Abstract: Multiscale image analysis has been used successfully in a number of applications to classify image features according to their relative scales. As a consequence, much has been learned about the scale-space behavior of intensity extrema, edges, intensity ridges, and grey-level blobs. We investigate the multiscale behavior of gradient watershed regions. These regions are defined in terms of the gradient properties of the gradient magnitude of the original image. Boundaries of gradient watershed regions correspond to the edges of objects in an image. Multiscale analysis of intensity minima in the gradient magnitude image provides a mechanism for imposing a scale-based hierarchy on the watersheds associated with these minima. This hierarchy can be used to label watershed boundaries according to their scale. This provides valuable insight into the multiscale properties of edges in an image without following these curves through scale-space. In addition, the gradient watershed region hierarchy can be used for automatic or interactive image segmentation. By selecting subtrees of the region hierarchy, visually sensible objects in an image can be easily constructed.
313 citations
"An efficient algorithm for segregat..." refers methods in this paper
...Under image processing methods applied to CBC a numbers of literatures are dedicated to segmentation, watershed and other feature extraction algorithms applied to microscope images with normal (not diseased) blood cells [7-11]....
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01 Sep 2000
TL;DR: Morphological approach to cell image segmentation more accurate than the classical watershed-based algorithm is introduced and a non-flat disk-shaped structuring element is used to enhance the roundness and compactness of the red cells improving the accuracy of the Classical watershed algorithm.
Abstract: This work describes a part of a malarial image processing system for detecting and classifying malaria parasites in images of Giemsa stained blood slides in order to evaluate the parasitaemia of the blood. A major requirement of the system is an efficient method to segment cell images. This paper introduces morphological approach to cell image segmentation more accurate than the classical watershed-based algorithm. We applied grey scale granulometries based on opening with disk-shaped elements, flat and non-flat. We used a non-flat disk-shaped structuring element to enhance the roundness and compactness of the red cells improving the accuracy of the classical watershed algorithm, while we have used a flat disk-shaped structuring element to separate overlapping cells. These methods make use of knowledge of the red blood cell structure that is not used in existing watershed-based algorithms.
129 citations
"An efficient algorithm for segregat..." refers methods in this paper
...Under image processing methods applied to CBC a numbers of literatures are dedicated to segmentation, watershed and other feature extraction algorithms applied to microscope images with normal (not diseased) blood cells [7-11]....
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