An Efficient Wind Speed Computation Method Using Sliding Mode Observers in Wind Energy Conversion System Control Applications
01 Jan 2020-IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE))-Vol. 56, Iss: 1, pp 730-739
TL;DR: A new method is proposed for the computation of effective wind velocity by inverting the turbine's aerodynamic model after estimating the turbine torque and its rotor speed and can be used in various control algorithms in wind energy conversion systems.
Abstract: Point wind velocity measurement given by nacelle-top mounted sensor may not be same as effective wind velocity, which strikes the wind turbine rotor blades. This article proposes a new method for the computation of effective wind velocity by inverting the turbine's aerodynamic model after estimating the turbine torque and its rotor speed. Nonlinear control theory-based sliding mode observers are used to estimate the wind turbine generator induced speed emfs, rotor speed, and aerodynamic torque imparted to generator shaft. While satisfying the Lyapunov inequality condition, design aspects of sliding mode observers are discussed in detail. The performance of the proposed wind velocity estimation method is evaluated by using permanent magnet synchronous generator-based wind turbine emulator in laboratory. Simulation and experimental studies confirm that the estimated wind velocity under different wind profile conditions is accurate and can be used in various control algorithms in wind energy conversion systems.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is proposed for blade pitch control of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) instead of the conventional controllers.
Abstract: Wind speed fluctuations and load demand variations represent the big challenges against wind energy conversion systems (WECS). Besides, the inefficient measuring devices and the environmental impacts (e.g. temperature, humidity, and noise signals) affect the system equipment, leading to increased system uncertainty issues. In addition, the time delay due to the communication channels can make a gap between the transmitted control signal and the WECS that causes instability for the WECS operation. To tackle these issues, this paper proposes an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as an effective control technique for blade pitch control of the WECS instead of the conventional controllers. However, the ANFIS requires a suitable dataset for training and testing to adjust its membership functions in order to provide effective performance. In this regard, this paper also suggests an effective strategy to prepare a sufficient dataset for training and testing of the ANFIS controller. Specifically, a new optimization algorithm named the mayfly optimization algorithm (MOA) is developed to find the optimal parameters of the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller to find the optimal dataset for training and testing of the ANFIS controller. To demonstrate the advantages of the proposed technique, it is compared with different three algorithms in the literature. Another contribution is that a new time-domain named figure of demerit is established to confirm the minimization of settling time and the maximum overshoot in a simultaneous manner. A lot of test scenarios are performed to confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed ANFIS based technique. The robustness of the proposed method is verified based on the frequency domain conditions that are driven from Hermite–Biehler theorem. The results emphases that the proposed controller provides superior performance against the wind speed fluctuations, load demand variations, system parameters uncertainties, and the time delay of the communication channels.
79 citations
TL;DR: Simulation and experimental results show that the FTFOSMC can achieve superior dynamic performances than the PI control with shorter convergence time, less vibration, higher tracking accuracy and stronger robustness, thus improving power quality of the PMSG wind turbine.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a fixed-time fractional-order sliding mode controller (FTFOSMC) is proposed for the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine to enhance the power quality.
29 citations
TL;DR: A new variable structure control scheme for a variable-speed, fixed-pitch ducted wind turbine, equipped with an annular, brushless permanent-magnet synchronous generator, considering a back-to-back power converter topology is proposed.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new variable structure control scheme for a variable-speed, fixed-pitch ducted wind turbine, equipped with an annular, brushless permanent-magnet synchronous generator, considering a back-to-back power converter topology. The purpose of this control scheme is to maximise the aerodynamic power over the entire wind speed range, considering the mechanical safety limits of the ducted wind turbine. The ideal power characteristics are achieved with the design of control laws aimed at performing the maximum power point tracking control in the low wind speeds region, and the constant speed, power, and torque control in the high wind speed region. The designed control laws utilize a Luenberger observer for the estimation of the aerodynamic torque and a shallow neural network for wind speed estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through tests in a laboratory setup. Moreover, a comparison with other solutions from the literature allowed us to better evaluate the performances achieved and to highlight the originality of the proposed control scheme.
21 citations
TL;DR: A novel quantum parallel multi-layer Monte Carlo optimization algorithm (QPMMCOA) to optimize the rotor-side controller parameters based on proportional-integral of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) for achieving maximum power and improving generation efficiency is proposed.
16 citations
References
More filters
[...]
40,330 citations
"An Efficient Wind Speed Computation..." refers background or methods in this paper
...In case of EKF, the dynamic system modeling equations need to be linearized around every equilibrium point [9], [10]....
[...]
...Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used for the estimation of wind velocity in single stage by combining the linear model of the drive train with nonlinear aerodynamic model [9], [10]....
[...]
Book•
01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic feedback design theory for solving the problems of asymptotic tracking and disturbance rejection for linear distributed parameter systems is presented, which is intended to support the development of flight controllers for increasing the high angle of attack or high agility capabilities of existing and future generations of aircraft.
Abstract: : The principal goal of this three years research effort was to enhance the research base which would support efforts to systematically control, or take advantage of, dominant nonlinear or distributed parameter effects in the evolution of complex dynamical systems. Such an enhancement is intended to support the development of flight controllers for increasing the high angle of attack or high agility capabilities of existing and future generations of aircraft and missiles. The principal investigating team has succeeded in the development of a systematic methodology for designing feedback control laws solving the problems of asymptotic tracking and disturbance rejection for nonlinear systems with unknown, or uncertain, real parameters. Another successful research project was the development of a systematic feedback design theory for solving the problems of asymptotic tracking and disturbance rejection for linear distributed parameter systems. The technical details which needed to be overcome are discussed more fully in this final report.
8,525 citations
"An Efficient Wind Speed Computation..." refers background in this paper
...In a finite set of state space, to determine the given nonlinear process (5), whether it is locally observable [17], an observability matrix needs to be computed using Lie derivatives of the output [18], [19]....
[...]
TL;DR: An overview of the structures for the DPGS based on fuel cell, photovoltaic, and wind turbines is given and the possibility of compensation for low-order harmonics is discussed.
Abstract: Renewable energy sources like wind, sun, and hydro are seen as a reliable alternative to the traditional energy sources such as oil, natural gas, or coal. Distributed power generation systems (DPGSs) based on renewable energy sources experience a large development worldwide, with Germany, Denmark, Japan, and USA as leaders in the development in this field. Due to the increasing number of DPGSs connected to the utility network, new and stricter standards in respect to power quality, safe running, and islanding protection are issued. As a consequence, the control of distributed generation systems should be improved to meet the requirements for grid interconnection. This paper gives an overview of the structures for the DPGS based on fuel cell, photovoltaic, and wind turbines. In addition, control structures of the grid-side converter are presented, and the possibility of compensation for low-order harmonics is also discussed. Moreover, control strategies when running on grid faults are treated. This paper ends up with an overview of synchronization methods and a discussion about their importance in the control
4,655 citations
Book•
27 Aug 1998
TL;DR: This text provides the reader with a grounding in sliding mode control and is appropriate for the graduate with a basic knowledge of classical control theory and some knowledge of state-space methods.
Abstract: In the formation of any control problem there will be discrepancies between the actual plant and the mathematical model for controller design. Sliding mode control theory seeks to produce controllers to over some such mismatches. This text provides the reader with a grounding in sliding mode control and is appropriate for the graduate with a basic knowledge of classical control theory and some knowledge of state-space methods. From this basis, more advanced theoretical results are developed. Two industrial case studies, which present the results of sliding mode controller implementations, are used to illustrate the successful practical application theory.
3,355 citations
"An Efficient Wind Speed Computation..." refers background in this paper
...Nonlinear control theory-based sliding mode observer (SMO) is quite effective in estimating the wind velocity due to its fast convergence and robustness against the system parameter variations [11]–[13]....
[...]
TL;DR: The properties of controllability, observability, and the theory of minimal realization for linear systems are well-understood and have been very useful in analyzing such systems as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The properties of controllability, observability, and the theory of minimal realization for linear systems are well-understood and have been very useful in analyzing such systems. This paper deals with analogous questions for nonlinear systems.
2,306 citations
"An Efficient Wind Speed Computation..." refers background in this paper
...In a finite set of state space, to determine the given nonlinear process (5), whether it is locally observable [17], an observability matrix needs to be computed using Lie derivatives of the output [18], [19]....
[...]