Journal ArticleDOI
An extreme climatic event alters marine ecosystem structure in a global biodiversity hotspot
Thomas Wernberg,Dan A. Smale,Fernando Tuya,Fernando Tuya,Mads S. Thomsen,Tim J. Langlois,Thibaut de Bettignies,Scott Bennett,Cecile S. Rousseaux +8 more
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TLDR
In 2011, the waters along the west coast of Australia experienced an unprecedented (in recorded times) warming event with warming anomalies of 2-4°C that persisted for more than ten weeks.Abstract:
In 2011 the waters along the west coast of Australia—a global hotspot of biodiversity—experienced an unprecedented (in recorded times) warming event with warming anomalies of 2–4 °C that persisted for more than ten weeks. Now research shows that biodiversity patterns of temperate seaweeds, invertebrates and fishes were significantly different following the warming event.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Climate-driven regime shift of a temperate marine ecosystem
Thomas Wernberg,Scott Bennett,Scott Bennett,Russell C. Babcock,Russell C. Babcock,Thibaut de Bettignies,Katherine Cure,Katherine Cure,Martial Depczynski,Francois Dufois,Jane Fromont,Christopher J. Fulton,Renae Hovey,Euan S. Harvey,Thomas H. Holmes,Gary A. Kendrick,Ben Radford,Ben Radford,Julia Santana-Garcon,Julia Santana-Garcon,Benjamin J. Saunders,Dan A. Smale,Dan A. Smale,Mads S. Thomsen,Mads S. Thomsen,Chenae A. Tuckett,Fernando Tuya,Mathew A. Vanderklift,Shaun K. Wilson +28 more
TL;DR: It is shown that extreme warming of a temperate kelp forest off Australia resulted not only in its collapse, but also in a shift in community composition that brought about an increase in herbivorous tropical fishes that prevent the reestablishment of kelp.
Journal ArticleDOI
A hierarchical approach to defining marine heatwaves
Alistair J. Hobday,Lisa V. Alexander,Sarah E. Perkins,Dan A. Smale,Dan A. Smale,Sandra C. Straub,Eric C. J. Oliver,Eric C. J. Oliver,Jessica A. Benthuysen,Michael T. Burrows,Markus G. Donat,Ming Feng,Neil J. Holbrook,Neil J. Holbrook,Pippa J. Moore,Hillary A. Scannell,Hillary A. Scannell,Alex Sen Gupta,Thomas Wernberg +18 more
TL;DR: In this article, a hierarchy of metrics that allow for different data sets to be used in identifying MHWs is proposed, which can be described by its duration, intensity, rate of evolution, and spatial extent.
Journal ArticleDOI
The broad footprint of climate change from genes to biomes to people
Brett R. Scheffers,Luc De Meester,Tom C. L. Bridge,Tom C. L. Bridge,Ary A. Hoffmann,John M. Pandolfi,Richard T. Corlett,Stuart H. M. Butchart,Stuart H. M. Butchart,Paul Pearce-Kelly,Kit M. Kovacs,David Dudgeon,Michela Pacifici,Carlo Rondinini,Wendy Foden,Tara G. Martin,Camilo Mora,David Bickford,James E. M. Watson,James E. M. Watson +19 more
TL;DR: The full range and scale of climate change effects on global biodiversity that have been observed in natural systems are described, and a set of core ecological processes that underpin ecosystem functioning and support services to people are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Marine heatwaves threaten global biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services
Dan A. Smale,Dan A. Smale,Thomas Wernberg,Eric C. J. Oliver,Eric C. J. Oliver,Eric C. J. Oliver,Mads S. Thomsen,Ben P. Harvey,Ben P. Harvey,Sandra C. Straub,Michael T. Burrows,Lisa V. Alexander,Jessica A. Benthuysen,Markus G. Donat,Markus G. Donat,Ming Feng,Alistair J. Hobday,Neil J. Holbrook,Sarah E. Perkins-Kirkpatrick,Hillary A. Scannell,Alex Sen Gupta,Ben L. Payne,Pippa J. Moore,Pippa J. Moore +23 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantify trends and attributes of extreme regional ocean warming (marine heatwaves, MHWs) across all ocean basins and examine their biological impacts from species to ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The tropicalization of temperate marine ecosystems: climate-mediated changes in herbivory and community phase shifts
Adriana Vergés,Peter D. Steinberg,Mark E. Hay,Alistair G. B. Poore,Alexandra H. Campbell,Enric Ballesteros,Kenneth L. Heck,David J. Booth,Melinda A. Coleman,David A. Feary,Will F. Figueira,Tim J. Langlois,Ezequiel M. Marzinelli,Toni Mizerek,Peter J. Mumby,Yohei Nakamura,Moninya Roughan,Erik van Sebille,Alex Sen Gupta,Dan A. Smale,Dan A. Smale,Fiona Tomas,Fiona Tomas,Thomas Wernberg,Shaun K. Wilson +24 more
TL;DR: It is argued that this phase shift is facilitated by poleward-flowing boundary currents that are creating ocean warming hotspots around the globe, enabling the range expansion of tropical species and increasing their grazing rates in temperate areas.
References
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PERMANOVA+ for PRIMER. Guide to software and statistical methods
Marti J. Anderson,Ray N. Gorley,Kelsey S. Clarke,Mary Anderson,Raymond N. Gorley,Kr Clarke,Mj Andersom +6 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparisons of Treatments After an Analysis of Variance in Ecology
Robert W. Day,Gerald P Quinn +1 more
TL;DR: The statistical literature on tests to compare treatments after the analysis of variance is reviewed, and the use of these tests in ecology is examined, and particular strategies are recommended.
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Kelp forest ecosystems: biodiversity, stability, resilience and future
Robert S. Steneck,Michael H. Graham,Bruce J. Bourque,Debbie Corbett,Jon M. Erlandson,James A. Estes,Mia J. Tegner +6 more
TL;DR: The conditions in which kelp forests develop globally and where, why and at what rate they become deforested are reviewed and overfishing appears to be the greatest manageable threat to kelp forest ecosystems over the 2025 time horizon.
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Attributing physical and biological impacts to anthropogenic climate change
Cynthia Rosenzweig,David J. Karoly,Marta Vicarelli,Peter Neofotis,Qigang Wu,Gino Casassa,Annette Menzel,Terry L. Root,Nicole Estrella,Bernard Seguin,Piotr Tryjanowski,Chunzhen Liu,Samuel Rawlins,Anton Imeson +13 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that anthropogenic climate change is having a significant impact on physical and biological systems globally and in some continents.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new generation of climate-change experiments: events, not trends
TL;DR: It is proposed that extreme events can be characterized by statistical extremity, timing, and abruptness relative to the life cycles of the organisms affected, and to test system response to changing magnitude and frequency of weather events, controlled experiments are useful tools.
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