An internal standardization procedure for spectrally resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging.

TLDR: Excimer laser fragmentation fluorescence spectroscopy using a 193 nm ArF excimer laser was used to detect atomic Pb emission from solid Pb NO3 and PbNO3 mixed into a soil, holding promise as a rapid and sensitive method for processing soil samples for assessing exposures or the effectiveness of soil remediation.

Abstract: Excimer laser fragmentation fluorescence spectroscopy using a 193 nm ArF excimer laser was used to detect atomic Pb emission from solid PbNO3 and PbNO3 mixed into a soil. The detection method differs from other solid ablation processes in that lower laser fluences can be used where there is no plasma generation and subsequent broadband emission; fluences above 2 J/cm2 resulted in plasma formation. The detection limit for PbNO3 in a single soil type is about 200 ppm, achieved with minimal sample preparation and an analysis time on the order of a minute. The technique holds promise as a rapid and sensitive method for processing soil samples for assessing exposures or the effectiveness of soil remediation.