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An introduction to engineering and engineering design
01 Jan 1969-
About: The article was published on 1969-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 99 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Civil engineering software & Biosystems engineering.
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8 citations
TL;DR: It is argued that approach related to complexity is the general mode of architectural design, simplified in many cases due to human inclination to reduce the number of simultaneously processed problems and usually resulting in some design flaws or failures.
Abstract: Can a design process be complex system? Can it fulfill various criteria related to complexity, while its goals are, usually, temporarily defined and the process itself is expected to provide particular solutions transferable into physical volumes and solid environmental components? It is apparent that the majority design cases do not follow traits and requirements of complexity, but this limitation seems to be related to natural tendency of simplification within architectural routines. Particularly public works, significant for the community, require the approach broadening the scope of understanding of spatial phenomenon, its role and its composition as a result of various programmatic, ideological, formal, and engineering aspects, embedded in complexity theoretical background. Seven principal components of complexity, given by Rzevski and Skobelev, are more or less explicitly or implicitly present in design practice, and in particular, in design process: connectivity, autonomy, emergence, non-equilibrium, nonlinearity and self-organization. The aspect of evolution is the least apparent and there are significant limitations to what can be achieved there, mostly the process can evolve, while designed substance rarely can follow in the same flexible manner. In the paper I will argue that approach related to complexity is the general mode of architectural design, simplified in many cases due to human inclination to reduce the number of simultaneously processed problems and usually resulting in some design flaws or failures. This complex structure of design process, exemplified in the paper as a particular research case – the process for local cultural center – is the basis, which can be furthermore simplified, contrary to the idea that it is more sophisticated, non-standard approach. Working not only with the client, but with various types of users is a typical architectural condition, implementing significant constraints and at the same time forcing multiple organization arrangements within the process. The case will provide the platform to discuss broader idea of design as complex environment for the architect.
8 citations
Cites methods from "An introduction to engineering and ..."
...The scientific approach to architectural design dates back to general engineering design research, and therefore it was built on foundations laid by Asimov et al. [1], Krick et al. [2], to name the few....
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...Starting from simple, linear concepts of the advancement of the process like Asimov’s model [3] or interdisciplinary depictions like in case of Krick [4], researchers...
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...Starting from simple, linear concepts of the advancement of the process like Asimov’s model [3] or interdisciplinary depictions like in case of Krick [4], researchers attempted to delineate the course of design which, however, was incompatible with the discipline of architecture mainly because of the fundamental difference described by John Zeisel....
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Proceedings Article•
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: The objective of this project is to improve the knowledge exchange between design participants of active roofs in product development as part of the total building design and its comfort-systems.
Abstract: "One of the core problems within construction industry is knowledge exchange between the different participants during the design- and engineering process (Lechner 1991, Cross 1992, Reymen 2001, van Aken 2005) To link the parts of the knowledge-triangle practice, education and research forms the basis for possible solutions - in the context of the building design-engineering (Quanjel a Zeiler 2003) This context can be represented by the Product-Process-Organization model (Bax a Trum 2000) At the Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TU/e) in collaboration with TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, first experiments to find a format for supporting Design Collaboration, started in 2000 Set up where training workshops for the members of BNA/ONRI (Royal Dutch Organization of Architects / Dutch Organization of Advisory Consultants), for design- teams including participants with the same educational background More recent, a firs set up was done for design teams with participants with different educational backgrounds These quasi-experiments (Campell a Stanley 1971) are coupled on the basis of a concrete task from the practice and the PhD-research EURACTIVE ROOFer by E Quanjel at the TU/e-TNO The objective of this project is to improve the knowledge exchange between design participants of active roofs in product development as part of the total building design and its comfort-systems Salter and Gann (2002) found that face-to-face interaction and the use of sketching are still the most important elements for developing new ideas and solving problems Given this aspect and the characteristics of the problem definition, a methodology to support the design team during the development of the building design is introduced This method is based on the Methodical design methodology; a matrix orientated approach used in the mechanical engineering domain (van den Kroonenberg 1978) Within the setting of Methodical Design several design-support tools are used: the Morphological Overview and the Kesselring method (Zwicky 1969, Kesselring 1954) These practical tools from the theoretical method are connected with the design practice, as reflexive practice, through quasi-experiments for architects and roofer engineers (Schoen 1983) The experiments will be done in a serial with feed-back; the Kesselring-method as well as the results of the quasi experiments itself To distinguish the knowledge-exchange aspects, Bales' Interaction Process Analysis model is used (Bales 1950, Emmit a Gorse, 2007) The result of these experiments is a design decision support tool for both architects and roofer-engineers in the setting of Collaborative Design
8 citations
TL;DR: This paper is concerned with using the digital computer as an aid to the solution of a class of multivariable design problems and reports some experience.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with using the digital computer as an aid to the solution of a class of multivariable design problems and reports some experience. The input to the computer is a set of design variables and a set of interactions between these variables, while the output consists of a hierarchy of groups of highly interacting variables. Both the preparation of the input and the interpretation of the output depend on subjective decisions by the designer using the computer. A specific application was therefore investigated in which different sets of inputs were compiled by three different designers, using 18, 38, 58 and 185 variables. The four outputs were analysed to compare their usefulness as a design aid in proportion to the effort required for their preparation. An IBM 7044 computer was used and a guide is given for the estimation of program running times on this machine.
8 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: This document breaches copyright law and should be removed from the public portal immediately.
Abstract: • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
8 citations
Additional excerpts
...• Automate routine and iterative tasks, such as searching and optimisation (Krick, 1969)....
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