An Overview of Heavy-Metal Removal from Water with Biochar
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors focused on the concept and properties of biochar, mechanisms and affecting factors for biochar interactions with metals and discussed the future research direction in waste water treatment.
Abstract: 生物炭(Biochar)是动植物材料经厌氧限温裂解制备而成的一种碳含量丰富的稳定性多孔炭。由于其丰富的孔隙结构和独特的表面化学性质而具有良好的吸附性，且廉价易加工，被广泛应用于废水重金属处理中。本文对生物炭的概念、基本特性、生物炭吸附废水中重金属的机理与影响吸附的因素等进行了综述，并探讨了生物炭在重金属废水处理中未来的研究方向。 Biochar is a stable carbon-rich product synthesized through pyrolysis/carbonization of plant- and animal-based biomass. Due to its abundant pore structure, unique chemical properties, adsorption capacities, cheap cost and easy processing, biochar has been widely applied to heavy-metal wastewater treatment. This review focused on the concept and properties of biochar, mechanisms and affecting factors of biochar interactions with metals and discussed the future research direction in waste water treatment.
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TL;DR: Due to complexity of soil-water system in nature, the effectiveness of biochars on remediation of various organic/inorganic contaminants is still uncertain.
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TL;DR: A review of recent applications of biochars, produced from biomass pyrolysis (slow and fast), in water and wastewater treatment, and a few recommendations for further research have been made in the area of biochar development for application to water filtration.
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TL;DR: Results from this study indicated that dairy manure can be converted into value-added biochar as effective sorbent for metal and/or organic contaminants.
Abstract: Biochar (BC) produced from agricultural crop residues has proven effective in sorbing organic contaminants. This study evaluated the ability of dairy-manure derived biochar to sorb heavy metal Pb and organic contaminant atrazine. Two biochar samples were prepared by heating dairy manure at low temperature of 200 degrees C (BC200) and 350 degrees C (BC350). The untreated manure (BC25) and a commercial activated C (AC) were included as controls. Sorption of Pb by biochar followed a dual Langmuir-Langmuir model, attributing to Pb precipitation (84-87%) and surface sorption (13-16%). Chemical speciation, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy indicated that Pb was precipitated as beta-Pb9(PO4)6 in BC25 and BC200 treatment, and as Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 in BC350. Lead sorption by AC obeyed a single Langmuir model, attributing mainly to surface sorption probably via coordination of Pb d-electron to C==C (pi-electron) and --0--Pb bonds. The biochar was 6 times more effective in Pb sorption than AC, with BC200 being the most effective (up to 680 mmol Pb kg(-1)). The biochar also effectively sorbed atrazine where atrazine was partitioned into its organic phase, whereas atrazine uptake by AC occurred via surface sorption. When Pb and atrazine coexisted, little competition occurred between the two for sorption on biochar, while strong competition was observed on AC. Results from this study indicated that dairy manure can be converted into value-added biochar as effective sorbent for metal and/or organic contaminants.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an effort has been made to give a brief idea of an approach to wastewater treatment, particularly discussing and highlighting in brief the low-cost alternative adsorbents with a view to utilizing these waste/low-cost materials.
Abstract: Industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities of humans have affected the environmental system, resulting in drastic problems such as global warming and the generation of wastewater containing high levels of pollutants. As water of good quality is a precious commodity and available in limited amounts, it has become highly imperative to treat wastewater for removal of pollutants. In addition, the rapid modernization of society has also led to the generation of huge amount of materials of little value that have no fruitful use. Such materials are generally considered as waste, and their disposal is a problem. Also, there are some materials that are available in nature that have little or no use. The utilization of all such materials as low-cost adsorbents for the treatment of wastewater may make them of some value. An effort has been made to give a brief idea of an approach to wastewater treatment, particularly discussing and highlighting in brief the low-cost alternative adsorbents with a view to utilizing these waste/low-cost materials.
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TL;DR: Lead sorption capacity and mechanisms by sludge-derived biochar (SDBC) were investigated to determine if treatment of acid mine drainage containing metals with SDBC is feasible, and may suggest that the application ofSDBC is a feasible strategy for removing metal contaminants from acid solutions.
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