An ultrasensitive and selective fluorescent nanosensor based on porphyrinic metal-organic framework nanoparticles for Cu2+ detection.
TL;DR: A fluorescent nanosensor based on porphyrinic metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MOF-525 NPs) is proposed for sensitive and selective monitoring of Cu2+ in aqueous solution and living cells and is successfully employed for the detection in water samples and the intracellular imaging of Cu 2+ in living cells, demonstrating its great potential in the sensing and biological fields.
Abstract: Detecting trace amounts of copper ions (Cu2+) is of high importance since copper is an essential element in the environment and the human body. Despite the recent advances in Cu2+ detection, the current approaches still suffer from insensitivity and lack of in situ detection in living cells. In the present work, a fluorescent nanosensor based on porphyrinic metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MOF-525 NPs) is proposed for sensitive and selective monitoring of Cu2+ in aqueous solution and living cells. The MOF-525 NPs with attractive properties, including ultrasmall size, good water dispersity and intense red fluorescence, are prepared via a facile and environment-friendly hydrothermal route. The fluorescence signal of MOF-525 NPs could be quenched statically by Cu2+ with high selectivity due to the strong affinity of Cu2+ to the porphyrin ligand in MOF-525. The proposed fluorescent nanosensor has a linear response in the range of 1.0-250 nM with a low detection limit of 220 pM. Furthermore, it is successfully employed for the detection of Cu2+ in water samples and the intracellular imaging of Cu2+ in living cells, demonstrating its great potential in the sensing and biological fields.
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TL;DR: This review mainly discusses two types of molecular porphyrin and porphirin composite sensors for metal ions detection, because porphyrs can be functionalized to improve their functional properties, which can introduce more chemical and functional sites.
Abstract: Porphyrins have planar and conjugated structures, good optical properties, and other special functional properties. Owing to these excellent properties, in recent years, porphyrins and their analogues have emerged as a multifunctional platform for chemical sensors. The rich chemistry of these molecules offers many possibilities for metal ions detection. This review mainly discusses two types of molecular porphyrin and porphyrin composite sensors for metal ions detection, because porphyrins can be functionalized to improve their functional properties, which can introduce more chemical and functional sites. According to the different application materials, the section of porphyrin composite sensors is divided into five sub-categories: (1) porphyrin film, (2) porphyrin metal complex, (3) metal-organic frameworks, (4) graphene materials, and (5) other materials, respectively.
50 citations
Cites background from "An ultrasensitive and selective flu..."
...Reprinted with permission from ref [58]....
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...Most of the reported porphyrin MOFs are copper ion detectors, such as Zr–MOF composite materials [encapsulating UiO-66(OH)2 into the porphyrin] [57] and MOF-525 nanoparticles (NPs) [58]....
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01 May 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address issues relevant to green nanotechnology for sustainable development for water/wastewater treatment for the sustainable development of global civilization is a matter of urgency and the development of cleaner and greener technologies with significant health and environmental benefits would be greatly influenced by nanotechnology.
Abstract: With the growth in the global human population, resource availability has become minimal. The creation of technology that is free of toxins for the remediation of the water/wastewater treatment for the sustainable development of global civilization is a matter of urgency. The development of cleaner and greener technologies with significant health and environmental benefits would be greatly influenced by nanotechnology. Nanotechnology technologies are being investigated for their potential to offer ways to remove water pollutants, as well as to increase the efficacy of conventional technologies used in environmental cleanup. Green nanotechnology is a nanotechnology area that envisions sustainability across a number of applications. This paper addresses issues relevant to green nanotechnology for sustainable development. Nanomaterials synthesis and applications have been used to solve water pollution by reducing the cumulative energy consumption during the synthesis or production process, the ability to recycle and manufacture new products and the use of environmentally friendly nanomaterials in water/wastewater remediation have been reviewed in the current study. Green nanotechnology offers choices to develop the next generation of water treatment systems.
48 citations
TL;DR: Benefiting from the good biocompatibility and water dispersibility of PCN-222 NRs, this nanoprobe was successfully employed in the intracellular imaging of phosphate, revealing its promising application in the biological science.
Abstract: Herein, a dual-modal fluorescent/colorimetric "Signal-On" nanoprobe based on PCN-222 nanorods (NRs) toward phosphate was proposed for the first time. Due to the high affinity of the zirconium node in PCN-222 NRs for phosphate, the structure collapse of PCN-222 NRs was triggered by phosphate, resulting in the release of the tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) ligand from PCN-222 NRs as well as the enhancement of fluorescence and absorbance signals. The PCN-222 NR-based nanoprobe could be employed for phosphate detection over a wide concentration range with a detection limit down to 23 nM. The practical application of the PCN-222 NR-based nanoprobe in real samples was evaluated. Moreover, benefitting from the good biocompatibility and water dispersibility of PCN-222 NRs, this nanoprobe was successfully employed in the intracellular imaging of phosphate, revealing its promising application in the biological science. The present work would greatly extend the potential of nanostructured MOFs in the sensing and biological fields.
37 citations
TL;DR: A metal-organic framework UiO-66-(COOH)2 has been synthesized and is further functionalized with Tb3+ through coordination interactions and is developed as an excellent fluorescent probe to monitor Cu2+ ions in aqueous media by fluorescence quenching effect.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the recent progress on the development of nanocomposites classified according to their structure as carbon, metallic, and metal oxide/hydroxide nanomaterials is summarized, alongside their application as electrochemical nanosensors for trace metals detection in water matrices.
Abstract: The elevated concentrations of various trace metals beyond existing guideline recommendations in water bodies have promoted research on the development of various electrochemical nanosensors for the trace metals’ early detection. Inspired by the exciting physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials, advanced functional nanocomposites with improved sensitivity, sensitivity and stability, amongst other performance parameters, have been synthesized, characterized, and applied on the detection of various trace metals in water matrices. Nanocomposites have been perceived as a solution to address a critical challenge of distinct nanomaterials that are limited by agglomerations, structure stacking leading to aggregations, low conductivity, and limited porous structure for electrolyte access, amongst others. In the past few years, much effort has been dedicated to the development of various nanocomposites such as; electrochemical nanosensors for the detection of trace metals in water matrices. Herein, the recent progress on the development of nanocomposites classified according to their structure as carbon nanocomposites, metallic nanocomposites, and metal oxide/hydroxide nanocomposites is summarized, alongside their application as electrochemical nanosensors for trace metals detection in water matrices. Some perspectives on the development of smart electrochemical nanosensors are also introduced.
27 citations
References
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1,904 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that this facile methodology can offer a rapid, reliable, and selective detection of Cu(2+) with a detection limit as low as 6 nM and a dynamic range from 10 to 1100 nM.
Abstract: A novel sensing system has been designed for Cu2+ ion detection based on the quenched fluorescence (FL) signal of branched poly(ethylenimine) (BPEI)-functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) Cu2+ ions can be captured by the amino groups of the BPEI-CQDs to form an absorbent complex at the surface of CQDs, resulting in a strong quenching of the CQDs’ FL via an inner filter effect Herein, we have demonstrated that this facile methodology can offer a rapid, reliable, and selective detection of Cu2+ with a detection limit as low as 6 nM and a dynamic range from 10 to 1100 nM Furthermore, the detection results for Cu2+ ions in a river water sample obtained by this sensing system agreed well with that by inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry, suggesting the potential application of this sensing system
872 citations
TL;DR: Two porphyrin-containing MOFs were metalated with iron(III) and copper(II) to yield the metalated analogues without losing their high surface area and chemical stability.
Abstract: Three new metal–organic frameworks [MOF-525, Zr6O4(OH)4(TCPP-H2)3; MOF-535, Zr6O4(OH)4(XF)3; MOF-545, Zr6O8(H2O)8(TCPP-H2)2, where porphyrin H4-TCPP-H2 = (C48H24O8N4) and cruciform H4-XF = (C42O8H22)] based on two new topologies, ftw and csq, have been synthesized and structurally characterized. MOF-525 and -535 are composed of Zr6O4(OH)4 cuboctahedral units linked by either porphyrin (MOF-525) or cruciform (MOF-535). Another zirconium-containing unit, Zr6O8(H2O)8, is linked by porphyrin to give the MOF-545 structure. The structure of MOF-525 was obtained by analysis of powder X-ray diffraction data. The structures of MOF-535 and -545 were resolved from synchrotron single-crystal data. MOF-525, -535, and -545 have Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas of 2620, 1120, and 2260 m2/g, respectively. In addition to their large surface areas, both porphyrin-containing MOFs are exceptionally chemically stable, maintaining their structures under aqueous and organic conditions. MOF-525 and -545 were metalated with i...
705 citations
TL;DR: Electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis show that the small-molecule-encapsulated ZIF-8 nanospheres are uniform 70 nm particles with single-crystalline structure, thereby rendering the Zif-8 scaffold an ideal drug delivery vehicle.
Abstract: We have developed a general synthetic route to encapsulate small molecules in monodisperse zeolitic imid-azolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanospheres for drug delivery. Electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis show that the small-molecule-encapsulated ZIF-8 nanospheres are uniform 70 nm particles with single-crystalline structure. Several small molecules, including fluorescein and the anticancer drug camptothecin, were encapsulated inside of the ZIF-8 framework. Evaluation of fluorescein-encapsulated ZIF-8 nanospheres in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line demonstrated cell internalization and minimal cytotoxicity. The 70 nm particle size facilitates cellular uptake, and the pH-responsive dissociation of the ZIF-8 framework likely results in endosomal release of the small-molecule cargo, thereby rendering the ZIF-8 scaffold an ideal drug delivery vehicle. To confirm this, we demonstrate that camptothecin encapsulated ZIF-8 particles show enhanced cell death, indicative of internaliza...
678 citations
TL;DR: It is envisioned that MOFs can be a promising nanoplatform by adopting advanced small molecule systems into the tunable framework with room for postsynthetic modification, following the finding of size controllability covering a broad range in the nano regime.
Abstract: The understanding of nanomaterials for targeted cancer therapy is of great importance as physical parameters of nanomaterials have been shown to be strong determinants that can promote cellular responses. However, there have been rare platforms that can vastly tune the core of nanoparticles at a molecular level despite various nanomaterials employed in such studies. Here we show targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) with Zr(IV)-based porphyrinic metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles. Through a bottom-up approach, the size of MOF nanoparticles was precisely tuned in a broad range with a designed functional motif, built upon selection of building blocks of the MOF. In particular, molecular properties of the porphyrinic linker are maintained in the MOF nanoparticles regardless of their sizes. Therefore, size-dependent cellular uptake and ensuing PDT allowed for screening of the optimal size of MOF nanoparticles for PDT while MOF nanoparticle formulation of the photosensitizer showed better PDT efficacy t...
612 citations