Analysing the concrete compressive strength using Pearson and Spearman
20 Apr 2017-Vol. 2, pp 215-218
TL;DR: In this paper, the estimations of Pearson's concrete compressive strength coefficient and Spearman's rank relationship coefficient and in addition their factual hugeness for various arrangements of information depicting provincial records of the financial advancement are compared.
Abstract: Spearman's rank relationship coefficient is a nonparametric (dispersion free) rank measurement. Spearman's coefficient is not a measure of the direct relationship between two factors, as a few ”analysts” proclaim. Pearson's relationship coefficient is the covariance of the two factors separated by the result of their standard deviations. The possibility of the paper is to look at the estimations of Pearson's concrete compressive strength coefficient and Spearman's rank relationship coefficient and in addition their factual hugeness for various arrangements of information depicting provincial records of the financial advancement. In this, the Spearman correlation coefficient is based on the ranked values for each variable rather than the raw data. Spearman correlation is often used to evaluate relationships involving ordinal variables. The Pearson and Spearman's method is compared with the rank coefficient in the concrete compressive strength.
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of concrete columns conbined with carbon and glass FRP composite tubes was evaluated under uniaxial compressive load and showed that external confinement of concrete by FRP tubes can significantly enhance the strength, ductility, and energy absorption capacity of concrete.
Abstract: New types of structural columns are being developed for new construction. They are made of concrete-encased fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tubes. The concrete-filled FRP tubes are cast in place. The tube acts as formwork, protective jacket, confinement, and shear and flexural reinforcement. It can also be used to complement or replace conventional steel reinforcement of the column. This paper presents the results of experimental and analytical studies of the performance of concrete columns conbined with carbon and glass FRP composite tubes. Concrete-filled FRP tubes are instrumented and tested under uniaxial compressive load. Test variables include type of fiber, thickness of tube, and concrete compressive strength. Results show that external confinement of concrete by FRP tubes can significantly enhance the strength, ductility, and energy absorption capacity of concrete. Equations to predict the compressive strength and failure strain, as well as the entire stress-strain curve of concrete-filled FRP tubes were developed. A comparison between the experimental results and those of analytical results indicate that the proposed model provides satisfactory predictions of ultimate compressive strength, failure strain, and stress-strain response. The study shows that the available models generally overestimate the strength of concrete confined by FRP tubes, resulting in unsafe design.
403 citations
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260 citations
"Analysing the concrete compressive ..." refers background in this paper
...The concrete strength varies with the applicability needs [1], [5], [12], [23], [26], and its effects vary with materials [3], [7], [9], [14], [16], [21], [25]....
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TL;DR: Analytical results suggested that MART-based modeling is effective for predicting the compressive strength of varying HPC age, and cross-validation of unbiased estimates of the prediction models for performance comparison purposes indicated that multiple additive regression tree (MART) was superior in prediction accuracy, training time, and aversion to overfitting.
Abstract: This study attempts to optimize the prediction accuracy of the compressive strength of high-performance concrete (HPC) by comparing data-mining methods. Modeling the dynamics of HPC, which is a highly complex composite material, is extremely challenging. Concrete compressive strength is also a highly nonlinear function of ingredients. Several studies have independently shown that concrete strength is determined not only by the water-to-cement ratio but also by additive materials. The compressive strength of HPC is a function of all concrete content, including cement, fly ash, blast-furnace slag, water, superplasticizer, age, and coarse and fine aggregate. The quantitative analyses in this study were performed by using five different data-mining methods: two machine learning models (artificial neural networks and support vector machines), one statistical model (multiple regression), and two metaclassifier models (multiple additive regression trees and bagging regression trees). The methods were developed and tested against a data set derived from 17 concrete strength test laboratories. The cross-validation of unbiased estimates of the prediction models for performance comparison purposes indicated that multiple additive regression tree (MART) was superior in prediction accuracy, training time, and aversion to overfitting. Analytical results suggested that MART-based modeling is effective for predicting the compressive strength of varying HPC age. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487 .0000088. © 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Concrete; Compressive strength; Data collection; Artificial intelligence; Predictions. Author keywords: High-performance concrete; Compressive strength; Data mining; Computing intelligence; Predictive techniques.
252 citations
"Analysing the concrete compressive ..." refers background in this paper
...The concrete strength varies with the applicability needs [1], [5], [12], [23], [26], and its effects vary with materials [3], [7], [9], [14], [16], [21], [25]....
[...]
TL;DR: Validation results show that the EFSIMT achieves higher performance in comparison with Support Vector Machines and obtains results comparable with Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPN) and offers strong potential as a valuable predictive tool for HPC compressive strength.
102 citations
"Analysing the concrete compressive ..." refers background in this paper
...The concrete strength varies with the applicability needs [1], [5], [12], [23], [26], and its effects vary with materials [3], [7], [9], [14], [16], [21], [25]....
[...]
04 Jul 2013
TL;DR: Pell's RSA key generation and its security analyses over the standard RSA, N Prime RSA, Dual RSA, and the application of Pell's RSA, Blind signatures, are proposed.
Abstract: In this paper, a new variant of RSA has been proposed whose key generation method is distinct with the standard RSA. Generally the RSA family of variants can be applied at the secured channel to enhance its data trust level on various applications such as E-commerce, Internet applications, etc., The boundary level of the private key has been recommended here, to raise over these variant to stay away from the possibility of getting the Small `d' value either by continuous fraction method of Wiener's attack, or by Coppersmith's lattice based method of Boneh & Durfee attack, or by retrieving the Euler's totient function value by Fermat factorization method. This paper discusses the proposal of Pell's RSA key generation and its security analyses over the standard RSA, N Prime RSA, Dual RSA. Finally the application of Pell's RSA, Blind signatures, are proposed.
60 citations
"Analysing the concrete compressive ..." refers background in this paper
...[6], [8], [11], [13], [15], [18], [19], [20] and it is operated remotely to construct the object....
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