Analysis and Design of Surface Plasmon Resonance Waveguide for Sensing Application
01 Jan 2022-pp 107-116
TL;DR: In this paper, a surface plasmon resonance waveguide sensor operating in the visible wavelength range is presented for refractive index-based sensing, which can be used to sense analyte refractive indices based on the variation of the change in the resonant wavelength.
Abstract: A surface plasmon resonance waveguide sensor operating in the visible wavelength range is presented for refractive index-based sensing. The silver material is used because of its chemical stability and its strong electromagnetic fields on surface of the nanoparticle. The simulation and modeling of surface plasmon resonance sensor are discussed. The aluminum oxide surface coating material improves the resonance of the sensor because of its stable material properties in optical and chemical application. The three modes of the sensor discussed here are transfer electric, transfer magnetic and the surface plasmon waveguide mode. The effective index value of 1.5178 is observed for the surface plasmon mode of the SPR waveguide sensor. The attenuation loss of 21 dB/cm is obtained at visible wavelength. The sensitivity when averaged for two analyte refractive index is 354 nm/refractive index unit (RIU). The proposed surface plasmons resonance sensor is used as refractive index-based sensor for environmental and chemical monitoring. This proposed work can be used to sense analyte refractive index based on the variation of the change in the resonant wavelength.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the optical constants for the noble metals (copper, silver, and gold) from reflection and transmission measurements on vacuum-evaporated thin films at room temperature, in the spectral range 0.5-6.5 eV.
Abstract: The optical constants $n$ and $k$ were obtained for the noble metals (copper, silver, and gold) from reflection and transmission measurements on vacuum-evaporated thin films at room temperature, in the spectral range 0.5-6.5 eV. The film-thickness range was 185-500 \AA{}. Three optical measurements were inverted to obtain the film thickness $d$ as well as $n$ and $k$. The estimated error in $d$ was \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 2 \AA{}, and that in $n$, $k$ was less than 0.02 over most of the spectral range. The results in the film-thickness range 250-500 \AA{} were independent of thickness, and were unchanged after vacuum annealing or aging in air. The free-electron optical effective masses and relaxation times derived from the results in the near infrared agree satisfactorily with previous values. The interband contribution to the imaginary part of the dielectric constant was obtained by subtracting the free-electron contribution. Some recent theoretical calculations are compared with the results for copper and gold. In addition, some other recent experiments are critically compared with our results.
17,509 citations
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03 May 1988
TL;DR: In this article, surface plasmons on smooth surfaces were used for light scattering at rough surfaces without an ATR device, and surface plasmon on gratings for enhanced roughness.
Abstract: Surface plasmons on smooth surfaces.- Surface plasmons on surfaces of small roughness.- Surfaces of enhanced roughness.- Light scattering at rough surfaces without an ATR device.- Surface plasmons on gratings.- Conclusions.
4,890 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a distributed coupling between a dielectric waveguide and the surface plasmon mode in a metal-coated waveguide was proposed for the first time.
Abstract: Guided-wave optical biosensors have great potential for use in the field of environmental monitoring. In particular, planar waveguide technologies offer the possibility of producing compact, monolithic, multisensor devices which may be connected to instrumentation using optical fibres, allowing remote operation. Optical evanescent field sensing techniques presently under investigation include grating couplers, waveguide interferometers and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. In the latter case, the surface plasmon is generally excited using a "bulk" optical component such as a prism, and equipment using this technique is now commercially available. One potential advantage of the SPR technique is that the metal film which supports the surface plasmon may also be used as an electrode for electrochemical control of sensing reactions. However, recent reports have indicated that the "bulk" SPR devices may not ultimately be as sensitive as fully guided-wave approaches such as the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. An alternative to the "bulk" SPR devices which has recently emerged is the use of distributed coupling between a dielectric waveguide and the surface plasmon mode in a metal-coated waveguide. This has the advantage of combining greater design flexibility and the potential for monolithic integration with the well-established technique of SPR. However, at present no adequate model for the performance of these devices exists. ...
290 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waveguiding by SiO2 stripes on gold thin films is described by using the effective index method, which provides relatively large effective refractive indices compared to other SPP waveguide schemes.
Abstract: We report on surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waveguiding by SiO2 stripes on gold thin films. Compared to other SPP waveguide schemes, these systems provide relatively large effective refractive indices which can be described by the effective index method. By leakage radiation and near-field optical microscopy, we observe directly multimode and monomode behavior in straight SPP waveguides of different widths. Furthermore, we demonstrate waveguide bends and cross-talk free propagation across waveguide crossings.
271 citations