Analysis Techniques for the Power Spectral Density Estimation of Convolutionally Coded Impulse Radio UWB Signals Subject to Attenuation and Timing Jitter
TL;DR: A method for the spectral analysis of convolutionally coded Markov-driven impulse radio (IR)-based ultrawideband (UWB) systems is introduced, providing a spectral-line-free PSD for quaternary biorthogonal (PAM/PPM) modulation IR UWB systems.
Abstract: A method for the spectral analysis of convolutionally coded Markov-driven impulse radio (IR)-based ultrawideband (UWB) systems is introduced. Example applications in UWB systems include the study of pulse position modulation (PPM), pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM), biorthogonal modulation, and pulse-shape modulation combined with periodic (e.g., pseudorandom)/random time-hopping (TH), as well as periodic/random direct-sequence (DS) multiplication. The effects of random jitter and pulse attenuation are considered in this analysis. The final result allows simple examination of the power spectral density (PSD) of such signals. This result clearly delimitates the relative contributions of parameters that allow enhanced design of UWB systems. Application examples are presented for a new convolutional encoder, providing a spectral-line-free PSD for quaternary biorthogonal (PAM/PPM) modulation IR UWB systems.
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72 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple IR-UWBoF system using spectral line free (SLF) convolutional codes was proposed to address the spectral line suppression in power spectral density (PSD).
Abstract: The topic of spectral line suppression is of major importance when designing impulse radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB) systems. The presence of spectral lines in the power spectral density (PSD) may limit the maximum transmission power to comply with UWB regulations, thus, affecting the system performance. Although previous works have shown the advantages of IR-UWB over fiber (UWBoF) implementations, the topic of spectral line suppression in PSD in such systems has not been entirely addressed. This letter proposes a simple IR-UWBoF system using spectral line free (SLF) convolutional codes to address this topic. Experimental results show that the proposed system offers improved PSD characteristics compared to conventional IR-UWBoF implementations. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the proposed system is able to deliver SLF IR-UWB signals over single-mode fibers up to 30 km. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1712–1715, 2014
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel active W-band phase shifter implemented using IHP SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT) 0.25-mu m SG25H1 technology with three vector (0 degrees-120 degrees-240 degrees) sum technique is presented.
Abstract: This article presents a novel active W-band phase shifter implemented using IHP SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT) 0.25-mu m SG25H1 technology with three vector (0 degrees-120 degrees-240 degrees) sum technique. The integrated chip consists of a 3-way Wilkinson power divider/combiner with 0 degrees-120 degrees-240 degrees phase shifting lines and three low-noise amplifiers (LNA) working at 77 GHz, which comprises a total of 1.5 x 1.1 mm(2) die area. The phase shifting is based on the weighted sum of three vectors which have 120 degrees-angle separation so that all 360 degrees could be scanned with simple amplitude control only. The LNAs are fabricated using IHP technology and can be used successfully in the active phase shifter design. LNA measurement results show that a variable gain of 0-14 dB at 77 GHz can be obtained by sweeping the base voltage between 1.8 and 2.3 V. The simulation results of complete system, including power dividers, phase shifting lines, LNAs, power combiners show that phase can be adjusted by 360 degrees with a maximum gain of 1.8 dB. Input/output return loss for all the possible phase states are below 15 dB. The proposed phase shifter can be used in W-band applications for full scan of 360 degrees.
4 citations
TL;DR: This study investigates the spectrum shaping observed in ultra-wideband (UWB) communications and introduces an auxiliary independent signal (AIS) to limit undesired spectral lines because of periodicity or unbalanced data sources.
Abstract: This study investigates the spectrum shaping observed in ultra-wideband (UWB) communications. An auxiliary independent signal (AIS) to limit undesired spectral lines because of periodicity or unbalanced data sources (i.e. non-uniformly distributed) and or non-symmetric data modulation schemes are introduced. Each transmitted symbol is represented by a preamble AIS pulse followed by a set of transmitted data pulses that are weighted, delayed and summed in accordance with a predefined modulation. The use of the fifth derivative Gaussian pulse ensures that the UWB spectrum mask established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is met, and a preamble signal is designed to eliminate spectral lines at specific frequencies that appear mainly by existing balanced or unbalanced binary data sources. A unified spectral analysis is adapted for general uncorrelated and correlated quaternary bi-orthogonal modulations. An optimisation problem is also introduced in the case of unbalanced data sources in order to minimise undesired spectral lines subject to comply with the FCC spectrum mask and maximise spectral utilisation.
3 citations
References
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01 Jan 1983
25,017 citations
"Analysis Techniques for the Power S..." refers background or methods in this paper
...SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF THE SIGNAL MODEL The PSD expressions for MC-driven signals previously reported in [26]–[30] cannot be used for the spectral analysis of the signal model introduced in Section III....
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...MOORE–MARKOV ENCODER MODEL There exist several representations for convolutional encoders, such as generator matrices, transfer function matrices, trellis diagrams, and state–transition diagrams [30], [34], [35]....
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...Note that the change in the generators’ order does not affect the error-correction capabilities of the encoder [30], [34], [35]....
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...Another useful representation of a convolutional encoder is that of the state–transition diagrams [30], [34], [35]....
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01 Jan 1965
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the concept of a Random Variable, the meaning of Probability, and the axioms of probability in terms of Markov Chains and Queueing Theory.
Abstract: Part 1 Probability and Random Variables 1 The Meaning of Probability 2 The Axioms of Probability 3 Repeated Trials 4 The Concept of a Random Variable 5 Functions of One Random Variable 6 Two Random Variables 7 Sequences of Random Variables 8 Statistics Part 2 Stochastic Processes 9 General Concepts 10 Random Walk and Other Applications 11 Spectral Representation 12 Spectral Estimation 13 Mean Square Estimation 14 Entropy 15 Markov Chains 16 Markov Processes and Queueing Theory
13,886 citations
6,899 citations
"Analysis Techniques for the Power S..." refers background in this paper
...In particular, the period of an ergodic MC is defined by the period of any state as the period of all states is the same [32], [33], [37]....
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01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: An electromagnetic pulse counter having successively operable, contact-operating armatures that are movable to a rest position, an intermediate position and an active position between the main pole and the secondary pole of a magnetic circuit.
Abstract: An electromagnetic pulse counter having successively operable, contact-operating armatures. The armatures are movable to a rest position, an intermediate position and an active position between the main pole and the secondary pole of a magnetic circuit.
4,897 citations
"Analysis Techniques for the Power S..." refers methods in this paper
...The spectral analysis is performed using a method similar to that introduced in [ 31 ] for nonstationary processes, and therefore, the cyclostationary hypothesis is not addressed....
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...The method followed in this paper is based on the average autocorrelation and average power spectrum of nonstationary processes, as introduced in [ 31 ], and on the properties of discrete stationary MCs [32], [33]....
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01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: This book explains coding for Reliable Digital Transmission and Storage using Trellis-Based Soft-Decision Decoding Algorithms for Linear Block Codes and Convolutional Codes, and some of the techniques used in this work.
Abstract: 1. Coding for Reliable Digital Transmission and Storage. 2. Introduction to Algebra. 3. Linear Block Codes. 4. Important Linear Block Codes. 5. Cyclic Codes. 6. Binary BCH Codes. 7. Nonbinary BCH Codes, Reed-Solomon Codes, and Decoding Algorithms. 8. Majority-Logic Decodable Codes. 9. Trellises for Linear Block Codes. 10. Reliability-Based Soft-Decision Decoding Algorithms for Linear Block Codes. 11. Convolutional Codes. 12. Trellis-Based Decoding Algorithms for Convolutional Codes. 13. Sequential and Threshold Decoding of Convolutional Codes. 14. Trellis-Based Soft-Decision Algorithms for Linear Block Codes. 15. Concatenated Coding, Code Decomposition ad Multistage Decoding. 16. Turbo Coding. 17. Low Density Parity Check Codes. 18. Trellis Coded Modulation. 19. Block Coded Modulation. 20. Burst-Error-Correcting Codes. 21. Automatic-Repeat-Request Strategies.
3,848 citations
"Analysis Techniques for the Power S..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Consequently, several regulatory bodies have established emission limits for UWB devices in the form of power spectral density (PSD) masks [e.g., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)] [4]....
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...The PSD derivations of convolutionally coded signals reported in [22] and [25] use the binary and q-ary connection matrix representations of the encoder, respectively....
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