Anatomy of the Dicotyledons.
About: This article is published in American Midland Naturalist.The article was published on 1950-11-01. It has received 2511 citations till now.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: It is proposed that girdling by notodontids, together with related furrowing and leaf-clipping behaviors exhibited by diverse caterpillar groups, serve at least in part to introduce salivary components to exposed vascular tissues; these compounds presumably function to suppress plant defensive responses normally elicited by caterpillar feeding.
Abstract: Caterpillars of the notodontid Oedemasia leptinoides (formerly Schizura) use their mandibles to cut shallow girdles that encircle the petioles and stems of tree hosts. When girdles are complete, the larvae bathe the girdle surface with fluid. We test whether the fluid originates from the labial salivary glands or ventral eversible gland by blocking the openings to the glands and observing whether fluid is still released onto the girdles. Only larvae with functional labial salivary glands anointed girdles with fluid. Analysis of girdle rinses for a prominent salivary enzyme, glucose oxidase, confirmed that larvae apply saliva and documented that application occurs primarily at the end of girdling. We propose that girdling by notodontids, together with related furrowing and leaf-clipping behaviors exhibited by diverse caterpillar groups, serve at least in part to introduce salivary components to exposed vascular tissues; these compounds presumably function to suppress plant defensive responses normally elicited by caterpillar feeding.
16 citations
16 citations
TL;DR: Leaves of Bruniaceae are basically linear with an apicula that contains phellogen activity, and details of epidermal cell shape, cuticular relief and trichome form and structure based on scanning electron microscopy are given.
16 citations
TL;DR: It is verified that cavities, not ducts, permeate the goldenrod plant.
Abstract: The anatomy of internal secretory spaces in immature and mature aerial stems, rhizomes, and roots of common goldenrod, Solidago canadensis (Asteraceae, tribe Astereae), was studied from resin-embedded samples cut 1–2 μm thick. Oil-filled cavities of different lengths, each lined by a uniseriate epithelium, form in young stems and rhizomes. Epithelial cells enlarge and elongate, and some continue to divide mitotically. The cavities thereby expand and accommodate themselves to the growing stem and rhizome. Septa are sometimes forced open by this enlargement, which merges adjacent cavities. Oil reservoirs in roots are probably also cavities, but their lack of densely cytoplasmic epithelial cells prevented us from locating the end walls. Cavities in stem, root, and the cortex of rhizomes occur only as one median file located just outside of each phloem strand; in the pith of rhizomes, however, several files of cavities of larger diameter seem randomly distributed. This study extends our earlier findings that the oil reservoirs in leaves of this species are cavities; we have therefore verified that cavities, not ducts, permeate the goldenrod plant.
15 citations
TL;DR: Fagus has the first four trichome types and exhibits seasonal as well as ecotypic and geographic variation in the density of the density, but lacks a consistent qualitative difference correlated with the proposed races or infraspecific taxa.
Abstract: Department of Botany, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612 HARDIN, J. W. AND G. P. JOHNSON (Dept. of Botany, N. C. State Univ., Raleigh, NC 276957612). Atlas of foliar surface features in woody plants, VIII. Fagus and Castanea (Fagaceae) of eastern North America. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 112: 11-20. 1985.-Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine foliar surfaces of Fagus grandifolia and the species of Castanea native in eastern North America. Six trichome types are recognized in this survey: simple, bulbous, solitary, acicular, fasciculate, and stellate. Fagus has the first four of these and exhibits seasonal as well as ecotypic and geographic variation in the density of the vestiture, but lacks a consistent qualitative difference correlated with the proposed races or infraspecific taxa. Castanea has all six trichome types and there are some differences in trichome complements and density that are taxonomically useful. There are two cuticular types represented plus the presence of epicuticular wax in some taxa.
15 citations