Antibacterial activity and mechanism of silver nanoparticles on Escherichia coli.

doi:10.1007/S00253-009-2159-5

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Antibacterial activity and mechanism of silver nanoparticles on Escherichia coli.

Journal Article•DOI•

Antibacterial activity and mechanism of silver nanoparticles on Escherichia coli.

Wen-Ru Li, Xiao-Bao Xie, Qing-Shan Shi, Haiyan Zeng, You-Sheng Ouyang, Yi-Ben Chen - Show less +2 more

01 Jan 2010-Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (Springer-Verlag)-Vol. 85, Iss: 4, pp 1115-1122

TL;DR: The combined results suggested that SNPs may damage the structure of bacterial cell membrane and depress the activity of some membranous enzymes, which cause E. coli bacteria to die eventually.

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Abstract: The antibacterial activity and acting mechanism of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) on Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 were investigated in this study by analyzing the growth, permeability, and morphology of the bacterial cells following treatment with SNPs. The experimental results indicated 10 microg/ml SNPs could completely inhibit the growth of 10(7) cfu/ml E. coli cells in liquid Mueller-Hinton medium. Meanwhile, SNPs resulted in the leakage of reducing sugars and proteins and induced the respiratory chain dehydrogenases into inactive state, suggesting that SNPs were able to destroy the permeability of the bacterial membranes. When the cells of E. coli were exposed to 50 microg/ml SNPs, many pits and gaps were observed in bacterial cells by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the cell membrane was fragmentary, indicating the bacterial cells were damaged severely. After being exposed to 10 microg/ml SNPs, the membrane vesicles were dissolved and dispersed, and their membrane components became disorganized and scattered from their original ordered and close arrangement based on TEM observation. In conclusion, the combined results suggested that SNPs may damage the structure of bacterial cell membrane and depress the activity of some membranous enzymes, which cause E. coli bacteria to die eventually.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Antimicrobial activity of metals: mechanisms, molecular targets and applications

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Joseph Lemire¹, Joe J. Harrison², Raymond J. Turner¹•Institutions (2)

University of Calgary¹, University of Washington²

01 Jun 2013-Nature Reviews Microbiology

TL;DR: The chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals are described and the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets are discussed.

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Abstract: Metals have been used as antimicrobial agents since antiquity, but throughout most of history their modes of action have remained unclear. Recent studies indicate that different metals cause discrete and distinct types of injuries to microbial cells as a result of oxidative stress, protein dysfunction or membrane damage. Here, we describe the chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals and discuss the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets. Interdisciplinary research is advancing not only our understanding of metal toxicity but also the design of metal-based compounds for use as antimicrobial agents and alternatives to antibiotics.

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1,899 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Properties, Applications, and Therapeutic Approaches

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Xi Feng Zhang¹, Zhiguo Liu¹, Wei Shen², Sangiliyandi Gurunathan³•Institutions (3)

Wuhan Polytechnic University¹, Qingdao Agricultural University², Konkuk University³

13 Sep 2016-International Journal of Molecular Sciences

TL;DR: This review extensively discusses the multifunctional bio-applications of AgNPs; for example, as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral,Anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer agents, and the mechanism of the anti- cancer activity of Ag NPs.

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Abstract: Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology radically changed the way we diagnose, treat, and prevent various diseases in all aspects of human life. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most vital and fascinating nanomaterials among several metallic nanoparticles that are involved in biomedical applications. AgNPs play an important role in nanoscience and nanotechnology, particularly in nanomedicine. Although several noble metals have been used for various purposes, AgNPs have been focused on potential applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we discuss the synthesis of AgNPs using physical, chemical, and biological methods. We also discuss the properties of AgNPs and methods for their characterization. More importantly, we extensively discuss the multifunctional bio-applications of AgNPs; for example, as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer agents, and the mechanism of the anti-cancer activity of AgNPs. In addition, we discuss therapeutic approaches and challenges for cancer therapy using AgNPs. Finally, we conclude by discussing the future perspective of AgNPs.

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1,720 citations

Cites background from "Antibacterial activity and mechanis..."

...Recently, AgNPs have been frequently used in many textiles, keyboards, wound dressings, and biomedical devices [2,5,6]....
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...Furthermore, AgNPs are able to destroy the permeability of the bacterial membranes via the generation of many pits and gaps, indicating that AgNPs could damage the structure of the bacterial cell membrane [2]....
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...bacterial membranes via the generation of many pits and gaps, indicating that AgNPs could damage the structure of the bacterial cell membrane [2]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant extracts.

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Amit Kumar Mittal, Yusuf Chisti¹, Uttam Chand Banerjee•Institutions (1)

Massey University¹

01 Mar 2013-Biotechnology Advances

TL;DR: The methods of making nanoparticles using plant extracts are reviewed, methods of particle characterization are reviewed and potential applications of the particles in medicine are discussed.

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1,706 citations

Cites background from "Antibacterial activity and mechanis..."

...Extensive literature exists on the mechanisms of antimicrobial action of silver and gold nanoparticles (Chaloupka et al., 2010; Cui et al., 2012; Li et al., 2010)....
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...Silver nanoparticles are known to affect the permeability of membranes of microbial and other cells (Li et al., 2010)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Polymeric materials with antimicrobial activity

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Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla¹, Marta Fernández-García¹•Institutions (1)

Spanish National Research Council¹

01 Jan 2013-Progress in Polymer Science

TL;DR: The state of the art in the field of antimicrobial polymeric systems during the last decade is described in this paper, where a classification of the different materials is carried out dividing basically those synthetic polymers that exhibit antimicrobial activity by themselves; those whose biocidal activity is conferred through their chemical modification; those that incorporate antimicrobial organic compounds with either low or high molecular weight; and those that involve the addition of active inorganic systems.

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1,063 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Silver nanoparticles: A new view on mechanistic aspects on antimicrobial activity

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Nelson Durán¹, Marcela Durán¹, Marcelo Bispo de Jesus¹, Amedea B. Seabra², Wagner José Fávaro¹, Gerson Nakazato³ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (3)

State University of Campinas¹, Federal University of São Paulo², Universidade Estadual de Londrina³

01 Apr 2016-Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine

TL;DR: This overview incorporates a retrospective of previous reviews published from 2007 to 2013 and recent original contributions on the progress of research on antimicrobial mechanisms to summarize the current knowledge in the field of antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles.

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1,055 citations

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References

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Open Access

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Journal Article•DOI•

A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding

[...]

Marion M. Bradford¹•Institutions (1)

University of Georgia¹

07 May 1976-Analytical Biochemistry

TL;DR: This assay is very reproducible and rapid with the dye binding process virtually complete in approximately 2 min with good color stability for 1 hr with little or no interference from cations such as sodium or potassium nor from carbohydrates such as sucrose.

...read moreread less

225,085 citations

"Antibacterial activity and mechanis..." refers methods in this paper

...The sample was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm, the supernatant liquid was frozen at −30°C immediately, and then the concentrations of reducing sugars and proteins were determined as soon as possible (Bradford 1976; Miller 1959)....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Use of Dinitrosalicylic Acid Reagent for Determination of Reducing Sugar

[...]

G. L. Miller

01 Mar 1959-Analytical Chemistry

25,389 citations

"Antibacterial activity and mechanis..." refers methods in this paper

...The sample was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm, the supernatant liquid was frozen at −30°C immediately, and then the concentrations of reducing sugars and proteins were determined as soon as possible (Bradford 1976; Miller 1959)....
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...One milliliter culture was sampled from the cultures when SNPs were added into cultures and after being treated for 2 or 4 h. The sample was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm, the supernatant liquid was frozen at �30°C immediately, and then the concentrations of reducing sugars and proteins were determined as soon as possible (Bradford 1976; Miller 1959 )....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria

[...]

Ivan Sondi, Branka Salopek-Sondi

01 Jul 2004-Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.

...read moreread less

5,309 citations

"Antibacterial activity and mechanis..." refers background in this paper

...It has been shown that SNPs prepared with a variety of synthetic methods have effective antimicrobial activity (Lok et al. 2006; Baker et al. 2005; Aymonier et al. 2002; Melaiye et al. 2005; Sondi and Salopek-Sondi 2004; Kim et al. 2008a, b; Lee et al. 2008; Alt et al. 2004)....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials.

[...]

Mahendra Rai¹, Alka Yadav¹, Aniket Gade¹•Institutions (1)

Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University¹

01 Jan 2009-Biotechnology Advances

TL;DR: Silver nanoparticles have emerged up with diverse medical applications ranging from silver based dressings, silver coated medicinal devices, such as nanogels, nanolotions, etc, due to its capability of modulating metals into their nanosize.

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5,014 citations

"Antibacterial activity and mechanis..." refers background in this paper

...Though the mode of action of SNPs on the bacteria is still unknown, its possible mechanism of action has been suggested according to the morphological and structural changes in the bacterial cells (Rai et al. 2009)....
[...]
...Consequently, the nanoparticles preferably attack the respiratory chain, cell division finally leading to cell death (Rai et al. 2009)....
[...]
...And the acting mechanism of silver has been known in some extent (Rai et al. 2009)....
[...]
...The SNPs show efficient antimicrobial property compared with other salts due to their extremely large surface area, which provides better contact with microorganisms (Rai et al. 2009)....
[...]

Journal Article•DOI•

Proteomic analysis of the mode of antibacterial action of silver nanoparticles

[...]

Chun-Nam Lok¹, Chi-Ming Ho¹, Rong Chen¹, Qing-Yu He¹, Wing-Yiu Yu¹, Hongzhe Sun¹, Paul K.H. Tam¹, Jen-Fu Chiu¹, Chi-Ming Che¹ - Show less +5 more•Institutions (1)

University of Hong Kong¹

16 Mar 2006-Journal of Proteome Research

TL;DR: Silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag) are potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents and appear to be an efficient physicochemical system conferring antimicrobial silver activities.

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Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag) are potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. In this study, spherical nano-Ag (average diameter = 9.3 nm) particles were synthesized using a borohydride reduction method and the mode of their antibacterial action against E. coli was investigated by proteomic approaches (2-DE and MS identification), conducted in parallel to analyses involving solutions of Ag+ ions. The proteomic data revealed that a short exposure of E. coli cells to antibacterial concentrations of nano-Ag resulted in an accumulation of envelope protein precursors, indicative of the dissipation of proton motive force. Consistent with these proteomic findings, nano-Ag were shown to destabilize the outer membrane, collapse the plasma membrane potential and deplete the levels of intracellular ATP. The mode of action of nano-Ag was also found to be similar to that of Ag+ ions (e.g., Dibrov, P. et al, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2002, 46, 2668−2670); however, the effective concentrations of nano-Ag and Ag...

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1,418 citations

"Antibacterial activity and mechanis..." refers background in this paper

...It has been known that silver and its compounds have strong inhibitory and bactericidal effects as well as a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities for bacteria, fungi, and virus since ancient times (Lok et al. 2006; Cho et al. 2005; Silver 2003)....
[...]
...This indicates that SNPs may target at the bacterial membrane, leading to a dissipation of the proton motive force (Lok et al. 2006)....
[...]
...It has been shown that SNPs prepared with a variety of synthetic methods have effective antimicrobial activity (Lok et al. 2006; Baker et al. 2005; Aymonier et al. 2002; Melaiye et al. 2005; Sondi and Salopek-Sondi 2004; Kim et al. 2008a, b; Lee et al. 2008; Alt et al. 2004)....
[...]
...Nanometer-sized silver particles have been known for a long time but have been paid little attention (Lok et al. 2006)....
[...]