Antibacterial activity of Coriandrum sativum L. and Foeniculum vulgare Miller Var. vulgare (Miller) essential oils.
23 Nov 2004-Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (American Chemical Society)-Vol. 52, Iss: 26, pp 7862-7866
TL;DR: The significant antibacterial activity of essential oils to the bacterial pathogens of mushrooms appears promising and may be useful natural bactericides for the control of bacterial diseases of plants and for seed treatment, in particular in organic agriculture.
Abstract: Essential oils were extracted from the fruits of Coriandrum sativum L. and Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. vulgare (Miller) and assayed in vitro for antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli and Bacillus megaterium, bacteria routinely used for comparison in the antimicrobial assays, and 27 phytopathogenic bacterial species and two mycopathogenic ones responsible for cultivated mushroom diseases. A significant antibacterial activity, as determined with the agar diffusion method, was shown by C. sativum essential oil whereas a much reduced effect was observed for F. vulgare var. vulgare oil. C. sativum and F. vulgare var. vulgare essential oils may be useful natural bactericides for the control of bacterial diseases of plants and for seed treatment, in particular, in organic agriculture. The significant antibacterial activity of essential oils to the bacterial pathogens of mushrooms appears promising.
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TL;DR: Findings suggest that, at least in part, the encountered beneficial effects of essential oils are due to prooxidant effects on the cellular level.
6,174 citations
Cites background from "Antibacterial activity of Coriandru..."
...…8–70% v/v MIC < 10% v/v MIC 0.39–2% v/v Pepeljnjak et al. (2005) Coriandrum sativum Foeniculum vulgare 27 phytopathogenic bacteria Two mycopathogenic species MIQ 217.5–6960lg MIQ 480–7680 lg Lo Cantore et al. (2004) Thymus algeriensis Four bacteria, two fungi, two yeasts MIC 0.5–1.0lL/mL…...
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TL;DR: A review of the bio-active properties of essential oils and their medicinal potential is presented in this article. But, the review is limited to essential oils extracted from plants by steam distillation and various solvents.
838 citations
TL;DR: Results presented here may suggest that the essential oils from T. hyemalis (thymol) followed by T. zygis (thcyol) and T. vulgaris possesses antimicrobial properties, and are a potential source of antimicrobial ingredients for the food industry.
590 citations
TL;DR: The mechanism of action of the essential oil against S. dysenteriae might be described as essential oil acting on membrane integrity according to the results of the leakage of electrolytes, the losses of contents, and electron microscopy observation.
449 citations
TL;DR: Antibacterial efficacy shown by these plants provides a scientific basis and thus, validates their traditional uses as homemade remedies, and proves the better/equal efficacy of some of these seed extracts as compared to standard antibiotics.
Abstract: Anethum graveolens Linn., Foeniculum vulgare Mill. and Trachyspermum ammi L. are widely used traditional medicinal plants to treat various ailments. To provide a scientific basis to traditional uses of these plants, their aqueous and organic seed extracts, as well as isolated phytoconstituents were evaluated for their antibacterial potential. Antibacterial activity of aqueous and organic seed extracts was assessed using agar diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration and viable cell count studies; and their antibacterial effect was compared with some standard antibiotics. The presence of major phytoconstituents was detected qualitatively and quantitatively. The isolated phytoconstituents were subjected to disc diffusion assay to ascertain their antibacterial effect. Hot water and acetone seed extracts showed considerably good antibacterial activity against all the bacteria except Klebsiella pneumoniae and one strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentration for aqueous and acetone seed extracts ranged from 20–80 mg/ml and 5–15 mg/ml respectively. Viable cell count studies revealed the bactericidal nature of the seed extracts. Statistical analysis proved the better/equal efficacy of some of these seed extracts as compared to standard antibiotics. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of 2.80 – 4.23% alkaloids, 8.58 – 15.06% flavonoids, 19.71 – 27.77% tannins, 0.55–0.70% saponins and cardiac glycosides. Antibacterial efficacy shown by these plants provides a scientific basis and thus, validates their traditional uses as homemade remedies. Isolation and purification of different phytochemicals may further yield significant antibacterial agents.
356 citations
Cites background from "Antibacterial activity of Coriandru..."
...The essential oils of these plants have been reported to possess antimicrobial activity [10-14]....
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References
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TL;DR: The current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity, are summarized and the structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals are addressed.
Abstract: The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethnopharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists, and natural-products chemists are combing the Earth for phytochemicals and “leads” which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants, none are used as antimicrobials. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions; Western medicine is trying to duplicate their successes. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties. This review attempts to summarize the current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity. The structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals are also addressed. Since many of these compounds are currently available as unregulated botanical preparations and their use by the public is increasing rapidly, clinicians need to consider the consequences of patients self-medicating with these preparations.
7,486 citations
TL;DR: Two simple media for the enhancement of pigment production by certain organisms of the Pseudomonas genus are described and the results of comparative studies employing these media, certain synthetic broths, and some commonly used dehydrated preparations are reported.
5,006 citations
TL;DR: In this article, some 900 Kovats' indices of 400 individual compounds on methyl silicone (dimethyl polysiloxane) and/or Carbowax 20M liquid phases are summarized from the general literature.
2,118 citations
TL;DR: The ability of tea tree oil to disrupt the permeability barrier of cell membrane structures and the accompanying loss of chemiosmotic control is the most likely source of its lethal action at minimum inhibitory levels.
Abstract: The essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Its mode of action against the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli AG100, the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8325, and the yeast Candida albicans has been investigated using a range of methods. We report that exposing these organisms to minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations of tea tree oil inhibited respiration and increased the permeability of bacterial cytoplasmic and yeast plasma membranes as indicated by uptake of propidium iodide. In the case of E. coli and Staph. aureus, tea tree oil also caused potassium ion leakage. Differences in the susceptibility of the test organisms to tea tree oil were also observed and these are interpreted in terms of variations in the rate of monoterpene penetration through cell wall and cell membrane structures. The ability of tea tree oil to disrupt the permeability barrier of cell membrane structures and the accompanying loss of chemiosmotic control is the most likely source of its lethal action at minimum inhibitory levels.
1,001 citations
TL;DR: To quantify the antibacterial properties of five essential oils on a non‐toxigenic strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the presence and absence of a stabilizer and an emulsifier and at three different temperatures.
Abstract: Aims: To quantify the antibacterial properties of five essential oils (EO) on a non-toxigenic strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the presence and absence of a stabilizer and an emulsifier and at three different temperatures.
Methods and Results: Five EOs known to exhibit antibacterial properties were screened by disc diffusion assay and the most active were selected for further study in microdilution colorimetric assays. Oregano (Origanum vulgare) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris; light and red varieties) EO had the strongest bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties, followed by bay (Pimenta racemosa) and clove bud (Eugenia caryophyllata synonym: Syzygium aromaticum) EO. Oregano oil was colicidal at 625 μl l−1 at 10, 20 and 37°C. The addition of 0·05% (w/v) agar as stabilizer reinforced the antibacterial properties, particularly at 10°C, whereas 0·25% (w/v) lecithin reduced antibacterial activity. Scanning electron micrographs showed extensive morphological changes to treated cells.
Conclusions: Oregano and thyme EO possess significant in vitro colicidal and colistatic properties, which are exhibited in a broad temperature range and substantially improved by the addition of agar as stabilizer. Bay and clove bud EO are less active. Lecithin diminished antibacterial properties. The bactericidal concentration of oregano EO irreversibly damaged E. coli O157:H7 cells within 1 min.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Oregano and light thyme EO, particularly when enhanced by agar stabilizer, may be effective in reducing the number or preventing the growth of E. coli O157:H7 in foods.
787 citations