Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Evolvulus nummularius.
TL;DR: The results from the study show that methanol extract of E.nummularius has antibacterial activity and the antioxidant activity may be attributed to the presence of tannins, flavonoids and triterpenoids in the methanal extract.
Abstract: Objective : To evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Evolvulus nummularius (L) L. Materials and Methods : Disc diffusion and broth serial dilution tests were used to determine the antibacterial activity of the methanol extract against two Gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilus NCIM 2718, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) and three Gram-negative bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 70063 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922). The methanol extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. Free radical scavenging activity of the methanol extract at different concentrations was determined with 2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Results : The susceptible organisms to the methanol extract were Escherichia coli (MIC=12.50 mg/ml) and Bacillus subtilus (MIC=3.125 mg/ml) and the most resistant strains were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The methanol extracts exhibited radical scavenging activity with IC50 of 350 μg/ml. Conclusion : The results from the study show that methanol extract of E.nummularius has antibacterial activity. The antioxidant activity may be attributed to the presence of tannins, flavonoids and triterpenoids in the methanol extract. The antibacterial and antioxidant activity exhibited by the methanol extract can be corroborated to the usage of this plant in Indian folk medicine.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of solvent relation, sonication time and amplitude on the ultrasound-assisted extraction of total polyphenols in Manililla mango residues (peel, endocarp and kernel) and antioxidant activity was evaluated.
Abstract: Manililla is a mango variety whose residues contain bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids, with high added value. The use of environmentally friendly extraction technology would be of great relevance; hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of solvent relation, sonication time and amplitude on the ultrasound-assisted extraction of total polyphenols in Manililla mango residues (peel, endocarp and kernel) and antioxidant activity. An experimental design 23 with a central point was used to evaluate the curvature behavior of the process variables. Conventional maceration was used as a control. The better conditions were obtained at the central point using 50% ethanol in water, 60% amplitude and 20 min of sonication time. We obtained values of up to 1814 mg GAE/100 g, 469 mg GAE/100 g and 672 mg GAE/100 g of total polyphenols and 1228 mg QE/100 g, 653 mg QE/100 g and 880 mg QE/100 g of total flavonoids for peel, endocarp and kernel, respectively. Mangiferin was quantified in ultrasound-assisted extraction at 150 mg/g in peel and 0.025 mg/g in the kernel, but it was not detectable in maceration. An antioxidant capacity of 87%, 14% and 83% inhibition for peel, endocarp and kernel, respectively, were obtained. Peel and kernel were the residues with higher potential as extraction material, while endocarp was not.
21 citations
Cites background from "Antibacterial and antioxidant activ..."
...A positive value exhibits an effect that favors the efficiency extraction, while a negative value indicates an inverse relationship or antagonistic effect between the factor and the response [36]....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a 3T3-L1 framework for triglyceride-based glycerol glycolic acid (GLG) glycerophase.
Abstract: 분화된 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물이 지방의 축적 및 분해에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물 안전범위(0～1000 ㎍/mL)에서 지방대사 관련한 여러 과정을 확인한 결과 600 ㎍/mL 이상의 농도에서 세포 내 지방축적이 억제되었고 특히 지방구 내의 triglyceride 함량이 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 대한 기전을 위해 포도당의 유입 억제로 인한 세포 내 triglyceride의 합성감소와 지방분해효소의 활성화로 인한 세포 내 triglyceride의 분해 증가의 두 가지로 확인하였다. 우선적으로 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물의 포도당 유입 억제 효과를 실험하였지만 아무런 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 지방분해효소 중 LPL을 제외한 HSL과 ATGL의 유전자 발현이 증가됨에 따라 세포 내 triglyceride이 지방산과 glycerol로 분해되었을 것으로 생각되며 이러한 결과는 세포외로 유리된 glycerol의 함량이 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물 1000 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 증가한 것을 통해 재확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 600 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 triglyceride 분해는 촉진되었으나 glycerol의 유리가 유의적으로 나타나지 않은 것은 세포 내에서 분해된 glycerol의 일부가 세포 내 생합성에 재사용되었을 것으로 생각되며 실제 세포 외로 유리된 양을 확인하기 위해서는 보다 높은 농도가 필요한 것으로 여겨진다. 전반적으로 본 실험에서는 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물이 분화된 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 지방구의 생성을 억제하였으나 효과 농도가 다른 많은 천연물에 비해 다소 높게 나타남으로써 제약으로서의 생산으로는 제한점이 있을 것으로 생각되는 반면 식품으로서 꾸준히 사용될 경우 항비만 소재로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다.
17 citations
01 Dec 2012
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the water extract of SC may enhance lipolysis and up-regulate the expression of lipolytic enzymes in vitro and reduce body weight in vivo, and suggest SC can be used as potential therapeutic substances for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether water extracts of Sparassis crispa (SC) have anti-obesity effects. Treatment of mature adipocytes with SC caused a decrease in lipid accumulation (assessed by Oil Red O staining) and an increase in glycerol release. Mice were induced to obesity by a high fat diet (45% fat in total kcal) and experimental groups were treated with two different dosages of SC extracts, a low SC (LSC, 100 mg/kg/day) or high SC (HSC, 300 mg/kg/day). SC extracts were administered by gavages for 10 weeks in the experimental groups, while the control group was fed with distilled water. The body weight gain of mice fed SC was significantly reduced (11.88% lower in LSC, 14.54% lower in HSC) compared to the control group. Additionally, there were significantly reduced serum levels of triglycerides (13.57% lower in LSC, 19.46% lower in HSC), total cholesterol (32.22% lower in LSC, 24.67% lower in HSC) and glucose (28.85% lower in LSC, 25.82% lower in HSC) in mice fed SC compared to the control group. Hepatic triglycerides in mice fed SC were lower (9.68% lower in LSC, 14.24% lower in HSC) than the control group and total cholesterol levels were also lower in mice fed SC (38.72% lower in LSC, 35.20% in HSC). These results demonstrate that the water extract of SC may enhance lipolysis and up-regulate the expression of lipolytic enzymes in vitro and reduce body weight in vivo. These significant effects were found for both low and high doses of SC treatment, and suggest SC can be used as potential therapeutic substances for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
16 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: The saponin composition of Agave durangensis foliar tissue was assessed by HPLC/DAD to determine the diversity and abundance of these secondary metabolites in that taxon, and also to analyze, the surfacting properties of those terpenic derivatives for removing arsenic in water.
Abstract: The saponin composition of Agave durangensis foliar tissue was assessed by HPLC/DAD to determine the diversity and abundance of these secondary metabolites in that taxon, and also to analyze, the surfacting properties of those terpenic derivatives for removing arsenic in water. Four different steroidal saponins were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.380 to 3.472 mg/g dry tissue, in the leaves of this species of Agave, which are removed and left in the field as waste, when the plants are gathered to elaborate mescal. The total concentration of saponins estimated ((6.165 mg/g dry tissue) suggests that A. durangensis is an important source of steroidal saponins, having relevant properties for removing arsenic from water (above 90%). This study is a contribution to the knowledge of that species of plant and reveals a potential additional use to the integral management of this resource.
14 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Both ethanolic and aqueous extract of Triphala has potent antibacterial action against the wide variety of bacterial isolates from the HIV infected patients.
Abstract: Introduction and objective: The uses of traditional medicinal plants for primary health care have steadily increased worldwide in recent years. Triphala has been used in the traditional medicine for the treatment of variety of diseases and therefore it becomes immense to study the phytochemical compounds and antibacterial activities. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of both Triphala and its individual components were used, to evaluate antimicrobial activity. Materials and methods: Phytochemical (phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid) and antibacterial activities of aqueous ethanolic extracts of Triphala and its individual components (Terminalia chebula, T. belerica and Emblica officinalis) were tested against several bacterial isolates. Isolates were recovered from urethral swabs, seminal fluid, urine, high vaginal swabs, skin swabs, blood, and sputum specimen of HIV infected patients. Results: Terminalia chebula has high phytochemical content followed by T. belerica and E. officinalis. In anti-bacterial activity, most of the bacterial isolates were inhibited by the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of T. chebula followed by T. belerica and E. officinalis in both disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. But as a whole, Triphala did not show antibacterial activity. MIC of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Triphala and its individual plant components were observed to vary from 0.1-100µg/ml. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed that both ethanolic and aqueous extract of Triphala has potent antibacterial action against the wide variety of bacterial isolates from the HIV infected patients.
13 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical nature of the antioxidant is known and a test specific for the compound or group of interest; for example, the nitroprusside test for sulphydryl groups.
Abstract: METHODS for measuring antioxidants and appraising antioxidant activity appear to be of two general types. If the chemical nature of the antioxidant is known, one may strive for a test specific for the compound or group of interest; for example, the nitroprusside test for sulphydryl groups. Alternatively one may observe the inhibition of some natural oxidative process such as the β-oxidation of fats, as a function of the added antioxidant.
10,611 citations
"Antibacterial and antioxidant activ..." refers methods in this paper
...Antioxidant assay 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazy assay The free radical scavenging activity of the methanol extract was measured with stable 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) spectrophotometrically.[10] 0....
[...]
TL;DR: The current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity, are summarized and the structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals are addressed.
Abstract: The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethnopharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists, and natural-products chemists are combing the Earth for phytochemicals and “leads” which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants, none are used as antimicrobials. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions; Western medicine is trying to duplicate their successes. Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties. This review attempts to summarize the current status of botanical screening efforts, as well as in vivo studies of their effectiveness and toxicity. The structure and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals are also addressed. Since many of these compounds are currently available as unregulated botanical preparations and their use by the public is increasing rapidly, clinicians need to consider the consequences of patients self-medicating with these preparations.
7,486 citations
"Antibacterial and antioxidant activ..." refers background in this paper
...Tannins are known for their astringent property and antimicrobial activity.[13] It is explained that in the wound healing process, the tannins bind to proteins of exposed tissues, thus precipitating the proteins, and forms antiseptic protective coat enabling the regeneration of new tissues to take place....
[...]
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity and its application in antioxidant research is described.
Abstract: Molyneux, P. The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity
2,519 citations
"Antibacterial and antioxidant activ..." refers background in this paper
...The effect of antioxidants molecules on DPPH is due to their hydrogen donating ability.[11] The study shows that the extract...
[...]
TL;DR: The effect of flavonoids on eicosanoid and nitric oxide generating enzymes and the effect on expression of proinflammatory genes are summarized and a potential for new anti-inflammatory agents are discussed.
876 citations
"Antibacterial and antioxidant activ..." refers background in this paper
...[17] In a recent review article, cellular mechanisms for anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids have been explained.[18] Flavonoids possess antioxidative, radical scavenging activities and regulate cellular activities of the inflammationrelated cells: Mast cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils....
[...]
...Thus, the inhibition of these enzymes by flavonoids is definitely one of the important cellular mechanisms of antiinflammation.[18] Triterpenoids also contain antiinflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities....
[...]
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: A Dictionary of Indian Folk Medicine And Ethnobotany (free) Review of Literature 28 as mentioned in this paper, in relation to health and livelihood security in district Bastar of Chhattisgarh State.
Abstract: DICTIONARY OF INDIAN FOLK MEDICINE AND ETHNOBOTANY Dictionary Of Indian Folk Medicine And Ethnobotany (FREE) Review of Literature 28 Ethnobotany in relation to health and livelihood security in district Bastar of Chhattisgarh State. medicine from Bangalore. Sat, 20 Apr 2019 11:05:00 GMT Vaccinium vitis-idaea Wikipedia Sapindus Wikipedia Sapindus is a genus of about five to twelve species of shrubs and small trees in the Lychee family, Sapindaceae, native to warm temperate to tropical regions in both the Old World and New World. Botany Plant-names ? Sinhala Plant names ?????? ??? ... Sri Lanka plant names in Sinhala, tamil, botany, ethnobotany, etymology, computer science sinhala glossary links to place names, old and new maps, philological, historical and sociological notes, links to news and events Medicinal Plants of the Russian Pharmacopoeia; their ... Ethnopharmacological relevance. Due to the location of Russia between West and East, Russian phytotherapy has accumulated and adopted approaches that originated in European and Asian traditional medicine. Who's Who of Harlans Harlan FamilyWho's Who The Harlan Connection with Mason & Dixon. Charles Mason ARS (1728-1786) was an astronomer from Gloucestershire who worked for the Astronomer Royal at Greenwich, near London. ORGANIC AND PERMACULTURE GARDENING Great Dreams The Sustainable Farming Connection. Permaculture The Earth. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute IPGRI Regional Office for Asia, the Pacific and Oceania Discovery and resupply of pharmacologically active plant ...
868 citations
"Antibacterial and antioxidant activ..." refers background in this paper
...In Indian traditional folk medicine, the whole plant is used as a medicine for hysteria, to cure burns, cuts, wounds and scropion stings.[2] In Nepal, the paste of the plant is used to treat scabies....
[...]