Antibody dynamics to SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic COVID-19 infections.
Qing Lei,Yang Li,Hong yan Hou,Feng Wang,Zhuqing Ouyang,Yandi Zhang,Dan yun Lai,Jo Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou,Zhao wei Xu,Bo Zhang,Hong Chen,Jun biao Xue,Xiaosong Lin,Yun xiao Zheng,Zong jie Yao,Xue ning Wang,Cai zheng Yu,He wei Jiang,Hai nan Zhang,Huan Qi,Shu Juan Guo,Sheng hai Huang,Zi yong Sun,Sheng-Ce Tao,Xiong lin Fan +24 more
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TLDR
In this article, a combination test of NAT and serological testing for IgM antibody discovered 55.5% of the total of 63 asymptomatic infections, which significantly raises the detection sensitivity when compared with the NAT alone (19%).Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The missing asymptomatic COVID-19 infections have been overlooked because of the imperfect sensitivity of the nucleic acid testing (NAT). Globally understanding the humoral immunity in asymptomatic carriers will provide scientific knowledge for developing serological tests, improving early identification, and implementing more rational control strategies against the pandemic. MEASURE: Utilizing both NAT and commercial kits for serum IgM and IgG antibodies, we extensively screened 11 766 epidemiologically suspected individuals on enrollment and 63 asymptomatic individuals were detected and recruited. Sixty-three healthy individuals and 51 mild patients without any preexisting conditions were set as controls. Serum IgM and IgG profiles were further probed using a SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray, and neutralizing antibody was detected by a pseudotyped virus neutralization assay system. The dynamics of antibodies were analyzed with exposure time or symptoms onset. RESULTS: A combination test of NAT and serological testing for IgM antibody discovered 55.5% of the total of 63 asymptomatic infections, which significantly raises the detection sensitivity when compared with the NAT alone (19%). Serum proteome microarray analysis demonstrated that asymptomatics mainly produced IgM and IgG antibodies against S1 and N proteins out of 20 proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Different from strong and persistent N-specific antibodies, S1-specific IgM responses, which evolved in asymptomatic individuals as early as the seventh day after exposure, peaked on days from 17 days to 25 days, and then disappeared in two months, might be used as an early diagnostic biomarker. 11.8% (6/51) mild patients and 38.1% (24/63) asymptomatic individuals did not produce neutralizing antibody. In particular, neutralizing antibody in asymptomatics gradually vanished in two months. CONCLUSION: Our findings might have important implications for the definition of asymptomatic COVID-19 infections, diagnosis, serological survey, public health, and immunization strategies.read more
Citations
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Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody Titers in the Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection.
Katharine H.D. Crawford,Katharine H.D. Crawford,Adam S. Dingens,Rachel Eguia,Caitlin R Wolf,Naomi Wilcox,Jennifer Logue,Kiel Shuey,Amanda M. Casto,Brooke Fiala,Samuel Wrenn,Deleah Pettie,Neil P. King,Alexander L. Greninger,Alexander L. Greninger,Helen Y. Chu,Jesse D. Bloom,Jesse D. Bloom,Jesse D. Bloom +18 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified how levels of these antibodies change in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection by examining longitudinal samples collected approximately 30-152 days after symptom onset from a prospective cohort of 32 recovered individuals with asymptomatic, mild, or moderate-severe disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
SARS-CoV-2 antibody magnitude and detectability are driven by disease severity, timing, and assay.
Michael J. Peluso,Saki Takahashi,Jill Hakim,J. Daniel Kelly,Leonel Torres,Nikita S. Iyer,Keirstinne Turcios,Owen Janson,Sadie E. Munter,Cassandra Thanh,Joanna Donatelli,Christopher C. Nixon,Rebecca Hoh,Viva W. Tai,Emily A. Fehrman,Yanel Hernandez,Matthew A Spinelli,Monica Gandhi,Mary-Ann Palafox,Ana Vallari,Mary A. Rodgers,John Prostko,John Hackett,Lan Trinh,Terri Wrin,Christos J. Petropoulos,Charles Y. Chiu,Philip J. Norris,Clara DiGermanio,Mars Stone,Michael P. Busch,Susanna K. Elledge,Xin X. Zhou,James A. Wells,Albert Shu,Theodore W. Kurtz,John E. Pak,Wesley Wu,Peter D. Burbelo,Jeffrey I. Cohen,Rachel L. Rutishauser,Jeffrey N. Martin,Steven G. Deeks,Timothy J. Henrich,Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer,Bryan Greenhouse +45 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured antibody responses in plasma samples from 128 individuals over 160 days using 14 assays and found a consistent and strong effect of disease severity on antibody magnitude, driven by fever, cough, hospitalization, and oxygen requirement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific immune and inflammatory responses in individuals recovering from COVID-19 with and without post-acute symptoms.
Michael J. Peluso,Amelia N. Deitchman,Leonel Torres,Nikita S. Iyer,Sadie E. Munter,Christopher C. Nixon,Joanna Donatelli,Cassandra Thanh,Saki Takahashi,Jill Hakim,Keirstinne Turcios,Owen Janson,Rebecca Hoh,Viva W. Tai,Yanel Hernandez,Emily A. Fehrman,Matthew A Spinelli,Monica Gandhi,Lan Trinh,Terri Wrin,Christos J. Petropoulos,Francesca T. Aweeka,Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer,J. Daniel Kelly,Jeffrey N. Martin,Steven G. Deeks,Bryan Greenhouse,Rachel L. Rutishauser,Timothy J. Henrich +28 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T-cell responses, soluble markers of inflammation, and antibody levels and neutralization capacity longitudinally in 70 individuals with PCR-confirmed SARS CoV 2 infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does infection with or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 lead to lasting immunity?
Gregory Milne,Gregory Milne,Thomas J. Hames,Chris J. Scotton,Nick Gent,Alexander Johnsen,Roy M. Anderson,Thomas Ward +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits an adaptive immune response against a large breadth of viral epitopes, although the duration of the response varies with age and disease severity.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19 Antibody Tests: A Valuable Public Health Tool with Limited Relevance to Individuals.
TL;DR: Uncertainty about the antibody tests' quality, accuracy level, positive predictive value, and what those tests might indicate immunologically means that seropositive test results should not be used to inform individual decision making, and antibody testing should remain a tool of public health at this time.
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WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic.
TL;DR: The Director-General of the World Health Organization, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, noted that over the past 2 weeks, the number of cases outside China increased 13-fold and theNumber of countries with cases increased threefold, and further increases are expected.
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