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Journal ArticleDOI

Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds occurring in edible mushrooms

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the phenolic and flavonoid contents of eight types of edible mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus, Boletus edulis, Calocybe gambosa, Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus cornucopioides, Hygrophorus marzuolus, Lactarius deliciosus and Pleurotus ostreatus ) by means of high performance liquid chromatography.
About: This article is published in Food Chemistry.The article was published on 2011-10-01. It has received 370 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Craterellus cornucopioides & Mushroom.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mushrooms act as antibacterial, immune system enhancer and cholesterol lowering agents, and are important sources of bioactive compounds; additionally, some mushroom extracts are used to promote human health and are found as dietary supplements.
Abstract: Mushrooms have been consumed since earliest history; ancient Greeks believed that mushrooms provided strength for warriors in battle, and the Romans perceived them as the “Food of the Gods.” For centuries, the Chinese culture has treasured mushrooms as a health food, an “elixir of life.” They have been part of the human culture for thousands of years and have considerable interest in the most important civilizations in history because of their sensory characteristics; they have been recognized for their attractive culinary attributes. Nowadays, mushrooms are popular valuable foods because they are low in calories, carbohydrates, fat, and sodium: also, they are cholesterol-free. Besides, mushrooms provide important nutrients, including selenium, potassium, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin D, proteins, and fiber. All together with a long history as food source, mushrooms are important for their healing capacities and properties in traditional medicine. It has reported beneficial effects for health and treatment of some diseases. Many nutraceutical properties are described in mushrooms, such as prevention or treatment of Parkinson, Alzheimer, hypertension, and high risk of stroke. They are also utilized to reduce the likelihood of cancer invasion and metastasis due to antitumoral attributes. Mushrooms act as antibacterial, immune system enhancer and cholesterol lowering agents; additionally, they are important sources of bioactive compounds. As a result of these properties, some mushroom extracts are used to promote human health and are found as dietary supplements.

545 citations


Cites background from "Antioxidant properties of phenolic ..."

  • ...[62] evaluated total phenolic and flavonoid contents in eight types of edible mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus, Boletus edulis, Calocybe gambosa, Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus cornucopioides, Hygrophorus marzuolus, Lactarius deliciosus, and Pleurotus ostreatus)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The antimicrobial activity of different phenolic compounds identified and quantified in mushroom species from all over the world was evaluated in order to provide insights into the mechanism of action of potential antimicrobial drugs for resistant micro‐organisms.
Abstract: Aim and Methods: Although the antimicrobial activity of extracts from several mushroom species has been reported, studies with the individual compounds present in that extracts are scarce. Herein, the antimicrobial activity of different phenolic compounds identified and quantified in mushroom species from all over the world was evaluated. Furthermore, a structure‐activity relationship (SAR) analysis and molecular docking studies were performed, in order to provide insights into the mechanism of action of potential antimicrobial drugs for resistant micro-organisms. Results: 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic and protocatechuic acids were the phenolic compounds with higher activity against the majority of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, phenolic compounds inhibited more MRSA than methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA was inhibited by 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic (MICs = 0! 5 mg ml " 1 ) and p-coumaric (MIC = 1 mg ml " 1 ) acids, while these compounds at the same concentrations had no inhibitory effects against methicillin-susceptible Staph. aureus. Conclusions: The presence of carboxylic acid (COOH), two hydroxyl (OH) groups in para and ortho positions of the benzene ring and also a methoxyl (OCH3) group in the meta position seems to be important for anti-MRSA activity. Significance and Impact of the Study: Phenolic compounds could be used as antimicrobial agents, namely against some micro-organisms resistant to commercial antibiotics.

332 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of this review was to introduce conventional and recently-developed extraction techniques, with emphasis on the use of DESs as potential extractants for various bioactive compounds, such as phenolic acid, flavonoids, tanshinone, keratin, tocols, terpenoids, carrageenans, xanthones, isoflavones, α-mangostin, genistin, apigenin, and others.

326 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results showed that there is no correlation between the studied commercial mushrooms and the corresponding mycelia obtained in vitro, and this study contributes to the rise of data relatively to the species consumed as fresh mushroom and the possibility of their in vitro production as a source of bioactive compounds.

262 citations


Cites background from "Antioxidant properties of phenolic ..."

  • ..., 2009), Spain (Palacios et al., 2011), Taiwan (Yang et al....

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  • ...…a few reports are available on antioxidant properties of samples from Brazil (Kitzberger et al., 2007), China (Cheung et al., 2003), India (Jayakumar et al., 2009), Spain (Palacios et al., 2011), Taiwan (Yang et al., 2002; Tsai et al., 2009) and Thailand (Chirinang and Intarapichet, 2009)....

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  • ...Despite several studies focused on the therapeutic effects of these commercial mushrooms, a few reports are available on antioxidant properties of samples from Brazil (Kitzberger et al., 2007), China (Cheung et al., 2003), India (Jayakumar et al., 2009), Spain (Palacios et al., 2011), Taiwan (Yang et al., 2002; Tsai et al., 2009) and Thailand (Chirinang and Intarapichet, 2009)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ethanolic extract of A. bisporus had potent antioxidant activity and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant, according to results suggested.

255 citations

References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent rather than the FolinDenis reagent, gallic acid as a reference standard, and a more reproducible time-temperature color development period was investigated.
Abstract: Several details of the assay of total phenolic substances have been investigated and an improved procedure developed. The improvements include the use of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent rather than the Folin-Denis reagent, gallic acid as a reference standard, and a more reproducible time-temperature color development period. The values obtained are less subject to variation and interference from several nonphenols, yet are directly comparable to the "tannin" values obtained by the previously standard method.

18,629 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present review analyzes the pecularities of polysaccharides derived from fruiting bodies and cultured mycelium in selected examples of medicinal mushrooms and concludes that high molecular weight glucans appear to be more effective than those of low molecular weight.
Abstract: The number of mushrooms on Earth is estimated at 140,000, yet maybe only 10% (approximately 14,000 named species) are known. Mushrooms comprise a vast and yet largely untapped source of powerful new pharmaceutical products. In particular, and most importantly for modern medicine, they represent an unlimited source of polysaccharides with antitumor and immunostimulating properties. Many, if not all, Basidiomycetes mushrooms contain biologically active polysaccharides in fruit bodies, cultured mycelium, culture broth. Data on mushroom polysaccharides have been collected from 651 species and 7 infraspecific taxa from 182 genera of higher Hetero- and Homobasidiomycetes. These polysaccharides are of different chemical composition, with most belonging to the group of β-glucans; these have β-(1→3) linkages in the main chain of the glucan and additional β-(1→6) branch points that are needed for their antitumor action. High molecular weight glucans appear to be more effective than those of low molecular weight. Chemical modification is often carried out to improve the antitumor activity of polysaccharides and their clinical qualities (mostly water solubility). The main procedures used for chemical improvement are: Smith degradation (oxydo-reducto-hydrolysis), formolysis, and carboxymethylation. Most of the clinical evidence for antitumor activity comes from the commercial polysaccharides lentinan, PSK (krestin), and schizophyllan, but polysaccharides of some other promising medicinal mushroom species also show good results. Their activity is especially beneficial in clinics when used in conjunction with chemotherapy. Mushroom polysaccharides prevent oncogenesis, show direct antitumor activity against various allogeneic and syngeneic tumors, and prevent tumor metastasis. Polysaccharides from mushrooms do not attack cancer cells directly, but produce their antitumor effects by activating different immune responses in the host. The antitumor action of polysaccharides requires an intact T-cell component; their activity is mediated through a thymus-dependent immune mechanism. Practical application is dependent not only on biological properties, but also on biotechnological availability. The present review analyzes the pecularities of polysaccharides derived from fruiting bodies and cultured mycelium (the two main methods of biotechnological production today) in selected examples of medicinal mushrooms.

1,962 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review describes pharmacologically active compounds from mushrooms with antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antiallergic, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and central activities.
Abstract: This review describes pharmacologically active compounds from mushrooms. Compounds and complex substances with antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antiallergic, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and central activities are covered, focusing on the review of recent literature. The production of mushrooms or mushroom compounds is discussed briefly.

944 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the present review, a critical overview on the difficulties and the controversies of the studies on the bioavailability of the polyphenols is discussed.
Abstract: The current interest in polyphenols has been driven primarily by epidemiological studies. However, to establish conclusive evidence for the effectiveness of dietary polyphenols in disease prevention, it is useful to better define the bioavailability of the polyphenols, so that their biological activity can be evaluated. The bioavailability appears to differ greatly among the various phenolic compounds, and the most abundant ones in our diet are not necessarily those that have the best bioavailability profile. In the present review, we focus on the factors influencing the bioavailability of the polyphenols. Moreover, a critical overview on the difficulties and the controversies of the studies on the bioavailability is discussed.

699 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the antioxidant properties of two wild edible mushroom species from the northeast of Portugal, Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray and Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quel, were evaluated.

664 citations