Journal ArticleDOI
Anxiolytic and anxiogenic drug effects on exploratory activity in an elevated plus-maze: a novel test of anxiety in the rat
Sharon Pellow,Sandra E. File +1 more
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TLDR
The current studies further investigated the effects, in animal models of anxiety, of novel putative anxiolytic and anxiogenic compounds believed to induce their effects by actions at the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex to provide further validation for a novel test of anxiety based on the ratio of open to closed arm entries in an elevated plus maze in the rat.Abstract:
The current studies further investigated the effects, in animal models of anxiety, of novel putative anxiolytic and anxiogenic compounds believed to induce their effects by actions at the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex. It was expected that the results would also provide further validation for a novel test of anxiety based on the ratio of open to closed arm entries in an elevated plus maze in the rat. The novel putative anxiolytics CL 218,872 (10–20 mg/kg) and tracazolate (5 mg/kg) significantly elevated the percentage of time spent on the open arms of an elevated plus-maze, consistent with their anxiolytic activity in several other animal tests. Also consistent with results from other animal tests, no anxiolytic activity was observed for the phenylquinoline PK 8165 (10–25 mg/kg), the 3,4-benzodiazepine tofisopam (25–50 mg/kg), or buspirone (0.5–20 mg/kg). The benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonists FG 7142 (1–5 mg/kg) and CGS 8216 (3–10 mg/kg) had anxiogenic activity in this test, as did the atypical benzodiazepine Ro 5-4864 (1–5 mg/kg). Interestingly, however, the benzodiazepine receptor antagonists Ro 15-1788 (10–20 mg/kg) and ZK 93426 (5–10 mg/kg) had no anxiogenic activity in this test.read more
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Behavioral phenotypes of inbred mouse strains: implications and recommendations for molecular studies.
Jacqueline N. Crawley,John K. Belknap,Allan C. Collins,John C. Crabbe,Wayne N. Frankel,Norman D. Henderson,Robert Hitzemann,Stephen C. Maxson,Lucinda L. Miner,Alcino J. Silva,Jeanne M. Wehner,Anthony Wynshaw-Boris,Richard Paylor +12 more
TL;DR: Strain distributions are described for open field activity, learning and memory tasks, aggression, sexual and parental behaviors, acoustic startle and prepulse inhibition, and the behavioral actions of ethanol, nicotine, cocaine, opiates, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduced anxiety‐like behavior and central neurochemical change in germ‐free mice
Karen-Anne McVey Neufeld,N. Kang,N. Kang,John Bienenstock,John Bienenstock,Jane A. Foster,Jane A. Foster +6 more
TL;DR: This work has shown that the presence of gut microbiota regulates the set point for hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis activity, and the role intestinal microbiota may play in communication between these two systems is increasing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ethopharmacological analysis of rat behavior on the elevated plus-maze
TL;DR: Behavioral categories were measured in rats left on an elevated plus-maze for 5 min, in addition to the traditional measures, and four independent factors emerged from a factor analysis, seemingly related with anxiety.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alterations induced by gestational stress in brain morphology and behaviour of the offspring.
TL;DR: Prenatally-stressed rats show a reduced propensity for social interaction, increased anxiety in intimidating or novel situations and a reduction in cerebral asymmetry and dopamine turnover, consistent with those in schizophrenic humans, which may explain the precipitation of depressive symptoms or schizophrenia by psychosocial stress in later life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transneuronal Propagation of Pathologic α-Synuclein from the Gut to the Brain Models Parkinson's Disease.
Sangjune Kim,Seung-Hwan Kwon,Tae In Kam,Nikhil Panicker,Senthilkumar S. Karuppagounder,Saebom Lee,Jun Hee Lee,Wonjoong Richard Kim,Minjee Kook,Catherine A. Foss,Chentian Shen,Hojae Lee,Subhash Kulkarni,Pankaj J. Pasricha,Gabsang Lee,Martin G. Pomper,Valina L. Dawson,Ted M. Dawson,Han Seok Ko +18 more
TL;DR: This study supports the Braak hypothesis in the etiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease by assessing α- synucleinopathy in the brain in a novel gut-to-brain α-syn transmission mouse model, where pathologicalα-syn preformed fibrils were injected into the duodenal and pyloric muscularis layer.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Validation of open:closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat.
TL;DR: A novel test for the selective identification of anxiolytic and anxiogenic drug effects in the rat is described, using an elevated + -maze consisting of two open arms and two enclosed arms, which showed that behaviour on the maze was not clearly correlated either with exploratory head-dipping or spontaneous locomotor activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selective antagonists of benzodiazepines.
Walter Hunkeler,Hanns Möhler,L. Pieri,P. Polc,E. P. Bonetti,R. Cumin,R. Schaffner,Willy Haefely +7 more
TL;DR: The main properties of a representative of this novel class of specific benzodiazepine antagonists are described, whose unique pharmacological activity is to prevent or abolish in a highly selective manner at the receptor level all the characteristic centrally mediated effects of active Benzodiazepines.
Journal ArticleDOI
SEVERE ANXIETY INDUCED BY FG 7142, A β-CARBOLINE LIGAND FOR BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTORS
Journal ArticleDOI
Urinary and brain beta-carboline-3-carboxylates as potent inhibitors of brain benzodiazepine receptors
TL;DR: It is surmised that an endogenous ligand for benzodiazepine receptors may be a derivative of beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid.