Application Of Correlation And Regression Analysis To Designing Antennas
12 Dec 2017-Vol. 4, pp 1-13
TL;DR: In this paper, a family of Koch-type wire dipoles with arm geometry similar to the first-order Koch pre-fractal and microstrip antennas with a radiator having a symmetric four-comb-shape profile is considered.
Abstract: We consider a family of Koch-type wire dipoles with arm geometry similar to the first-order Koch pre-fractal and microstrip antennas with a radiator having a symmetric four-comb-shape profile. The selection of wire antennas is constructed by changing the position of the central vertex of the Koch-type pre-fractal of the first order. The selection of microstrip antennas is constructed by changing the width, depth, and length of the cutouts of the radiator. For these antenna samples, the basic characteristics describing the geometry of the antennas are determined. The application of correlation and regression analysis to the modeling of these types of antennas is considered. Based on the correlation relationships, the main geometric parameters of wire and microstrip antennas are revealed, which most strongly affect such electrodynamic characteristics of antennas as the base frequency, reflection coefficient, bandwidth, reactance and resistance. Correlation tables of electrodynamic and geometric characteristics and correlative diagrams are presented, with the aid of which linear and nonlinear regression models are constructed. For the given models, the mean square and mean relative errors are calculated. We indicate that on the basis of regression models, it is possible to carry out the synthesis of a wire and microstrip antennas with the corresponding predetermined properties.
Citations
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04 Jun 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the dependence of the base frequency and the reflection coefficient on the dipole wire length and scale is analyzed, and it is shown that it is possible to distinguish a family of antennas operating at a given (identical) base frequency.
Abstract: Koch-type wire dipole antennas are considered herein. In the case of a first-order prefractal, such antennas differ from a Koch-type dipole by the position of the central vertex of the dipole arm. Earlier, we investigated the dependence of the base frequency for different antenna scales for an arm in the form of a first-order prefractal. In this paper, dipoles for second-order prefractals are considered. The dependence of the base frequency and the reflection coefficient on the dipole wire length and scale is analyzed. It is shown that it is possible to distinguish a family of antennas operating at a given (identical) base frequency. The same length of a Koch-type curve can be obtained with different coordinates of the central vertex. This allows for obtaining numerous antennas with various scales and geometries of the arm. An algorithm for obtaining small antennas for Wi-Fi applications is proposed. Two antennas were obtained: an antenna with the smallest linear dimensions and a minimum antenna for a given reflection coefficient.
14 citations
Cites background from "Application Of Correlation And Regr..."
...Such a relationship can be used for the designing of antennas [32]....
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01 Feb 2019
TL;DR: The problem of fast designing of a well-matched symmetrical four-tooth-shaped microstrip antenna at frequency of 2.44 GHz is considered and regression models for wavelength, resistance and bandwidth are used to solve the problem.
Abstract: The problem of fast designing of a well-matched symmetrical four-tooth-shaped microstrip antenna at frequency of 2.44 GHz is considered. To solve the problem, we use regression models for wavelength, resistance and bandwidth. The optimization problem for finding the geometrical parameters of the antenna radiator is formulated by using these models. In the first step of approximation, the antenna is obtained as a solution to the optimization problem. In the next step, the geometry of the radiator is refined so as the base frequency of the antenna is closer to 2.44 GHz.
9 citations
01 Sep 2018
TL;DR: The problem of designing a symmetrical eight-tooth-shaped microstrip dual-band Wi-Fi antenna (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) is considered and a family ofWi-Fi dual- band antennas with a certain ratio of length to depth of rectangular cutouts of the radiator is selected by analyzing the models.
Abstract: The problem of designing a symmetrical eight-tooth-shaped microstrip dual-band Wi-Fi antenna (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) is considered. At the first stage of antenna design, numerical experiments are performed to determine the dependence of values of the first two resonance frequencies of the antenna and the corresponding bandwidths on the geometric parameters of the radiator. A regression analysis is carried out and regression models for resonance frequencies are obtained. The absolute and relative errors for the models are calculated. A family of Wi-Fi dual-band antennas with a certain ratio of length to depth of rectangular cutouts of the radiator is selected by analyzing the models. Further analysis of the matching and of the bandwidth for the antennas from the obtained family allows determining the best matched Wi-Fi antennas.
7 citations
Cites methods from "Application Of Correlation And Regr..."
...For example, in [10-12], for microstrip antennas with a radiator of a symmetrical tooth-shaped form, the dependences of the electrodynamic characteristics on the radiator geometry were revealed, and mathematical models were constructed on the basis of the correlation-regression analysis [13]....
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01 Sep 2018
TL;DR: A family of symmetrical wire dipoles having the geometry of the Koch-type prefractal made it possible to select the most matching antennas for operation in the selected Wi-Fi band.
Abstract: A family of symmetrical wire dipoles having the geometry of the Koch-type prefractal is considered. A regression analysis for the electrodynamic characteristics and geometric parameters of the antennas is performed. Regression models of the base frequency for dipoles having different scales are obtained. A subfamily of antennas with a resonance at frequencies of 2.4-2.5 GHz is identified via regression models. Further analysis of the reflection coefficient and the bandwidth of the antennas from the given family made it possible to select the most matching antennas for operation in the selected Wi-Fi band.
5 citations
Cites methods from "Application Of Correlation And Regr..."
...For example, Koch-type wire dipoles of the first three iterations were investigated by methods of correlation and regression analysis, and regression models for the basic electrodynamic parameters of the antennas were constructed in [12-15]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a symmetrical tooth-shaped radiator is obtained from a rectangular radiator by adding small symmetrical rectangular cutouts on its two sides, and regression models are constructed for each type of the antenna.
Abstract: Printed monopole antennas with a rectangular radiator as well as
with a symmetrical tooth-shaped radiator are considered. The
tooth-shaped radiator is obtained from a rectangular radiator by
adding small symmetrical rectangular cutouts on its two sides. The
antennas with four-, six- and eight-tooth-shaped radiators are
considered. For the antennas, the influence of the radiator
geometry parameters on the two base resonance frequencies is
studied. The common features and characteristics of the
dependences of the resonances on the radiator parameters are
revealed for the considered tooth-shaped antennas. Regression
models are constructed for each type of the antenna. In the
obtained models, the values of the two base resonances are
functions of the length and width of the radiator as well as of
the depth of rectangular cutouts on it. The designing of dual-band
printed monopole tooth-shaped antennas for various numbers of
cutouts on the radiator is proposed. For the design of the shape
of the radiator antennas, regression models are used, which allow
to obtain the parameters of the radiator for given resonance
frequencies. Examples of obtained antennas with various numbers of
teeth are given. Conclusions about the applicability of antennas
of this type for operation on two bands are given.
4 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: The most up-to-date resource available on antenna theory and design as mentioned in this paper provides an extended coverage of ABET design procedures and equations making meeting ABET requirements easy and preparing readers for authentic situations in industry.
Abstract: The most-up-to-date resource available on antenna theory and design Expanded coverage of design procedures and equations makes meeting ABET design requirements easy and prepares readers for authentic situations in industry New coverage of microstrip antennas exposes readers to information vital to a wide variety of practical applicationsComputer programs at end of each chapter and the accompanying disk assist in problem solving, design projects and data plotting-- Includes updated material on moment methods, radar cross section, mutual impedances, aperture and horn antennas, and antenna measurements-- Outstanding 3-dimensional illustrations help readers visualize the entire antenna radiation pattern
14,065 citations
"Application Of Correlation And Regr..." refers background in this paper
...INTRODUCTION In modern telecommunication systems, wire and microstrip antennas (C.A. Balanis, 1997, R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, A. Ittipiboon, 2001) are widely used....
[...]
Book•
01 Mar 1985
TL;DR: Aperture Distributions and Arrays Synthesis as discussed by the authors is a technique used to synthesize antenna arrays, which are then used to measure the distance from the source to the sink. But it requires the antenna array to be symmetric.
Abstract: Preface. 1. Properties of Antennas. 2. Radiation Structures and Numerical Methods. 3. Arrays. 4. Aperture Distributions and Arrays Synthesis. 5. Dipoles, Slots, and Loops. 6. Microstrip Antennas. 7. Horn Antennas. 8. Reflector Antennas. 9. Lens Antennas. 10. Traveling Wave Antennas. 11. Frequency-Independent Antennas. 12. Phased Arrays. Index.
816 citations
"Application Of Correlation And Regr..." refers background in this paper
...Radio Society of Great Britain, 2011,T.A. Milligan, 2005), then the antennas with complex geometry are the separate subject for investigation....
[...]
01 Nov 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, the impedance matched between the feed and the meander line antenna is achieved by adjusting the width and length of the open end of the microstrip of the antenna.
Abstract: In meander line antenna the size of the dipole at given frequency is reduced by a factor that is proportional to the number of turns. The adjacent horizontal segments of the meander line antenna have opposite phase. The transmission line current neither contributes much to the radiated power nor produce losses. At the location where the current reaches maximum value at that point large amount of power is wasted which is close to the antenna centre. Hence the radiation resistance is affected by the vertical segments. The meander line structure is design on glass epoxy (FR4) substrate with thickness 3.2cm dielectric constant 4.4. The impedance matched between the feed and meander line antenna is being achieved by adjusting the width and length of the open end of the microstrip. The optimized parameters are obtaining by design equation d=0.16lambdag, s=0.33lambdag, w=0.06lambdag, L=0.7lambdag where lambdag is the guide wavelength in the glass epoxy substrate at the centre frequency of 1060MHZ. Similarly using design equation the dimension has also been obtained for 1025MHZ. An empirical relation between frequency and each dimension of the meander line and frequency relations giving the design of the meander line are validate for two different frequencies which are 1030MHZ and 1090MHZ. For validation dimensions of meander line antenna are calculated using above equations. Then separately the dimensions of the meander line are obtained using the standard formula. The value so obtained by two methods one by empirical relation and other by design equation are compared. It is found that the dimension obtained by both methods matched. Thus one can use these empirical relations for designing the meander line antenna.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the main electrodynamic parameters for a family of balanced wire dipole antennas having arms similarly to the Koch first-order pre-fractal are developed and an algorithm for developing the antennas having preset characteristics is described.
Abstract: Regression and functional models of the main electrodynamic parameters for a family of balanced wire dipole antennas having arms similarly to the Koch first-order pre-fractal are developed. Each dipole differs from the remaining dipoles only in coordinates of the central vertices of arms. Conclusions on an influence of the wire’s diameter of the antenna on characteristics of the antenna are drawn. It is shown that a connection of electrodynamic parameters with the geometry of the antenna increases with an increase in the order of the pre-fractal. Algorithms for developing the antennas having preset characteristics are described. Examples describing an application of the algorithms to the modeling of the well matched Koch-type antennas to achieve some desired characteristics are provided.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a dual frequency, wide band textile antenna has been proposed, where a slot cut out of a regular rectangular patch revealing a vertical dumbbell-shaped conducting region resonates at global positioning system and time division duplex long term evolution fourth generation bands.
Abstract: A novel dual frequency, wide band textile antenna has been proposed. A slot cut out of a regular rectangular patch revealing a vertical dumbbell-shaped conducting region resonates at global positioning system (L1 and L3) and time division duplex long term evolution fourth generation bands. The radiation efficiencies of the antenna at the lower and upper resonant frequencies are 96 and 88%, respectively. The antenna is fabricated using double side silver coated conductive fabric on a denim substrate and experimentally validated. The textile antenna resonates from 1.435 to 1.81 GHz and from 2.755 to 3.19 GHz. The antenna has a bandwidth of 375 and 435 MHz, that is, fractional bandwidth of 25.08 and 12.6% at the lower and upper bands, respectively. The fabricated antenna is then subjected to bending, shear, stretching deformations and their effects on the bandwidth of the antenna are analysed using analysis of variance method. The significant factors and their percentage contribution on the bandwidth are also determined using the F-test. Finally, an empirical equation is derived for the designed antenna to compute the bandwidth and the results are validated.
12 citations