Application of Fuzzy Logic to Approximate Reasoning Using Linguistic Synthesis
TL;DR: In this article, a fuzzy logic is used to synthesize linguistic control protocol of a skilled operator for industrial plants, which has been applied to pilot scale plants as well as in practical situations.
Abstract: This paper describes an application of fuzzy logic in designing controllers for industrial plants. A fuzzy logic is used to synthesize linguistic control protocol of a skilled operator. The method has been applied to pilot scale plants as well as in practical situations. The merits of this method and its usefulness to control engineering are discussed. An avenue for further work in this area is described where the need is to go beyond a purely descriptive approach, and means for implementing a prescriptive or a self-organizing system are explored.
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TL;DR: The theory of possibility described in this paper is related to the theory of fuzzy sets by defining the concept of a possibility distribution as a fuzzy restriction which acts as an elastic constraint on the values that may be assigned to a variable.
Abstract: The theory of possibility described in this paper is related to the theory of fuzzy sets by defining the concept of a possibility distribution as a fuzzy restriction which acts as an elastic constraint on the values that may be assigned to a variable. More specifically, if F is a fuzzy subset of a universe of discourse U={u} which is characterized by its membership function μF, then a proposition of the form “X is F,” where X is a variable taking values in U, induces a possibility distribution ∏X which equates the possibility of X taking the value u to μF(u)—the compatibility of u with F. In this way, X becomes a fuzzy variable which is associated with the possibility distribution ∏x in much the same way as a random variable is associated with a probability distribution. In general, a variable may be associated both with a possibility distribution and a probability distribution, with the weak connection between the two expressed as the possibility/probability consistency principle. A thesis advanced in this paper is that the imprecision that is intrinsic in natural languages is, in the main, possibilistic rather than probabilistic in nature. Thus, by employing the concept of a possibility distribution, a proposition, p, in a natural language may be translated into a procedure which computes the probability distribution of a set of attributes which are implied by p. Several types of conditional translation rules are discussed and, in particular, a translation rule for propositions of the form “X is F is α-possible,” where α is a number in the interval [0, 1], is formulated and illustrated by examples.
8,918 citations
01 Apr 1990
TL;DR: The basic aspects of the FLC (fuzzy logic controller) decision-making logic are examined and several issues, including the definitions of a fuzzy implication, compositional operators, the interpretations of the sentence connectives 'and' and 'also', and fuzzy inference mechanisms, are investigated.
Abstract: For pt.I see ibid., vol.20, no.2, p.404-18, 1990. The basic aspects of the FLC (fuzzy logic controller) decision-making logic are examined. Several issues, including the definitions of a fuzzy implication, compositional operators, the interpretations of the sentence connectives 'and' and 'also', and fuzzy inference mechanisms, are investigated. Defuzzification strategies, are discussed. Some of the representative applications of the FLC, from laboratory level to industrial process control, are briefly reported. Some unsolved problems are described, and further challenges in this field are discussed. >
5,502 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based on fuzzy logic provides a means of converting a linguistic control strategy based on expert knowledge into an automatic control strategy.
Abstract: During the past several years, fuzzy control has emerged as one of the most active and fruitful areas for research in the applications of fuzzy set theory. Fuzzy control is based on fuzzy logic. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based on fuzzy logic provides a means of converting a linguistic control strategy based on expert knowledge into an automatic control strategy. A survey of the FLC is presented; a general methodology for constructing an FLC and assessing its performance is described; and problems that need further research are pointed out
4,830 citations
TL;DR: A general approach to quali- tative modeling based on fuzzy logic is discussed, which proposes to use a fuzzy clustering method (fuzzy c-means method) to identify the structure of a fuzzy model.
Abstract: This paper discusses a general approach to quali- tative modeling based on fuzzy logic. The method of qualitative modeling is divided into two parts: fuzzy modeling and linguistic approximation. It proposes to use a fuzzy clustering method (fuzzy c-means method) to identify the structure of a fuzzy model. To clarify the advantages of the proposed method, it also shows some examples of modeling, among them a model of a dynamical process and a model of a human operator's control action.
2,447 citations
Book•
30 Apr 1998
TL;DR: Fuzzy Modeling for Control addresses fuzzy modeling from the systems and control engineering point of view and focuses on the selection of appropriate model structures, on the acquisition of dynamic fuzzy models from process measurements, and on the design of nonlinear controllers based on fuzzy models.
Abstract: From the Publisher:
Fuzzy Modeling for Control addresses fuzzy modeling from the systems and control engineering point of view. It focuses on the selection of appropriate model structures, on the acquisition of dynamic fuzzy models from process measurements (fuzzy identification), and on the design of nonlinear controllers based on fuzzy models. The main features of the presented techniques are illustrated by means of simple examples. In addition, three real-world applications are described. Finally, software tools for building fuzzy models from measurements are available from the author.
1,183 citations
References
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01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: By relying on the use of linguistic variables and fuzzy algorithms, the approach provides an approximate and yet effective means of describing the behavior of systems which are too complex or too ill-defined to admit of precise mathematical analysis.
Abstract: The approach described in this paper represents a substantive departure from the conventional quantitative techniques of system analysis. It has three main distinguishing features: 1) use of so-called ``linguistic'' variables in place of or in addition to numerical variables; 2) characterization of simple relations between variables by fuzzy conditional statements; and 3) characterization of complex relations by fuzzy algorithms. A linguistic variable is defined as a variable whose values are sentences in a natural or artificial language. Thus, if tall, not tall, very tall, very very tall, etc. are values of height, then height is a linguistic variable. Fuzzy conditional statements are expressions of the form IF A THEN B, where A and B have fuzzy meaning, e.g., IF x is small THEN y is large, where small and large are viewed as labels of fuzzy sets. A fuzzy algorithm is an ordered sequence of instructions which may contain fuzzy assignment and conditional statements, e.g., x = very small, IF x is small THEN Y is large. The execution of such instructions is governed by the compositional rule of inference and the rule of the preponderant alternative. By relying on the use of linguistic variables and fuzzy algorithms, the approach provides an approximate and yet effective means of describing the behavior of systems which are too complex or too ill-defined to admit of precise mathematical analysis.
8,547 citations
01 Aug 1999-International Journal of Human-computer Studies \/ International Journal of Man-machine Studies
TL;DR: Fuzzy logic is used to convert heuristic control rules stated by a human operator into an automatic control strategy, and the control strategy set up linguistically proved to be far better than expected in its own right.
Abstract: This paper describes an experiment on the “linguistic” synthesis of a controller for a model industrial plant (a steam engine). Fuzzy logic is used to convert heuristic control rules stated by a human operator into an automatic control strategy. The experiment was initiated to investigate the possibility of human interaction with a learning controller. However, the control strategy set up linguistically proved to be far better than expected in its own right, and the basic experiment of linguistic control synthesis in a non-learning controller is reported here.
6,392 citations
01 Dec 1974
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a scheme in which a fuzzy algorithm is used to control plant, in this case, a laboratory-built steam engine, implemented as an interpreter of a set of rules expressed as fuzzy conditional statements.
Abstract: The paper describes a scheme in which a fuzzy algorithm is used to control plant, in this case, a laboratory-built steam engine. The algorithm is implemented as an interpreter of a set of rules expressed as fuzzy conditional statements. This implementation on a digital computer is used online, to control the plant. The merit of such a controller is discussed in the light of the results obtained.
3,916 citations
01 Nov 1976-International Journal of Human-computer Studies \/ International Journal of Man-machine Studies
TL;DR: It is proposed that adaptive techniques in linguistic controllers currently being studied may provide a useful possible approach to the use of fuzzy logic in the synthesis of controllers for dynamic plants.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to survey the field of application of fuzzy logic in the synthesis of controllers for dynamic plants. A brief tutorial on the method of approach is also included here. Several groups of workers are currently studying various aspects of fuzzy controllers. For each such group a short account is given on the area of investigation undertaken. This along with the list of references provided here should give a broad picture of ongoing research on fuzzy controllers. Although most work is conducted using pilot scale or simulated plants, there are prospects also of an eventual application to a real plant. Some of the problems underlying actual application of fuzzy controllers are mentioned. These principally amount to the use of heuristics in plant controllers and the question of how to obtain an effective set of rules for a given plant. It is proposed that adaptive techniques in linguistic controllers currently being studied may provide a useful possible approach.
920 citations
TL;DR: The fuzzy control algorithm is used to implement linguistically expressed heuristic control policies directly, with a view to automating those complex and poorly-defined processes where modelling difficulties and lack of suitable measurements make manual control imperative.
Abstract: The paper describes the application of fuzzy algorithms to the control of dynamic processes. The fuzzy control algorithm is used to implement linguistically expressed heuristic control policies directly, with a view to automating those complex and poorly-defined processes where modelling difficulties and lack of suitable measurements make manual control imperative. The results obtained from two pilot-scale studies are presented and the stability of the fuzzy control system is discussed.
740 citations