Application of Microbes in Remediation of Hazardous Wastes: A Review
01 Jan 2018-pp 223-241
TL;DR: In this article, the application of microbes to degrade waste is gaining attention due to its environmental and economic benefits, and the prospects of waste valorization for the production of biopolymers, biofuels, biocompost and industrial enzymes are also discussed.
Abstract: Currently, pollution control, environmental management, treatment and recycling of wastes have become critical issues. One of the major reasons behind the growing environmental pollution is illegal disposal of waste. Due to the toxicity of waste, establishing efficient and environmentally friendly method to degrade and detoxify these wastes represent an important research challenge. Various physiochemical methods are applied all over the world for solid waste management. The application of microbes to degrade waste is gaining attention due to its environmental and economic benefits. The present review deals with application of microbes in bioremediation of hazardous wastes. This review also outlines the various factors that limit the use of microbial waste bioremediation technologies. Moreover, the prospects of waste valorization for the production of biopolymers, biofuels, biocompost and industrial enzymes are also discussed in the review article.
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TL;DR: The remarkable biosorption capacities of these two isolates evidence the potential of non-conventional yeast species as sorption microbial particles for polluted water remediation.
Abstract: Pollution caused by heavy metals is a prime concern due to its impact on human health, animals, and ecosystems. Cr(VI), generated in a range of different industries as a liquid effluent, is one of the most frequent contaminants. In the work presented herein, the adsorption efficiency of three species of native yeasts from Ecuador (Kazachstania yasuniensis, Kodamaea transpacifica, and Saturnispora quitensis) for Cr(VI) removal from simulated wastewater was assessed, taking Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a reference. After disruption of the flocs of yeast with a cationic surfactant, adsorption capacity, kinetics, and biosorption isotherms were studied. K. transpacifica isolate was found to feature the highest efficiency among the four yeasts tested, as a result of its advantageous combination of surface charge, individual cell size (4.04 μm), and surface area (1588.27 m2/L). The performance of S. quitensis was only slightly lower. The remarkable biosorption capacities of these two isolates (476.19 and 416.67 mg of Cr(VI)/g of yeast, respectively) evidence the potential of non-conventional yeast species as sorption microbial particles for polluted water remediation.
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References
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TL;DR: The metabolic and ecological features that make fungi suited for use in bioremediation and waste treatment processes are described, and their potential for applications is discussed on the basis of these strengths.
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