Arab Americans in a Nation's Imagined Community: How News Constructed Arab American Reactions to the Gulf War

doi:10.1177/019685902236900

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Arab Americans in a Nation's Imagined Community: How News Constructed Arab American Reactions to the Gulf War

Journal Article•DOI•

Arab Americans in a Nation's Imagined Community: How News Constructed Arab American Reactions to the Gulf War

01 Oct 2002-Journal of Communication Inquiry (SAGE Publications)-Vol. 26, Iss: 4, pp 426-445

TL;DR: An analysis of news stories about Arab American reactions to the Gulf War shows how the news media represented and reinforced a hegemonic construction of America as a unified, inclusive imagined co-existence as mentioned in this paper.

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Abstract: An analysis of news stories about Arab American reactions to the Gulf War shows how the news media represented and reinforced a hegemonic construction of America as a unified, inclusive imagined co...

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Journal Article•DOI•

Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism

[...]

Christopher W Morris

01 Sep 1995-History of European Ideas

TL;DR: In this paper, Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism are discussed. And the history of European ideas: Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 721-722.

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13,842 citations

萨义德的“Orientalism”释义

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郭婷

01 Jan 2015

TL;DR: Familiarity, ease of access, trust, and awareness of risks, will all be important for the future.

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Abstract: 萨义德以其独特的双重身份,对西方中心权力话语做了分析,通过对文学作品、演讲演说等文本的解读,将O rie n ta lis m——"东方学",做了三重释义:一门学科、一种思维方式和一种权力话语系统,对东方学权力话语做了系统的批判,同时将东方学放入空间维度对东方学文本做了细致的解读。

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3,845 citations

Journal Article•

Media Culture: Cultural Studies, Identity and Politics Between the Modern and the Postmodern

[...]

Meenakshi Gigi Durham

01 Jan 1996-Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly

346 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The Construction of Arabs as Enemies: Post-September 11 Discourse of George W. Bush

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Debra Merskin

01 May 2004-Mass Communication and Society

TL;DR: In the weeks following the September 11, 2001, tragedy, President George W. Bush gave several addresses to the nation as discussed by the authors, which reflected an identifiable model of enemy image construction that had, and continues to have, important human rights implications for Arab American citizens and noncitizens.

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Abstract: In the weeks following the September 11, 2001, tragedy, President George W. Bush gave several addresses to the nation. His rhetoric built on stereotypical words and images already established in more than 20 years of media and popular culture portrayals of Arabs as evil, bloodthirsty, animalistic terrorists. Textual analysis reveals that Bush's speeches, from his public statements on September 11, 2001, to the January 29, 2002, State of the Union address, reflected an identifiable model of enemy image construction that had, and continues to have, important human rights implications for Arab American citizens and noncitizens.

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188 citations

Cites background from "Arab Americans in a Nation's Imagin..."

...In other words “the media are not simply institutions that reflect consensus but also institutions that produce consensus and ‘manufacture consent’” (Hall, as quoted in Gavrilos, 2002, p. 428)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Toward a Measure of Community Journalism

[...]

Wilson Lowrey¹, Amanda Brozana¹, Jenn Burleson Mackay¹•Institutions (1)

University of Alabama¹

21 Jul 2008-Mass Communication and Society

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the first stage in the development of a multiple-item summated scale to measure the degree to which media outlets aid community by negotiating shared symbolic meaning and facilitating the process of negotiation and sharing.

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Abstract: This article reports the first stage in the development of a multiple-item summated scale to measure the degree to which media outlets aid community. Through a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of scholarship on community and news media, the article develops theoretical constructs of community and community journalism as well as general items for a summated measurement scale. Findings suggest (a) community is a process of negotiating shared symbolic meaning, and (b) degree of structure, or the degree to which facilities, institutions, and spaces are structured for interaction, facilitates the process of negotiation and sharing. In light of this definition of community as process, community news media should (a) facilitate the process of negotiating and making meaning about community and (b) reveal or ensure understanding of community structure. Community media aid this process by both listening and leading and by both encouraging pluralism and offering cohesive, coherent representations of the...

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66 citations

Cites background from "Arab Americans in a Nation's Imagin..."

...Imagined community can be grounded in some shared physical characteristic, such as identification with ethnic group (e.g., Fraley & Lester-Roushanzamir, 2004; Ganje, 1998; Gavrilos, 2002; Heinz, 2005; Mastin, 2000; Viswanath, 2000), immigrant issues (Coole, 2002; Shi, 2005; Trasciatti, 2003), sexual orientation (Hicks & Warren, 1998), and shared health problems (Hoffman-Goetz, Friedman, & Clarke, 2005; Marks, Reed, Colby, & Ibrahim, 2004)....
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...…be grounded in some shared physical characteristic, such as identification with ethnic group (e.g., Fraley & Lester-Roushanzamir, 2004; Ganje, 1998; Gavrilos, 2002; Heinz, 2005; Mastin, 2000; Viswanath, 2000), immigrant issues (Coole, 2002; Shi, 2005; Trasciatti, 2003), sexual orientation (Hicks &…...
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References

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Book•

Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism

[...]

Benedict R. O'g. Anderson

01 Jan 1983

TL;DR: In this paper, Anderson examines the creation and global spread of the 'imagined communities' of nationality and explores the processes that created these communities: the territorialisation of religious faiths, the decline of antique kingship, the interaction between capitalism and print, the development of vernacular languages-of-state, and changing conceptions of time.

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Abstract: What makes people love and die for nations, as well as hate and kill in their name? While many studies have been written on nationalist political movements, the sense of nationality - the personal and cultural feeling of belonging to the nation - has not received proportionate attention. In this widely acclaimed work, Benedict Anderson examines the creation and global spread of the 'imagined communities' of nationality. Anderson explores the processes that created these communities: the territorialisation of religious faiths, the decline of antique kingship, the interaction between capitalism and print, the development of vernacular languages-of-state, and changing conceptions of time. He shows how an originary nationalism born in the Americas was modularly adopted by popular movements in Europe, by the imperialist powers, and by the anti-imperialist resistances in Asia and Africa. This revised edition includes two new chapters, one of which discusses the complex role of the colonialist state's mindset in the development of Third World nationalism, while the other analyses the processes by which all over the world, nations came to imagine themselves as old.

...read moreread less

25,018 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism

[...]

Christopher W Morris

01 Sep 1995-History of European Ideas

TL;DR: In this paper, Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism are discussed. And the history of European ideas: Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 721-722.

...read moreread less

13,842 citations

"Arab Americans in a Nation's Imagin..." refers background in this paper

...Through the newspaper, the nation is able to be, according to Anderson (1991), imagined because themembers of even the smallest nationwill never knowmost of their fellow members. . . ....
[...]
...Thus, the newspaper creates an anthropomorphic sense of the nation as “a sociological organismmoving calendrically through homogeneous, empty time” (Anderson 1991, 26)....
[...]
...This results in a unified and homogeneous sense of imagined community, cultural collective, or “deep, horizontal comradeship,” as Anderson (1991) stated....
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Book•

Selections from the Prison Notebooks

[...]

Antonio Gramsci

01 Jan 1971

6,760 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Racial formation in the United States : from the 1960s to the 1980s

[...]

Michael Omi, Howard Winant

21 Jan 1988-Political Science Quarterly

TL;DR: In this article, the authors close the Pandora's box and discuss race and the ''New Democrats'' in the context of the 2008 United States presidential election, and discuss the great transformation of the United States.

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Abstract: 1. Ethnicity 2. Class 3. Nation Towards a Racial Formation Perspective Part Two 4. Racial Formation 5. The Racial State Part Three 6. The Great Transformation 7. Race and Reaction Conclusion Epilogue: Closing Pandora's Box -- Race and the \"New Democrats\

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3,884 citations

萨义德的“Orientalism”释义

[...]

郭婷

01 Jan 2015

TL;DR: Familiarity, ease of access, trust, and awareness of risks, will all be important for the future.

...read moreread less

3,845 citations