Are Indian electricity consumers ready to become solar prosumers

Abstract: Abstract One of the biggest challenges of rural electrification through renewables is getting people to see the bigger picture: we are not only helping African children who still do their homework by candlelight, there is also a growing market out there yet to be fully tapped by the private sector. It is the proverbial win-win situation. If private companies are willing to take a chance and invest on the extraordinary potential of these countries, there is no telling the proportions that the market might take. In the next few years, renewable energy can become both a formidable boost to Africa's economic development and the answer to the problem of energy access.

Abstract: Control panel is a cabinet which contains electrical components to control the equipments, motors etc. A smart control panel performs the same operation as that of conventional panel but the difference is controlling action is performed by the advanced technology such as programming through micro controllers. The world, especially developing countries like India is facing ‘Energy Crisis’. There is a significant gap in the demand and supply for electricity. As country is progressing towards development, this gap is increasing. Tackling this situation is very important to continue country's ascending path. In order to meet the solution, a number of options are being considered with a large focus on renewable energy research & development. This project is about the smart switching between the energy sources especifically Solar, Mains and Diesel Generator(DG). An inverter is required to convert Direct Current(DC) output of Solar panels to Alternating Current(AC). Here Grid tied inverter(GTI) is used which itself does the synchronization of its output. Auto mains failure Controller(AMF) is used to automatically start the DG and at the same time it does synchronization of DG. The elegance of the project is that two electric energy sources (solar-grid or solar-diesel) are able to be used together for running big energy consumer needs. This leads to the reduction of demand of electricity from grid and also enhances the use of electricity from solar source.

Abstract: Domestic electricity consumers with PV panels have become known as "prosumers"; some of them also have energy storage and we have named the combination "prosumage". The challenges of renewable intermittency could be offset by storing power, and many engineering studies consider the role and value of storage which is properly integrated into the 'smart grid'. Such a system with holistic optimal control may fail to materialise for regulatory, economic, or behavioural reasons. We therefore model the impact of naive prosumage: households which use storage only to maximise self-consumption of PV, with no consideration of the wider system. We find it is neither economic for arbitrage nor particularly beneficial for shaving peaks and filling troughs in national net demand. The extreme case of renewable self-sufficiency, becoming completely independent of the grid, is still prohibitively expensive in Britain and Germany, and even in a country like Spain with a much better solar resource.

Abstract: The determination of the optimal and just policy in the presence of chance and risk encompasses some of the most important problems of societies and can be seen as comprehending the whole issue of distributive justice. The application of the general theory of justice to chance and risk reveals the meanings and implicit assumptions of previous studies, and it yields useful and meaningful concepts and conclusions, such as the strictly concave evaluation function, the meaning of the theories of the original position, the theories of the partially original position (fundamental insurances and self-ascriptions), and the general logic of the relations between risk and inequality.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to assess the financial feasibility of setting up Rooftop Photovoltaic (RTPV) systems in Bengaluru which is in the state of Karnataka, India. The Renewable Energy Policy of the state mandates the installation of 250 MW of RTPV systems by 2014, while research shows that the domestic RTPV potential in Bengaluru alone is around 560 MW. To achieve this potential, the Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited (KREDL) and the Karnataka Electricity Regulatory Commission (KERC) formulated policy incentives in the form of net metering at rates of Rs. 9.56/kWh (without the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) capital subsidy) and Rs. 7.2/kWh (with MNRE capital subsidy). Techno-economic assessment of RTPV systems show that these rates lead to viable business cases for the consumers. However, due to Bangalore Electricity Supply Company׳s (BESCOM) poor finances, a cap of 75% on the capacity of any installed RTPV system based on rated load has been set for all interested parties. Unless this cap is removed, the net metering scheme can never gain momentum in Karnataka because the power generated from the RTPV system will not exceed the monthly consumption. An additional amount of Rs. 81.6 crores per annum is required to reach the 250 MW target. BESCOM can tap the proposed State Clean Energy Fund (SCEF) to pay RTPV project developers. Other revenue models such as feed in tariffs (FiT) and the Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) schemes have been considered for analysis of larger RTPV systems on industrial and commercial rooftops.