Are natural deep eutectic solvents the missing link in understanding cellular metabolism and physiology
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...…form at room temperature; but the composition of the mixture of sugars in this secretion is a liquid similar to our proposed composition, a fructose-glucose-sucrose NADES (Choi et al., 2011), and the same applies for the components found in the honey, which is composed of glucose and fructose (Fig....
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...Surprisingly, different kinds of sugars or organic acids mixtures can also form liquids, such as fructose-glucose-sucrose (Choi et al., 2011) and malic acidcitric acid....
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...To prove our recently published hypothesis (Choi et al., 2011) that ILs and DES might play an important role as a liquid phase for solubilizing, storing, and transporting non-water soluble metabolites in living cells and organisms, we tested different mixtures of various abundant cellular…...
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...In fact, the ingredients for natural ILs and DES are abundant in organisms, which leads to our hypothesis that the natural ILs and DES play important physiological roles as a third medium polar liquid in living cells and organisms (Choi et al., 2011)....
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...The occurrence of ILs and DES in living organisms can explain many of these biological phenomena (Choi et al., 2011)....
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"Are natural deep eutectic solvents ..." refers methods in this paper
...Using the liquids made from synthetic chemicals, ILs and DES now have many different applications such as dissolving polymers and metals and as media for biotransformation (Welton, 1999; Wasserscheid and Keim, 2000; Abbott et al., 2004; Gorke et al., 2008)....
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"Are natural deep eutectic solvents ..." refers background in this paper
...The field of ILs began in 1914, when Paul Walden (Plechkova and Seddon, 2008) reported on the physical properties of ethylammonium nitrate....
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"Are natural deep eutectic solvents ..." refers background in this paper
...Desiccation tolerance is for more severe conditions in which water content is lower than 0.3 g water g21 dry weight and widespread in ferns, mosses, pollen, and seeds (Oliver and Bewley, 1996; Hoekstra et al., 2001)....
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...…found to correlate with the induction of sugars, including disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and some amino acids like Pro, Glu, and Gly-betaine (Hoekstra et al., 2001); the exact roles of the induced compounds are not clear yet, but glass formation by the sugars (amorphous solid of high…...
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...There are two types of tolerance to dehydration, drought and desiccation tolerance (Hoekstra et al., 2001)....
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...Interestingly, the drought tolerance was found to correlate with the induction of sugars, including disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and some amino acids like Pro, Glu, and Gly-betaine (Hoekstra et al., 2001); the exact roles of the induced compounds are not clear yet, but glass formation by the sugars (amorphous solid of high viscosity, with highly restricted mobility of the components) is thought to be a key factor....
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751 citations
"Are natural deep eutectic solvents ..." refers background in this paper
...Considering all the information we have collected in recent years using our protocol for NMR-based metabolomics (Kim et al., 2010), we asked ourselves why a few very simple molecules are always present in considerable amounts in all microbial, mammalian, and plant cells....
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