Argument structure in Hindi

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Argument structure in Hindi

01 Jan 1994-

TL;DR: In this article, the conceptual framework of Hindi syntax is introduced and an introduction to Hindi syntax and the case system is discussed, including verb agreement and word order, grammatical subjecthood and indirect case on subjects.

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Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction 2. An introduction to Hindi syntax 3. The conceptual framework 4. The case system 5. Verb agreement and word order 6. Grammatical subjecthood 7. Indirect case on subjects 8. Complex predicates 9. Conclusion References Index.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Differential Object Marking: Iconicity vs. Economy

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Judith Aissen¹•Institutions (1)

University of California, Santa Cruz¹

01 Aug 2003-Natural Language and Linguistic Theory

TL;DR: The degree to which DOM penetrates the class of objects reflects the tension between two types of principles: one involves iconicity: the more marked a direct object qua object, the more likely it is to be overtly case-marked.

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Abstract: A formal approach to the typology of differential object marking (DOM) is developed within the framework of Optimality Theory. The functional/typological literature has established that variation in DOM is structured by the dimensions of animacy and definiteness, with degree of prominence on these dimensions directly correlated with the likelihood of overt case-marking. In the present analysis, the degree to which DOM penetrates the class of objects reflects the tension between two types of principles. One involves iconicity: the more marked a direct object qua object, the more likely it is to be overtly case-marked. The other is a principle of economy: avoid case-marking. The tension between the two principles is resolved differently in different languages, as determined by language-particular ranking of the corresponding constraints. Constraints expressing object markedness are derived throughharmonic alignment of prominence scales. Harmonic alignment predicts a corresponding phenomenon ofdifferential subject marking. This too exists, though in a less articulated form.

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862 citations

Cites background or methods from "Argument structure in Hindi"

...(Mohanan 1994a, 87-88) Object marking has quite a different function then for inanimates than it has for humans: in the case of inanimates only, it marks definiteness....
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...(Mohanan 1994a, 183) But it is also obligatory with human-referring definite descriptions, and appears to be the rule for indefinites as well....
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...Mohanan (1994a, 80) cites (35) below showing that a human object must be case marked, whether it is interpreted as definite or indefinite; Comrie (1989, 133) cites (36) to show that case marking is preferred in this situation....
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...However, there are a number of sources which deal with aspects of it, especially (Masica 1982; Junghare 1983; Magier 1987; Butt 1993; Mohanan 1993; Mohanan 1994s; Mohanan 1994b)....
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...Analogous data is cited in Mohanan (1994a, 79)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Lexical Case, Inherent Case, and Argument Structure

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Ellen Woolford¹•Institutions (1)

University of Massachusetts Amherst¹

13 Mar 2006-Linguistic Inquiry

TL;DR: In addition to the division in Case theory between structural and non-structural cases, the theory must distinguish two kinds of nonstructural Case: lexical Case and inherent Case.

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Abstract: In addition to the division in Case theory between structural and non-structural Case, the theory must distinguish two kinds of nonstructural Case: lexical Case and inherent Case. Lexical Case is i...

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305 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Morphological and Abstract Case

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Julie Anne Legate¹•Institutions (1)

Cornell University¹

04 Jan 2008-Linguistic Inquiry

TL;DR: It is argued that morphological case realizes abstract Case features in a postsyntactic morphology, according to the Elsewhere Condition, and proposals that case and agreement are purely morphological phenomena are critiqued.

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Abstract: This article explores the relationship between abstract Case and morphological case. I argue that abstract Case features are determined syntactically and realized in a postsyntactic morphological component. This morphological realization of abstract Case features is governed by the Elsewhere Condition (Anderson 1969, Kiparsky 1973, Halle and Marantz 1993, Halle 1997), resulting in an imperfect relationship between syntax and morphology, but one that is as faithful as possible given the morphological resources of the language. The data used in the argumentation come primarily from ergative languages. I identify a class of prima facie ergative-absolutive languages in which absolutive—that is, a case that groups together intransitive subjects and transitive objects—does not exist, either as an abstract Case or as a morphological case. Instead, the ''absolutive'' is the default morphological realization of abstract Case features, used when no realization of the specific Case feature is available. This morphological default is inserted for both nominative Case on the intransitive subject and accusative Case on the transitive object. The situation is thus entirely parallel to that

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294 citations

Cites background from "Argument structure in Hindi"

...(Mohanan 1994:80–81) Obviously, the lack of dative morphology on gaay ‘cow’ on the nonspecific interpretation is not due to the lack of an appropriate dative morpheme, since the dative morpheme appears on gaay in the specific interpretation....
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...(Mohanan 1994:71) b. ravii roTii khaaegaa....
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...(Mohanan 1994:81) Even when the object of ‘write’ is specific, it cannot bear dative....
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...ABS ‘Anu’s old book’ (Mohanan 1994:13) In contrast, O that bears absolutive in finite clauses also bears absolutive in nonfinite clauses, and does not bear genitive (Mohanan 1994:78)....
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...…of ergativity in these languages, see these works, among others: for Warlpiri, Simpson 1991, Bittner and Hale 1996a,b; for Niuean, Massam 2006; for Enga, Li and Lang 1979, Van Valin 1981; and for Hindi, Mahajan 1990, 2000, Mohanan 1994, Butt and King 2004, Davison 2004, Anand and Nevins 2006....
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LANGUAGE IN INDIA Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

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Arvind Jadhav, Ugc-Net English, Yashwantrao Chavan

01 Jan 2014

TL;DR: Investigation of the phonological length of utterance in native Kannada speaking children of 3 to 7 years age revealed increase inPMLU score as the age increased suggesting a developmental trend in PMLU acquisition.

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Abstract: Phonological mean length of utterance (PMLU) is a whole word measure for measuring phonological proficiency. It measures the length of a child’s word and the number of correct consonants. The present study investigated the phonological length of utterance in native Kannada speaking children of 3 to 7 years age. A total of 400 subjects in the age range of 3-7 years participated in the study. Spontaneous speech samples were elicited from each child and analyzed for PMLU as per the rules suggested by Ingram. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were employed to compare the differences between the means of PMLU scores across the gender and the age respectively. The result revealed increase in PMLU score as the age increased suggesting a developmental trend in PMLU acquisition. No statistically significant differences were observed between the means of PMLU scores across the gender.

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230 citations

The Light Verb Jungle

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Miriam Butt¹•Institutions (1)

University of Manchester¹

01 Jan 2003

TL;DR: The light verb systematically contributes to the argument structure of a predicate they are syn-tactically and semantically dependent on as mentioned in this paper, and the light verb is seen as contributing to a predicate's argument structure.

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Abstract: The Light Verb is FunctionalSeveral approaches assume that the light verb simply serves as a licenser of predication:• Grimshaw and Mester 1988 — N-V complex predicates with Japanese suru ‘do’(assume a notion of Argument Transfer)• Cattell 1984 — V+NP phenomena in English.Light Verbs are a Type of Auxiliary• Hacker 1958 – Light verbs are essentially redundant elements:eine eigentu¨mliche, nicht nur bei den Hilfsverben [= light verbs] wirksame,sondern die ganze Sprache durchziehende stilistische Tendenz des Hindi inAktion: die Neigung zum Pleonasmus.• Hook 1974, 1991 — Light verbs are vector verbs that serve an explicating or aspectualfunction.• Abeill´e, Godard, and Sag 1998 — Tense auxiliaries and causative faire constructionsin French are both analyzed as complex predicates.• Most any GB/MP approach.Complex Predicates are a Variation on Control/Raising• Huang 1992 — Analyzes Chinese ba and de constructions as an instance of control.The Light Verb Systematically Contributes to the Argument StructureLight verbs are seen as contributing to the argument structure of a predicate they are syn-tactically and semantically dependent on.• Rosen 1989 — Posits light (empty), partial, and complete merger at the level of argu-ment structure for Romance restructuring verbs and causatives.• Alsina 1996, Mohanan 1994, Butt 1995 — Posit the notion of Predicate Composition,Argument Merger and Argument Fusion in order to account for Romance, Hindi andUrdu complex predicates, respectively.

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194 citations

Cites background from "Argument structure in Hindi"

...Alsina (1996), Mohanan (1994), Butt (1995) respectively propose the notios f Predicate Composition, Argument MergerandArgument Fusionin order to account for Romance, Hindi and Urdu complex predicates....
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Argument structure in Hindi

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Cites background or methods from "Argument structure in Hindi"

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Cites background from "Argument structure in Hindi"

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