Arthropodofauna richness and abundance across beach-dune systems with contrasting morphodynamics
TL;DR: In this paper, the across-shore distribution of arthropods in two Uruguayan sandy beach-dune systems with contrasting morphodynamics was investigated, and a deconstructive analysis was performed to describe faunal changes from the dunes to the shoreline.
About: This article is published in Regional Studies in Marine Science.The article was published on 2021-05-01. It has received 4 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Beach morphodynamics & Supralittoral zone.
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TL;DR: In this article , the Cumulative Harshness Hypothesis (CHH) was proposed to predict higher sensitivity of beach macroinvertebrates to human disturbances when inhabiting a harsher physical environment according to their life histories.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined how the abundance, taxonomic richness, and functional richness of sandy beach fauna are affected by coastal armoring and found that the abundance and biomass of upper-beach arthropods were lower at armored beaches, mainly in the subtidal zones, because of a reduction in polychaete and molluscan abundance.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the performance of several popular and under-evaluated sandy beach bioindicators from distinct groups to act as indicators of urbanization impacts, but controlling for and disentangling the effects of natural variability.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors studied the relationship between beach morphodynamics and body size, weight and body condition of the wolf spider Allocosa marindia in two contiguous estuarine beaches with contrasting morphodynamics.
Abstract: Sandy beach macrofaunal communities are mainly structured by the independent response of species to the harsh physical environment. The theoretical framework for sandy beach ecology has been mainly developed on the basis of the outstanding role of morphodynamic factors on resident fauna in this narrow land-sea interface. In the case of supralittoral species, the habitat safety hypothesis (HSH) predicts an increase in body size and weight (among several individual and population attributes) from dissipative beaches (fine sand, gentle slope) to reflective beaches (coarse sand, steep slope). Spiders are relevant components of coastal ecosystems due to their strict dependence on prey availability and their carnivore condition; however, the HSH has never before been tested in this taxonomic group. We studied the relationship between beach morphodynamics and body size, weight and body condition of the wolf spider Allocosa marindia. We performed simultaneous collections of adults of A. marindia in two contiguous estuarine beaches with contrasting morphodynamics. As males were scarce, we measured and weighed only females. In agreement with predictions of the HSH, individuals were larger and heavier at the reflective beach. Individual size, weight and body condition were higher at the beginning of the reproductive period. Reflective beaches would act as more benign environments, providing secure microhabitats for the individuals and their potential prey, while affecting positively body traits during development. Our results provide the first formal testing of the HSH in a sand-dwelling spider on beaches with contrasting morphodynamics.
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TL;DR: Copyright (©) 1999–2012 R Foundation for Statistical Computing; permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and permission notice are preserved on all copies.
Abstract: Copyright (©) 1999–2012 R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by the R Core Team.
272,030 citations
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19 Jun 2013
TL;DR: The second edition of this book is unique in that it focuses on methods for making formal statistical inference from all the models in an a priori set (Multi-Model Inference).
Abstract: Introduction * Information and Likelihood Theory: A Basis for Model Selection and Inference * Basic Use of the Information-Theoretic Approach * Formal Inference From More Than One Model: Multi-Model Inference (MMI) * Monte Carlo Insights and Extended Examples * Statistical Theory and Numerical Results * Summary
36,993 citations
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01 Jan 1983TL;DR: In this paper, a generalization of the analysis of variance is given for these models using log- likelihoods, illustrated by examples relating to four distributions; the Normal, Binomial (probit analysis, etc.), Poisson (contingency tables), and gamma (variance components).
Abstract: The technique of iterative weighted linear regression can be used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters with observations distributed according to some exponential family and systematic effects that can be made linear by a suitable transformation. A generalization of the analysis of variance is given for these models using log- likelihoods. These generalized linear models are illustrated by examples relating to four distributions; the Normal, Binomial (probit analysis, etc.), Poisson (contingency tables) and gamma (variance components).
23,215 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a bar on the Brazos River near Calvert, Texas, has been analyzed in order to determine the geologic meaning of certain grain size parameters and to study the behavior of the size fractions with transport.
Abstract: A bar on the Brazos River near Calvert, Texas, has been analyzed in order to determine the geologic meaning of certain grain size parameters and to study the behavior of the size fractions with transport. The bar consists of a strongly bimodal mixture of pebble gravel and medium to fine sand; there is a lack of material in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm, because the source does not supply particles of this size. The size distributions of the two modes, which were established in the parent deposits, are nearly invariant over the bar because the present environment of deposition only affects the relative proportions of the two modes, not the grain size properties of the modes themselves. Two proportions are most common; the sediment either contains no gravel or else contains about 60% gravel. Three sediment types with characteristic bedding features occur on the bar in constant stratigraphic order, with the coarsest at the base. Statistical analysis of the data is based on a series of grain size parameters modified from those of Inman (1952) to provide a more detailed coverage of non-normal size curves. Unimodal sediments have nearly normal curves as defined by their skewness and kurtosis. Non-normal kurtosis and skewness values are held to be the identifying characteristics of bimodal sediments even where such modes are not evident in frequency curves. The relative proportions of each mode define a systematic series of changes in numerical properties; mean size, standard deviation and skewness are shown to be linked in a helical trend, which is believed to be applicable to many other sedimentary suites. The equations of the helix may be characteristic of certain environments. Kurtosis values show rhythmic pulsations along the helix and are diagnostic of two-generation sediments.
6,310 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of terminology in geology has been discussed and the need for greater uniformity of usage and hence much confusion has arisen due to the indiscriminate use of the terms both in the old and new senses.
Abstract: In no other science does the problem of terminology present so many difficulties as in geology. With the growth of knowledge in any field of investigation, men devise new terms or redefine old ones in the attempt to convey more precise and definite ideas. In all the branches of science much confusion has followed the redefinition of old terms because of the indiscriminate use of the terms both in the old and the new senses. But in geology, difficulties of this kind are peculiarly great. Because geology is a field science and has followed in the footsteps of exploration, it has acquired terms from all parts of the world. Many of the names for the less common special features have come from the dialect or colloquial speech of that part of the world where they are best developed. With the use of these terms of geologists of other regions, much irregularity of usage and hence much confusion has arisen. Since '917, the writer had been engaged in the study of abrasion and shaping of cobbles and pebbles by the action of running water. In the course of this study the loose usage of cobble, pebble, and related terms (in which his own practice was no exception) has impressed him with the need of greater uniformity of usage and
5,425 citations