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Journal ArticleDOI

Assessing risk of heavy metals from consuming food grown on sewage irrigated soils and food chain transfer.

TL;DR: Partitioning pattern of soil revealed high levels of Zn, Cr, and Cu associated with labile fractions, making them more mobile and plant available, and human risk was found to be high for Zn followed by Cr and Pb with special reference to leafy vegetables particularly spinach and amaranthus.
About: This article is published in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety.The article was published on 2008-03-01. It has received 810 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Hazard quotient.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Estimated daily intake (EDI) and THQs for Cd and Pb of rice and vegetables exceeded the FAO/WHO permissible limit and bio-accumulation factors of heavy metals were significantly higher for leafy than for non-leafy vegetable.

1,022 citations


Cites background from "Assessing risk of heavy metals from..."

  • ...The THQ has been recognized as a useful parameter for evaluation of risk associated with the consumption of metal contaminated foodcrops (Rupert et al., 2004; SridharaChary et al., 2008)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review focuses on and describes heavy metal contamination in soil-food crop subsystems with respect to human health risks, and explores the possible geographical pathways of heavy metals in such subsystems.

952 citations


Cites background from "Assessing risk of heavy metals from..."

  • ...The primary sources of heavy metals in the soil environment and agriculture are atmospheric deposition, livestock manure, irrigation with wastewater or polluted water, metallo-pesticides or herbicides, phosphate-based fertilizers, and sewage sludge–based amendments (Chary et al., 2008; Cai et al., 2009; Luo et al., 2009; Mansour et al., 2009; Gall et al., 2015; Lv et al., 2015; Elgallal et al., 2016; Woldetsadik et al., 2017; El-Kady and Abdel-Wahhab, 2018)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review examines the mechanisms for the enhanced bioremediation of metal(loid)s by organic amendments and discusses the practical implications in relation to sequestration and bioavailability of metal-loids in soils.

763 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...ity [26–28]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review focuses on plant uptake of the toxic elements arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, and lead and their possible transfer to the food chain.

758 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study suggests that wastewater irrigation led to accumulation of heavy metals in food stuff causing potential health risks to consumers, and heavy metal contamination in the wastewater irrigated site presented a significant threat of negative impact on human health.

728 citations


Cites background from "Assessing risk of heavy metals from..."

  • ...Sridhara Chary et al. (2008) also reported highest enrichment factor for heavy metals through leafy vegetables....

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References
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Book
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: The Biosphere The Anthroposphere Soils and Soil Processes Weathering Processes Pedogenic Processes Soil Constituents Trace Elements Minerals Organic Matter Organisms in Soils Trace Elements in Plants.
Abstract: Chapter 1 The Biosphere Chapter 2 The Anthroposphere Introduction Air Pollution Water Pollution Soil Plants Chapter 3 Soils and Soil Processes Introduction Weathering Processes Pedogenic Processes Chapter 4 Soil Constituents Introduction Trace Elements Minerals Organic Matter Organisms in Soils Chapter 5 Trace Elements in Plants Introduction Absorption Translocation Availability Essentiality and Deficiency Toxicity and Tolerance Speciation Interaction Chapter 6 Elements of Group 1 (Previously Group Ia) Introduction Lithium Rubidium Cesium Chapter 7 Elements of Group 2 (Previously Group IIa) Beryllium Strontium Barium Radium Chapter 8 Elements of Group 3 (Previously Group IIIb) Scandium Yttrium Lanthanides Actinides Chapter 9 Elements of Group 4 (Previously Group IVb) Titanium Zirconium Hafnium Chapter 10 Elements of Group 5 (Previously Group Vb) Vanadium Niobium Tantalum Chapter 11 Elements of Group 6 (Previously Group VIb) Chromium Molybdenum Tungsten Chapter 12 Elements of Group 7 (Previously Group VIIb) Manganese Technetium Rhenium Chapter 13 Elements of Group 8 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Iron Ruthenium Osmium Chapter 14 Elements of Group 9 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Cobalt Rhodium Iridium Chapter 15 Elements of Group 10 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Nickel Palladium Platinum Chapter 16 Elements of Group 11 (Previously Group Ib) Copper Silver Gold Chapter 17 Trace Elements of Group 12 (Previously of Group IIb) Zinc Cadmium Mercury Chapter 18 Elements of Group 13 (Previously Group IIIa) Boron Aluminum Gallium Indium Thallium Chapter 19 Elements of Group I4 (Previously Group IVa) Silicon Germanium Tin Lead Chapter 20 Elements of Group 15 (Previously Group Va) Arsenic Antimony Bismuth Chapter 21 Elements of Group 16 (Previously Group VIa) Selenium Tellurium Polonium Chapter 22 Elements of Group 17 (Previously Group VIIa) Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine

9,739 citations

Book
17 Mar 1994
TL;DR: In this article, an introduction to modern soil chemistry describes chemical processes in soils in terms of established principles of inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry, providing an understanding of the structure of the solid mineral and organic materials from which soils are formed.
Abstract: This introduction to modern soil chemistry describes chemical processes in soils in terms of established principles of inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry. The text provides an understanding of the structure of the solid mineral and organic materials from which soils are formed, and explains such important processes as cation exchange, chemisorption and physical absorption of organic and inorganic ions and molecules, soil acidification and weathering, oxidation-reduction reactions, and development of soil alkalinity and swelling properties. Environmental rather than agricultural topics are emphasized, with individual chapters on such pollutants as heavy metals, trace elements, and inorganic chemicals.

6,735 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The DRIs represent the new approach adopted by the Food and Nutrition Board to providing quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes for use in a variety of settings, replacing and expanding on the past 50 years of periodic updates and revisions of the Recommended Dietary Allowances.
Abstract: Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) represent the new approach adopted by the Food and Nutrition Board to providing quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes for use in a variety of settings, replacing and expanding on the past 50 years of periodic updates and revisions of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). The DRI activity is a comprehensive effort undertaken to include current concepts about the role of nutrients and food components in long-term health, going beyond deficiency diseases. The DRIs consist of 4 reference intakes: the RDA, which is to be used as a goal for the individual; the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL), which is given to assist in advising individuals what levels of intake may result in adverse effects if habitually exceeded; the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), the intake level at which the data indicate that the needs for 50% of those consuming it will not be met; and the Adequate Intake (AI), a level judged by the experts developing the reference intakes to meet the needs of all individuals in a group, but which is based on much less data and substantially more judgment than that used in establishing an EAR and subsequently the RDA. When an RDA cannot be set, an AI is given. Both are to be used as goals for an individual. Two reports have been issued providing DRIs for nutrients and food components reviewed to date: these include calcium and its related nutrients: phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride; and most recently, folate, the B vitamins, and choline. The approaches used to determine the DRIs, the reference values themselves, and the plans for future nutrients and food components are discussed. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98: 699–706 .

5,266 citations

Book
01 Apr 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the origin of heavy metals in soils is discussed, and methods of analysis for heavy metal analysis in soils are presented, as well as the potential environment significance of less abundant elements.
Abstract: General principles. Introduction. Soil processes and the behaviour of heavy metals. The origin of heavy metals in soils. Methods of analysis for heavy metals in soils. Individual elements. Arsenic. Cadmium. Chromium and nickel. Copper. Lead. Maganese and cobalt. Mercury. Selenium. Zinc. Other less abundant elements of potential environment significance. Appendices.

4,025 citations


"Assessing risk of heavy metals from..." refers background in this paper

  • ...(1984), Alloway and Ayres (1993). N....

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  • ...Alloway (1990). Venkateshwarulu and Sampath Kumar (1982), Syamala (1999), Buechler e Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a case study was undertaken to assess the long-term effect of sewage irrigation on heavy metal content in soils, plants and groundwater, which indicated that sewage effluents contained much higher amount of P, K, S, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni compared to groundwater.

995 citations


"Assessing risk of heavy metals from..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Many researchers have experienced HQ as a reliable data for evaluation of risk associated with the consumption of metal contaminated vegetables (Rupert et al., 2004; Rattan et al., 2005)....

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  • ...From our survey and questionnaire it is evident that the participants are exposed to higher-than expected and acceptable concentration of metals (Syamala, 1999; Rattan et al., 2005)....

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  • ...There are few such studies conducted in India on the metal contamination of soils resulting from sewage irrigation (Agrawal, 1999; Singh et al., 2004; Rattan et al., 2005; Sharma et al., 2007)....

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