Association between human rhinovirus C and severity of acute asthma in children
Joelene Bizzintino,Wai-Ming Lee,Ingrid A. Laing,F. Vang,Tressa Pappas,Guicheng Zhang,Andrew J. Martin,S Khoo,Desmond W. Cox,Gary C. Geelhoed,Peter C. McMinn,Jack Goldblatt,James E. Gern,P. N. Le Souëf +13 more
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TLDR
HRVC accounts for the majority of asthma attacks in children presenting to hospital and causes more severe attacks than previously known HRV groups and other viruses.Abstract:
A new and potentially more pathogenic group of human rhinovirus (HRV), group C (HRVC), has recently been discovered. We hypothesised that HRVC would be present in children with acute asthma and cause more severe attacks than other viruses or HRV groups. Children with acute asthma (n = 128; age 2-16 yrs) were recruited on presentation to an emergency department. Asthma exacerbation severity was assessed, and respiratory viruses and HRV strains were identified in a nasal aspirate. The majority of the children studied had moderate-to-severe asthma (85.2%) and 98.9% were admitted to hospital. HRV was detected in 87.5% and other respiratory viruses in 14.8% of children, most of whom also had HRV. HRVC was present in the majority of children with acute asthma (59.4%) and associated with more severe asthma. Children with HRVC (n = 76) had higher asthma severity scores than children whose HRV infection was HRVA or HRVB only (n = 34; p = 0.018), and all other children (n = 50; p = 0.016). Of the 19 children with a non-HRV virus, 13 had HRV co-infections, seven of these being HRVC. HRVC accounts for the majority of asthma attacks in children presenting to hospital and causes more severe attacks than previously known HRV groups and other viruses.read more
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Cadherin-related family member 3, a childhood asthma susceptibility gene product, mediates rhinovirus C binding and replication.
Yury A. Bochkov,Kelly Watters,Shamaila Ashraf,Theodor F. Griggs,Mark K. Devries,Daniel J. Jackson,Ann C. Palmenberg,James E. Gern +7 more
TL;DR: It is discovered that expression of human cadherin-related family member 3 (CDHR3), a transmembrane protein with yet unknown biological function, enables RV-C binding and replication in normally unsusceptible host cells, and suggests that rs6967330 mutation could be a risk factor for RV- C wheezing illnesses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of viral infections in the development and exacerbation of asthma in children
Tuomas Jartti,James E. Gern +1 more
TL;DR: Treatments that inhibit inflammation have efficacy for RV‐induced wheezing, whereas the anti‐RSV mAb palivizumab decreases the risk of severe RSV‐induced illness and subsequent recurrent wheeze.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Rhinovirus Species and Season of Infection Determine Illness Severity
Wai Ming Lee,Robert F. Lemanske,Michael D. Evans,Fue Vang,Tressa Pappas,Ronald E. Gangnon,Daniel J. Jackson,James E. Gern +7 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that anti-HRV strategies should focus on HRV-A and -C species and identify the need for additional studies to determine mechanisms for seasonal increases of HRV severity, independent of viral prevalence, in cold weather months.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Rhinovirus Species Associated With Hospitalizations for Acute Respiratory Illness in Young US Children
Marika K. Iwane,Mila M. Prill,Xiaoyan Lu,E. Kathryn Miller,Kathryn M. Edwards,Caroline B. Hall,Marie R. Griffin,Mary Allen Staat,Larry J. Anderson,John V. Williams,Geoffrey A. Weinberg,Asad Ali,Peter G. Szilagyi,Yuwei Zhu,Dean D. Erdman +14 more
TL;DR: Compared with children infected with other viruses, children with HRV detected were similar for severe hospital outcomes and more commonly had histories or diagnoses of asthma or wheezing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Innate Immune Responses to Rhinovirus are Reduced by the High-Affinity IgE Receptor in Allergic Asthmatic Children
S.R. Durrani,Daniel J. Montville,Allison S. Pratt,Sanjukta Sahu,Mark K. Devries,Victoria Rajamanickam,Ronald E. Gangnon,Michelle A. Gill,James E. Gern,Robert F. Lemanske,Daniel J. Jackson +10 more
TL;DR: Allergic asthmatic children have impaired innate immune responses to HRV that correlate with increased FcεRI expression on pDCs and are reduced by Fc�RI cross-linking, which likely increase susceptibility to HRv-induced wheezing and asthma exacerbations.
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Asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells have a deficient innate immune response to infection with rhinovirus
Peter A. B. Wark,Sebastian L. Johnston,Fabio Bucchieri,Robert M. Powell,Sarah M. Puddicombe,Vasile Laza-Stanca,Stephen T. Holgate,Donna E. Davies +7 more
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Jonathan M Corne,Clare Marshall,Sandra Smith,Jacquie Schreiber,G. Sanderson,Stephen T. Holgate,Sebastian L. Johnston +6 more
TL;DR: People with atopic asthma are not at greater risk of rhinovirus infection than healthy individuals but suffer from more frequent LRT infections and have more severe and longer-lasting LRT symptoms.
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