Associations Between Changes in Hemoglobin and Administered Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent and Survival in Hemodialysis Patients
Citations
1,955 citations
866 citations
712 citations
Cites background from "Associations Between Changes in Hem..."
...The idea that anemia should be corrected completely was based on pathophysiologic considerations and the demonstration by numerous observational studies of an inverse association between Hb concentrations up into the normal range and intermediate outcomes such as left ventricular hypertrophy,(110) as well as hard patient outcomes such as cardiovascular events, hospital admission,(114) and death.(115,116) Of note, a recent study also showed that CKD 5D patients with naturally occurring Hb concentrations greater than 12 g/dl (120 g/l) were not at increased mortality risk....
[...]
479 citations
Cites background from "Associations Between Changes in Hem..."
...Two observational studies have demonstrated relationships between epoetin dose requirements and clinical factors such as age, diabetes mellitus, and serum ferritin.(12,13) This potential for confounding limits the ability of a data set with a single hemoglobin target or dosing strategy to discern whether the risk detected is associated with dose or with clinical factors necessitating the dose....
[...]
References
1,944 citations
854 citations
"Associations Between Changes in Hem..." refers background in this paper
...The K/DOQI guidelines (14) and the European Best Practice Guidelines (15) have recommended a hemoglobin target of 11 to 12 g/dl and 11 g/dl, respectively....
[...]
781 citations
"Associations Between Changes in Hem..." refers background in this paper
...Moreover, most of these studies examined old cohorts of dialysis patients before the contemporary era of dialysis technique and dose and more universal use of intravenous iron and vitamin D analogs, which per se may be associated with improved survival (16,28)....
[...]
...Although use of such novel epidemiologic tools as marginal structural modeling may mitigate the degree of bias by indication (28), such models were not examined in our study....
[...]
736 citations
361 citations
"Associations Between Changes in Hem..." refers background in this paper
...Amelioration of anemia by ESA results in improved quality of life in patients with CKD (9,23) and may confer protection against cardiovascular disease (24,25)....
[...]
...34 12,000 to 18,000 10,751 (19) 2,533 (24) 1,122 (11) 12....
[...]