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Journal ArticleDOI

Athletics reform and faculty perceptions

01 Dec 2009-New Directions for Higher Education (Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company)-Vol. 2009, Iss: 148, pp 73-81
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose reform initiatives for improving academic and financial oversight, but the ideas do not always conform to faculty perceptions and opinions, and the ideas are not always aligned with faculty perceptions.
Abstract: Recent reform initiatives have offered ideas for improving academic and financial oversight, but the ideas do not always conform to faculty perceptions and opinions

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, games colleges play: Scandal and reform in Intercollegiate Athletics, the authors focus on the games played by colleges in the 1990s and present a review of these games.
Abstract: (1995). Games Colleges Play: Scandal and Reform in Intercollegiate Athletics. The Journal of Higher Education: Vol. 66, No. 5, pp. 598-600.

154 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Abstract: The current investigation was designed to extend previous work on the aggressive actions of youth baseball spectators (Hennessy & Schwartz, 2007) by incorporating team identification into the research. Team identification, the extent to which a fan feels a psychological connection to a team, (Wann, Melnick, Russell, & Pease, 2001) has been found to be an important predictor of a wide variety of aggressive actions among sport consumers (Wann, 2006). Spectators (N = 80) at youth baseball games completed a questionnaire packet assessing demographics, team identification, vengeance, anger, hostility, and the likelihood of acting in a verbally or physically aggressive manner toward a number of potential targets (e.g., officials, opposing players). Consistent with expectations, team identification predicted a willingness to commit verbally aggressive acts. However, identification did not predict physical aggression.

33 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper found that white and minorities coaches have different career trajectories and position hierarchies that ultimately lead to the underrepresentation of minorities at the head coaching ranks in college football coaching positions.
Abstract: Objectives Research on minority representation and career trajectories in higher education represents a substantial body of evidence in the field; however, the empirical evidence fails to address a crucial area: intercollegiate athletics. This study aims to address the gap in the empirical work and study the career trajectories and representation of African-Americans and Latinos in NCAA FBS football coaching positions. Methods A pipeline argument is often utilized to explain the underrepresentation of minorities in certain careers and industries. This pipeline argument is erroneous in this instance because of the number of minority players in college football that make up the “future coach career pool.” We develop a position hierarchy in which previous assistant coaching positions are seen as stepping stones to an ultimate head coaching position. Results We find that white and minorities coaches have different career trajectories and position hierarchies that ultimately lead to the underrepresentation of minorities at the head coaching ranks. Conclusions Evidence suggests sharp differences in the likelihood of certain player positions and, in turn (and likely related), certain coaching positions to achieving head coach. The career utility hierarchy developed here seems to have some validity and, most important for present purposes, shows some considerable difference in the career stepping stones of, respectively, whites and minorities.

24 citations


Cites background from "Athletics reform and faculty percep..."

  • ...…recent scholarship regarding the tension between academics and intercollegiate athletics (e.g., Colwell, 2010; King, Sexton, and Rhatigan, 2010; Lawrence, Ott, and Hendricks, 2009), most focus on efficiency and accountability of academic versus athletic budgets, including the operations of…...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors found that universities fielding a Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) team are more highly rated by administrators and faculty at peer institutions than those that do not field an FBS team.

19 citations

01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the transition of Division III student-athletes out of the college environment through applying phenomenological analysis as a qualitative tool to investigate the participants' lived experiences is explored.
Abstract: Intercollegiate athletics is a major segment of numerous college and university communities across America today. Student-athletes participate in strenuous training and competition throughout their college years while managing to balance the rigorous academic curriculum of the higher education environment. This research aims to explore the transition of Division III student-athletes out of the college environment through applying phenomenological analysis as a qualitative tool to investigate the participants’ lived experiences. The role of Division III athletics in higher education, experiences specifically related to the Division III student-athlete population, and transition experiences as these individuals navigate out of the institution and graduate to pursue future goals will be highlighted. A goal of this study is to provide a foundation for strategic steps that can be taken by both faculty and administrative divisions of the college/university setting to address the Division III athlete population more efficiently. As the well-roundedness of all students is imperative for successful integration into adult American society, college life provides the perfect interplay between academics, social activities, and integration into the real world.

18 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: Brock argues that universities, faced with these temptations, are jeopardizing their fundamental mission in their eagerness to make money by agreeing to more and more compromises with basic academic values.
Abstract: Is everything in a university for sale if the price is right? In this book, one of America's leading educators cautions that the answer is all too often "yes." Taking the first comprehensive look at the growing commercialization of our academic institutions, Derek Bok probes the efforts on campus to profit financially not only from athletics but increasingly, from education and research as well. He shows how such ventures are undermining core academic values and what universities can do to limit the damage. Commercialization has many causes, but it could never have grown to its present state had it not been for the recent, rapid growth of money-making opportunities in a more technologically complex, knowledge-based economy. A brave new world has now emerged in which university presidents, enterprising professors, and even administrative staff can all find seductive opportunities to turn specialized knowledge into profit. Bok argues that universities, faced with these temptations, are jeopardizing their fundamental mission in their eagerness to make money by agreeing to more and more compromises with basic academic values. He discusses the dangers posed by increased secrecy in corporate-funded research, for-profit Internet companies funded by venture capitalists, industry-subsidized educational programs for physicians, conflicts of interest in research on human subjects, and other questionable activities. While entrepreneurial universities may occasionally succeed in the short term, reasons Bok, only those institutions that vigorously uphold academic values, even at the cost of a few lucrative ventures, will win public trust and retain the respect of faculty and students. Candid, evenhanded, and eminently readable, Universities in the Marketplace will be widely debated by all those concerned with the future of higher education in America and beyond.

1,251 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a discussion of the influence of universities in the marketplace can be found in the context of a recent trend in the evolution of the field of finance at the University of Harvard, which is referred to as Universities in the Marketplace.
Abstract: Nos ultimos 20 anos, universidades tem mudado seu tradicional foco de formacao para cada vez mais enfatizar ensino e pesquisas multidisciplinares estreitamente relacionadas com finalidades praticas e comerciais. Na academia surgem questionamentos acerca dessas mudancas e manifestacoes preocupadas com a crescente tendencia de administrar as atividades universitarias sob o principio empresarial, de alocacao e gestao de recursos baseado no lucro. Universities in the marketplace, de Derek Bok, expresidente da Universidade de Harvard (1971-91), e uma oportuna contribuicao ao debate. As preocupacoes do autor, conhecido tambem pelo lema “se voce pensa que educacao e cara, experimente a ignorância”, estao expressas no prefacio do livro, no qual afirma que as universidades “tem estado muito mais agressivas do que antigamente em tentar ganhar dinheiro de suas atividades de ensino e pesquisa. Muitas instituicoes tem lancado [...] uma variada gama de iniciativas comerciais”. Bok deixa clara sua inquietacao sobre o fato de a recente tendencia mudar o carater academico das instituicoes de ensino superior e comprometer seus essenciais valores de continuada confianca e lealdade para com os professores, os estudantes e o publico em geral. Contra essas tendencias, ele recomenda a adocao de “apropriadas politicas” para limitar seus aspectos negativos. Segundo Bok, o inicio da comercializacao nas universidades data dos principios do seculo XX, o autor menciona as ideias de Thorstein Veblen (1918), os anuncios da Universidade de Chicago para atrair estudantes nos primeiros anos do seculo e a contratacao de um treinador de 26 anos de idade, com um salario igual ao do presidente da Universidade de Harvard em 1905, para mostrar que as atividades comerciais no interior das universidades nao sao um fenomeno recente. Entretanto, tais tendencias cresceram significativamente depois da Segunda Guerra Mundial e com muito mais forca depois da Lei Bayh-Dole (1980) que permitiu que as universidades possuissem a propriedade e licenciassem patentes de inovacoes desenvolvidas a partir do fomento publico de suas atividades. Nos Estados Unidos, a colaboracao entre as universidades e as empresas gerou sucessos comerciais, como o Vale do Silicio, o Triângulo de Pesquisa, o Milagre de Austin e a Rota 128. A comercializacao no interior das universidades, em muitos casos liderada pelas business schools, e refletida em uma serie de tendencias, em que se percebe: 1) a influencia das forcas UNIVERSITIES IN THE MARKETPLACE: THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

785 citations


"Athletics reform and faculty percep..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Athletics is meanwhile condemned for devaluing the core academic mission, being excessively commercial, and permitting unethical and even scandalous behavior (Bok, 2003; Duderstadt, 2003; Shulman and Bowen, 2002)....

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Book
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: This book discusses the institutionalization and Regulation of College Sports in Historical Perspective and the development of women's athletic programs in historical Perspective.
Abstract: List of Figures vii List of Ta61es xiii Prelude: Four Snapshots xv Preface xxv Chapter 1 The Institutionalization and Regulation of College Sports in Historical Perspective 1 Chapter 2 The Admissions Game: Recruiting Male Athletes and the Implications of Selection 29 Chapter 3 The College Game: Academic Outcomes for Men 59 Chapter 4 Men's Lives after College: Advanced Study, Jobs, Earnings 87 Chapter 5 The Development of Women's Athletic Programs 113 Chapter 6 New Players: The Recruitment and Admission of Women Athletes 126 Chapter 7 Women Athletes in College 141 Chapter 8 Women's Lives after College: Advanced Study, Family, Jobs, Earnings 157 Chapter 9 Leadership 182 Chapter 10 Giving Back 205 Chapter 11 The Financial Equation: Expenditures and Revenues 227 Chapter 12 Key Empirical Findings 258 Chapter 13 Taking Stock 268 Chapter 14 Thinking Ahead: Impediments to Change and Proposed Directions 289 Appendix A: Scorecards 311 Appendix B: Supplementary Data 355 Notes 375 References 423 Index 431

445 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that the role primacy approach to stakeholder definition is less than ideal, and the extent to which roles are likely to determine priorities, and thus the likelihood of relatively homogeneous priorities within role-based stakeholder groups is examined.
Abstract: The purpose of stakeholder management is to facilitate our understanding of increasingly unpredictable external environments, thereby facilitating our ability to manage within these environments. We argue that a powerful implicit assumption within the stakeholder literature--that priorities within role-based stakeholder groups are relatively homogeneous--blurs our understanding of organization-stakeholder relationships. Two important and related areas of concern are presented. The first involves the primacy of role in stakeholder definition. This role primacy approach to stakeholder definition is appropriate if, for a particular issue, role-based stakeholder group members have similar priorities. Individual and collective self-interest provides a rationale for this assumption. However, an important problem with this approach arises in situations in which self-interest is not the primary motivator of individuals' priorities. In these instances, subgroups within different role-based stakeholder groups might have more similar priorities than either subgroup has with others within their role-based stakeholder group. In these situations the role primacy approach impedes, rather than facilitates, an understanding of our environment. Our second concern is related to insufficient rigor in the application of stakeholder analysis. Most stakeholder studies, both theoretical and empirical, fall short in the determination of relevant interests and the subsequent subdivision of role-based stakeholder groups into rigorously defined specific stakeholder groups. Having suggested that the role primacy approach to stakeholder definition is less than ideal, we examine the extent to which, and the conditions under which, roles are likely to determine priorities, and thus, the likelihood of relatively homogeneous priorities within role-based stakeholder groups. In addition, we present an illustrative empirical analysis of stakeholder group priorities. The illustrative study is conducted within the context of intercollegiate athletics. Related literature and our empirical results indicate that role-based self-interest frequently is not a sufficient "binding tie" of stakeholder groups. Given this background, we present an alternative approach to stakeholder analysis that borrows heavily from the customer segmentation literature of marketing. Our alternative approach can accommodate heterogeneous priorities within role-based stakeholder groups.

368 citations

Book
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, Duderstadt argues that the increased commercialization of intercollegiate athletics endangers our universities and their primary goal, academics, calling it a "corrosive example of entertainment culture" during an interview with ESPN's Bob Ley.
Abstract: After decades of domination on campus, college sports' supremacy has begun to weaken. "Enough, already!" detractors cry. College is about learning, not chasing a ball around to the whir of TV cameras.In Intercollegiate Athletics and the American University James Duderstadt agrees, taking the view that the increased commercialization of intercollegiate athletics endangers our universities and their primary goal, academics. Calling it a "corrosive example of entertainment culture" during an interview with ESPN's Bob Ley, Duderstadt suggested that college basketball, for example, "imposes on the university an alien set of values, a culture that really is not conducive to the educational mission of university."Duderstadt is part of a growing controversy. Recently, as reported in "The New York Times," an alliance between university professors and college boards of trustees formed in reaction to the growth of college sports; it's the first organization with enough clout to challenge the culture of big-time university athletics.This book is certainly part of that challenge, and is sure to influence this debate today and in the years to come.James J. Duderstadt is President Emeritus and University Professor of Science and Engineering, University of Michigan.

191 citations