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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution
01 Jan 1986-
TL;DR: The Gaussian Plume Equation and Air Quality Models Atmospheric Removal Processes and Residence Times Air Pollution Statistics Acid Rain Index (AIRI) as mentioned in this paper, which measures the amount of acid rain in the air.
Abstract: Air Pollutants Effects of Air Pollution Sources of Pollutants in Combustion Processes Gas-Phase Atmospheric Chemistry Aqueous-Phase Atmospheric Chemistry Mass Transfer Aspects of Atmospheric Chemistry Properties of Aerosols Dynamics of Single Aerosol Particles Thermodynamics of Aerosols and Nucleation Theory Dynamics of Aerosol Population Air Pollution Meteorology Micrometeorology Atmospheric Diffusion Theories The Gaussian Plume Equation The Atmospheric Diffusion Equation and Air Quality Models Atmospheric Removal Processes and Residence Times Air Pollution Statistics Acid Rain Index.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method for estimating the dry deposition velocities of atmospheric gases in the U.S. and surrounding areas and incorporated it into a revised computer code module for use in numerical models of atmospheric transport and deposition of pollutants over regional scales.
2,230 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the properties of biomass relevant to combustion is briefly reviewed and the compositions of biomass among fuel types are variable, especially with respect to inorganic constituents important to the critical problems of fouling and slagging.
1,764 citations
TL;DR: The Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) is an offline global chemical transport model particularly suited for studies of the troposphere as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: . The Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) is an offline global chemical transport model particularly suited for studies of the troposphere. The updates of the model from its previous version MOZART-2 are described, including an expansion of the chemical mechanism to include more detailed hydrocarbon chemistry and bulk aerosols. Online calculations of a number of processes, such as dry deposition, emissions of isoprene and monoterpenes and photolysis frequencies, are now included. Results from an eight-year simulation (2000–2007) are presented and evaluated. The MOZART-4 source code and standard input files are available for download from the NCAR Community Data Portal ( http://cdp.ucar.edu ).
1,547 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify specific compounds that are likely to contribute to the water-soluble fraction by juxtaposing observations regarding the extraction characteristics and the molecular composition of atmospheric particulate organics with compound-specific solubility and condensibility for a wide variety of organics.
Abstract: Although organic compounds typically constitute a substantial fraction of the fine particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere, their molecular composition remains poorly characterized. This is largely because atmospheric particles contain a myriad of diverse organic compounds, not all of which extract in a single solvent or elute through a gas chromatograph; therefore, a substantial portion typically remains unanalyzed. Most often the chemical analysis is performed on a fraction that extracts in organic solvents such as benzene, ether or hexane; consequently, information on the molecular composition of the water-soluble fraction is particularly sparse and incomplete. This paper investigates theoretically the characteristics of the water-soluble fraction by splicing together various strands of information from the literature. We identify specific compounds that are likely to contribute to the water-soluble fraction by juxtaposing observations regarding the extraction characteristics and the molecular composition of atmospheric particulate organics with compound-specific solubility and condensibility for a wide variety of organics. The results show that water-soluble organics, which constitute a substantial fraction of the total organic mass, include C2 to C7 multifunctional compounds (e.g., diacids, polyols, amino acids). The importance of diacids is already recognized; our results provide an impetus for new experiments to establish the atmospheric concentrations and sources of polyols, amino acids and other oxygenated multifunctional compounds.
1,115 citations
TL;DR: The Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanism (RACM) as discussed by the authors is a gas-phase chemical mechanism for the modeling of regional atmospheric chemistry, the mechanism is intended to be valid for remote to polluted conditions and from the Earth's surface through the upper troposphere.
Abstract: A new gas-phase chemical mechanism for the modeling of regional atmospheric chemistry, the “Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanism” (RACM) is presented. The mechanism is intended to be valid for remote to polluted conditions and from the Earth's surface through the upper troposphere. The RACM mechanism is based upon the earlier Regional Acid Deposition Model, version 2 (RADM2) mechanism [Stockwell et al., 1990] and the more detailed Euro-RADM mechanism [Stockwell and Kley, 1994]. The RACM mechanism includes rate constants and product yields from the most recent laboratory measurements, and it has been tested against environmental chamber data. A new condensed reaction mechanism is included for biogenic compounds: isoprene, α-pinene, and d-limonene. The branching ratios for alkane decay were reevaluated, and in the revised mechanism the aldehyde to ketone ratios were significantly reduced. The relatively large amounts of nitrates resulting from the reactions of unbranched alkenes with NO3 are now included, and the production of HO from the ozonolysis of alkenes has a much greater yield. The aromatic chemistry has been revised through the use of new laboratory data. The yield of cresol production from aromatics was reduced, while the reactions of HO, NO3, and O3 with unsaturated dicarbonyl species and unsaturated peroxynitrate are now included in the RACM mechanism. The peroxyacetyl nitrate chemistry and the organic peroxy radical-peroxy radical reactions were revised, and organic peroxy radical +NO3 reactions were added.
960 citations