Atomic force microscope
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TLDR
The atomic force microscope as mentioned in this paper is a combination of the principles of the scanning tunneling microscope and the stylus profilometer, which was proposed as a method to measure forces as small as 10-18 N. As one application for this concept, they introduce a new type of microscope capable of investigating surfaces of insulators on an atomic scale.Abstract:
The scanning tunneling microscope is proposed as a method to measure forces as small as 10-18 N. As one application for this concept, we introduce a new type of microscope capable of investigating surfaces of insulators on an atomic scale. The atomic force microscope is a combination of the principles of the scanning tunneling microscope and the stylus profilometer. It incorporates a probe that does not damage the surface. Our preliminary results in air demonstrate a lateral resolution of 30 A and a vertical resolution less than 1 A.read more
Citations
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Adhesion forces between individual ligand-receptor pairs.
TL;DR: Under conditions that allowed only a limited number of molecular pairs to interact, the force required to separate tip and bead was found to be quantized in integer multiples of 160 +/- 20 piconewtons for biotin and 85 +/- 15 piconewstons for iminobiotin.
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Direct measurement of colloidal forces using an atomic force microscope
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the atomic force microscope to measure the forces between a planar surface and an individual colloid particle, a silica sphere of radius 3.5 µm, attached to the force sensor in the microscope and measured in solutions of sodium chloride.
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Standardization of sample collection, isolation and analysis methods in extracellular vesicle research
Kenneth W. Witwer,Edit I. Buzás,Lynne T. Bemis,Adriana Bora,Cecilia Lässer,Jan Lötvall,Esther Nolte-‘t Hoen,Melissa G. Piper,Sarada Sivaraman,Johan Skog,Clotilde Théry,Marca H. M. Wauben,Fred H. Hochberg +12 more
TL;DR: The need for standardization of specimen handling, appropriate normative controls, and isolation and analysis techniques to facilitate comparison of results is emphasized, and it is recognized that continual development and evaluation of techniques will be necessary as new knowledge is amassed.
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Nanomechanical analysis of cells from cancer patients
TL;DR: This work reports the stiffness of live metastatic cancer cells taken from the body fluids of patients with suspected lung, breast and pancreas cancer, and shows that nanomechanical analysis correlates well with immunohistochemical testing currently used for detecting cancer.
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Near-Field Optics: Microscopy, Spectroscopy, and Surface Modification Beyond the Diffraction Limit
Eric Betzig,Jay K. Trautman +1 more
TL;DR: The near-field optical interaction between a sharp probe and a sample of interest can be exploited to image, spectroscopically probe, or modify surfaces at a resolution inaccessible by traditional far-field techniques, resulting in a technique of considerable versatility.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Surface studies by scanning tunneling microscopy
TL;DR: In this paper, surface microscopy using vacuum tunneling has been demonstrated for the first time, and topographic pictures of surfaces on an atomic scale have been obtained for CaIrSn 4 and Au.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silicon as a mechanical material
TL;DR: This review describes the advantages of employing silicon as a mechanical material, the relevant mechanical characteristics of silicon, and the processing techniques which are specific to micromechanical structures.
PatentDOI
Scanning capacitance microscope
TL;DR: In this article, a scanning capacitance probe is used to identify the topography and material properties of the surface layer of a human body in microscopic imaging using a single image of the body.