Automatic generation control using two degree of freedom fractional order PID controller
01 Jun 2014-International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems (Elsevier)-Vol. 58, pp 120-129
TL;DR: In this article, a Two-Degree-of-freedom-Fractional Order PID (2-DOF-FOPID) controller is proposed for automatic generation control (AGC) of power systems.
About: This article is published in International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems.The article was published on 2014-06-01. It has received 172 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Open-loop controller & PID controller.
Citations
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TL;DR: The supremacy of the proposed 2-DOF PID controller has been shown by comparing the results with recently published technique such as conventional ZN, GA, BFOA, DE and hBFOA-PSO based PI controllers for the same system.
225 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a nature inspired optimization technique called Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) algorithm is used for simultaneous optimization of the controller gains for automatic generation control of an unequal three area thermal system.
217 citations
TL;DR: An aggregate model of EV fleets and improved version of fractional order (FO) controller is provided in all the areas for robust LFC considering bilateral transactions and Numerous simulations are conducted to validate the superiority of the proposed control strategy.
Abstract: Introduction of vehicle-to-grid technology offer electric vehicles (EVs) to participate in different ancillary services under competitive electric market. EVs provide an opportunity to grow new products and services for grid management. Particularly, EVs, which is a new form of distributed energy storage, can be used to compensate the uncontracted power in the local area if the contracts between the market players are violated. This paper presents the participation of EVs for load frequency control (LFC) under deregulated environment along with other conventional sources such as hydro, thermal, and gas turbine units. An aggregate model of EV fleets and improved version of fractional order (FO) controller is provided in all the areas for robust LFC considering bilateral transactions. Flower pollination algorithm, which is one of the new proven nature inspired algorithm employed to choose the optimal parameters of the FO controllers under several scenarios. Numerous simulations are conducted to validate the superiority of the proposed control strategy.
199 citations
Cites background from "Automatic generation control using ..."
...In fact most of the recent research works is carried out on the background of evolutionary techniques [25], [26]....
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...Some more articles on the application of FO controller for LFC are available in [25] and [33]....
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...Owing to these, authors in [25] investigated the LFC prob-...
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TL;DR: In this paper, a maiden attempt has been made to apply a Proportional integral-Proportional derivative (PI-PD) cascade controller in automatic generation control (AGC) of an interconnected four area thermal system.
164 citations
TL;DR: The superiority of the proposed FA optimized fuzzy PID controller has been demonstrated by comparing the results with some recently published approaches such as optimal control and Differential Evolution optimized PID controller for the identical interconnected power system.
160 citations
Cites background from "Automatic generation control using ..."
...14(a) shows the random step load pattern of power system [38]....
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References
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Book•
01 Feb 2008
TL;DR: This book reviews and introduces the state-of-the-art nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms in optimization, including genetic algorithms, bee algorithms, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing, ant colony optimization, harmony search, and firefly algorithms.
Abstract: Modern metaheuristic algorithms such as bee algorithms and harmony search start to demonstrate their power in dealing with tough optimization problems and even NP-hard problems. This book reviews and introduces the state-of-the-art nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms in optimization, including genetic algorithms, bee algorithms, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing, ant colony optimization, harmony search, and firefly algorithms. We also briefly introduce the photosynthetic algorithm, the enzyme algorithm, and Tabu search. Worked examples with implementation have been used to show how each algorithm works. This book is thus an ideal textbook for an undergraduate and/or graduate course. As some of the algorithms such as the harmony search and firefly algorithms are at the forefront of current research, this book can also serve as a reference book for researchers.
3,626 citations
26 Oct 2009
TL;DR: In this article, a new Firefly Algorithm (FA) was proposed for multimodal optimization applications. And the proposed FA was compared with other metaheuristic algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO).
Abstract: Nature-inspired algorithms are among the most powerful algorithms for optimization. This paper intends to provide a detailed description of a new Firefly Algorithm (FA) for multimodal optimization applications. We will compare the proposed firefly algorithm with other metaheuristic algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO). Simulations and results indicate that the proposed firefly algorithm is superior to existing metaheuristic algorithms. Finally we will discuss its applications and implications for further research.
3,436 citations
01 Mar 2012
TL;DR: This paper presents a novel approach to determining the feasible optimal solution of the ED problems using the recently developed Firefly Algorithm, and shows that the proposed FA is able to find more economical loads than those determined by other methods.
Abstract: The growing costs of fuel and operation of power generating units warrant improvement of optimization methodologies for economic dispatch (ED) problems. The practical ED problems have non-convex objective functions with equality and inequality constraints that make it much harder to find the global optimum using any mathematical algorithms. Modern optimization algorithms are often meta-heuristic, and they are very promising in solving nonlinear programming problems. This paper presents a novel approach to determining the feasible optimal solution of the ED problems using the recently developed Firefly Algorithm (FA). Many nonlinear characteristics of power generators, and their operational constraints, such as generation limitations, prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits, transmission loss, and nonlinear cost functions, were all contemplated for practical operation. To demonstrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed method, we study four ED test systems having non-convex solution spaces and compared with some of the most recently published ED solution methods. The results of this study show that the proposed FA is able to find more economical loads than those determined by other methods. This algorithm is considered to be a promising alternative algorithm for solving the ED problems in practical power systems.
578 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a unified PID tuning method for load frequency control (LFC) of power systems is discussed, which is applicable to power systems with non-reheated, reheated, and hydro turbines.
Abstract: A unified PID tuning method for load frequency control (LFC) of power systems is discussed in this paper. The tuning method is based on the two-degree-of-freedom (TDF) internal model control (IMC) design method and a PID approximation procedure. The time-domain performance and robustness of the resulting PID controller is related to two tuning parameters, and robust tuning of the two parameters is discussed. The method is applicable to power systems with non-reheated, reheated, and hydro turbines. Simulation results show that it can indeed improve the damping of the power systems. It is shown that the method can also be used in decentralized PID tuning for multi-area power systems.
448 citations
TL;DR: A maiden attempt is made to apply integral plus double derivative (IDD) controller in automatic generation control (AGC) of interconnected two equal area, three and five unequal-areas thermal systems provided with single reheat turbine and generation rate constraints of 3% per minute in each area.
359 citations