Automatic reconstruction of as-built building information models from laser-scanned point clouds: A review of related techniques
TL;DR: This article surveys techniques developed in civil engineering and computer science that can be utilized to automate the process of creating as-built BIMs and outlines the main methods used by these algorithms for representing knowledge about shape, identity, and relationships.
About: This article is published in Automation in Construction.The article was published on 2010-11-01. It has received 789 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Information model & Computer Aided Design.
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TL;DR: Results show scarce BIM implementation in existing buildings yet, due to challenges of (1) high modeling/conversion effort from captured building data into semantic BIM objects, (2) updating of information in BIM and (3) handling of uncertain data, objects and relations in B IM occurring inexisting buildings.
1,499 citations
TL;DR: The performance evaluation of a UAV system that was built to rapidly and autonomously acquire mobile three-dimensional mapping data and its execution for the generation of 3D point clouds from digital mobile images is presented.
661 citations
Cites result from "Automatic reconstruction of as-buil..."
...Several recent and promising studies, including [37–41], show that 3D point clouds acquired by laser scanners, video or photo cameras positioned on the ground can be successfully converted to object models....
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TL;DR: This work reviews the recent status of methodologies and techniques related to the construction of digital twins mostly from a modeling perspective to provide a detailed coverage of the current challenges and enabling technologies along with recommendations and reflections for various stakeholders.
Abstract: Digital twin can be defined as a virtual representation of a physical asset enabled through data and simulators for real-time prediction, optimization, monitoring, controlling, and improved decision making. Recent advances in computational pipelines, multiphysics solvers, artificial intelligence, big data cybernetics, data processing and management tools bring the promise of digital twins and their impact on society closer to reality. Digital twinning is now an important and emerging trend in many applications. Also referred to as a computational megamodel, device shadow, mirrored system, avatar or a synchronized virtual prototype, there can be no doubt that a digital twin plays a transformative role not only in how we design and operate cyber-physical intelligent systems, but also in how we advance the modularity of multi-disciplinary systems to tackle fundamental barriers not addressed by the current, evolutionary modeling practices. In this work, we review the recent status of methodologies and techniques related to the construction of digital twins mostly from a modeling perspective. Our aim is to provide a detailed coverage of the current challenges and enabling technologies along with recommendations and reflections for various stakeholders.
660 citations
Cites background from "Automatic reconstruction of as-buil..."
...As discussed in [74], BIMs constructed from aCADmodel do not often capture details of a facility as it was actually built....
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TL;DR: This research demonstrates via 92 responses from a sample of BIM users that collaboration aspects produce the highest positive impact and is most often used in the early stages with progressively less use in the latter stages.
586 citations
Cites background from "Automatic reconstruction of as-buil..."
...[56] demonstrate how a Multi-Disciplinary BIM Model (MDM) can be used for as-built purposes....
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TL;DR: A method to automatically convert the raw 3D point data from a laser scanner positioned at multiple locations throughout a facility into a compact, semantically rich information model that is capable of identifying and modeling the main visible structural components of an indoor environment despite the presence of significant clutter and occlusion.
576 citations
Cites methods from "Automatic reconstruction of as-buil..."
...process, typically using data from laser scanners as input (Figure 1) [1]....
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References
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12 May 1997
TL;DR: A perception system, called Artisan, that semi-automatically builds 3-D models of a robot's workspace that is used by human operators to plan and execute remote robotic operations.
Abstract: We present a perception system, called Artisan, that semi-automatically builds 3-D models of a robot's workspace. Range images are acquired with a scanning laser rangefinder and then processed, based an a systematic sensor characterization, to remove noise and artifacts. Complex 3-D objects represented as surface meshes are subsequently recognized in the range images and inserted into a virtual workspace. This graphical virtual workspace is then used to by human operators to plan and execute remote robotic operations.
56 citations
TL;DR: An automated approach to deduction of the topological information using a three-dimensional Computer-Aided Design (3D CAD) system or solid modeler and algorithms for automatically generating the spatial relationships among the building components are presented.
50 citations
"Automatic reconstruction of as-buil..." refers methods in this paper
..., who utilize a 3D solid CAD model to automatically derive topological relationships between solid objects or geometric primitives [67]....
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23 Jun 1999
TL;DR: The results indicate that the use of extended superquadric is a promising paradigm for shape representation and recovery in computers vision and has potential benefits for the generation of synthetic images for computer graphics.
Abstract: Superquadrics are a family of parametric shapes which can model a diverse set of objects. They have received significant attention because of their compact representation and robust methods for recovery of 3D models. However, their assumption of intrinsical symmetry fails in modeling numerous real-world examples such as human, body, animals, and other naturally occurring objects. In this paper, we present a novel approach, which is called extended superquadric to extend superquadric's representation power with exponent functions. An extended superquadric model can be deformed in any direction because it extends the exponents of superquadrics from constants to functions of the latitude and longitude angles in the spherical coordinate system. Thus extended superquadrics can model more complex shapes than superquadrics. It also maintains many desired properties of superquadrics such as compactness controllability, and intuitive meaning, which are all advantageous for shape modeling, recognition, and reconstruction. In this paper, besides the use of extended superquadrics for modeling, we also discuss our research into the recovery of extended superquadrics from 3D information (reconstruction). Experimental results of fitting extended superquadrics to 3D real data are presented. Our results are very encouraging and indicate that the use of extended superquadric is a promising paradigm for shape representation and recovery in computers vision and has potential benefits for the generation of synthetic images for computer graphics.
42 citations
"Automatic reconstruction of as-buil..." refers background in this paper
...Extensions to the basic equations allowmore complex shapes that bend or taper [59]....
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14 Jun 2006
TL;DR: This paper presents a 3D modeling approach that models large planar scene areas of the scene with planar primitives (extracted via a segmentation pre-process), and non-planar areas with mesh primitives, and lines of intersection between neighboring planes are modeled as such.
Abstract: Range sensing technology allows the photorealistic modeling of large-scale scenes, such as urban structures. The generated 3D representations, after automated registration, are useful for urban planning, historical preservation, or virtual reality applications. One major issue in 3D modeling of complex large-scale scenes is that the final result is a dense complicated mesh. Significant, in some cases manual, post-processing (mesh simplification, hole filling) is required to make this representation usable by graphics or CAD applications. This paper presents a 3D modeling approach that models large planar scene areas of the scene with planar primitives (extracted via a segmentation pre-process), and non-planar areas with mesh primitives. In that respect, the final model is significantly compressed. Also, lines of intersection between neighboring planes are modeled as such. These steps bring the model closer to graphics/CAD applications. We present results from experiments with complex range scans from urban structures and from the interior of a large-scale landmark urban building (Grand Central Terminal, NYC).
41 citations
TL;DR: This work presents an automatic method for computing an accurate parametric model of a piecewise defined pipe surface, consisting of cylinder and torus segments, from an unorganized point set, and accurately outputs the parametric data required for bending machines to create the reconstructed tube.
Abstract: We present an automatic method for computing an accurate parametric model of a piecewise defined pipe surface, consisting of cylinder and torus segments, from an unorganized point set. Our main contributions are reconstruction of the spine curve of a pipe surface from surface samples, and approximation of the spine curve by G^1 continuous circular arcs and line segments. Our algorithm accurately outputs the parametric data required for bending machines to create the reconstructed tube.
40 citations
"Automatic reconstruction of as-buil..." refers methods in this paper
...These modeling algorithms first estimate the trajectory of the pipe center, which is known as the spine curve, and then model the curveusing straight and curved segments [33] or splines [4,55]....
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...Bauer and Polthier estimate the spine curve of a pipe and then model the segments using splines (from [4], © 2009, with...
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