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Journal ArticleDOI

Autoradiographic localization of dopamine D 1 and D 2 receptors in the brain of several mammalian species.

01 Jan 1990-Journal of Neural Transmission (Springer-Verlag)-Vol. 80, Iss: 2, pp 105-127
TL;DR: The results indicate that dopamine receptor distribution is well preserved in the basal ganglia during evolution, although differences among species exist in their distribution outside the basal Ganglia and their absolute amount.
Abstract: Dopamine D 1 and D 2 receptor distributions were studied in the brain of the mouse, rat, guinea pig, cat and monkey by means of in vitro quantitative autoradiography using [3H]SCH 23390 and [3H]CV 205-502 to label D 1 and D 2 subtypes respectively. The distribution of both subtypes of receptors was similar within the basal ganglia of all species investigated. The highest densities for both subtypes were found in the nucleus caudatus, putamen, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle and substantia nigra. Outside of the basal ganglia, differences in the distribution of both receptors were found among the species examined in regions such as cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus, superior colliculus and olfactory bulb. In all species D 1 receptor densities were higher than those of D 2. The absolute amount of both subtypes, however, varied among species. These results indicate that dopamine receptor distribution is well preserved in the basal ganglia during evolution, although differences among species exist in their distribution outside the basal ganglia and their absolute amount.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence from a series of studies with experimental animals, healthy humans, and patients with Parkinson's disease suggests the existence of an optimum DA level for cognitive function implicates the need to take into account baseline levels of DA when isolating the effects of DA.

1,383 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that beneficial or detrimental effects of L-DOPA are observed depending on task demands and basal dopamine levels in distinct parts of the striatum, which has substantial implications for the understanding and treatment development of cognitive abnormalities in Parkinson's disease and normal health.

864 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed that highlights multiple mechanisms whereby dopamine biases memory towards events that are of motivational significance, permitting both expectations and outcomes to influence memory.

552 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Progress has been made in understanding the function of DA-containing discrete brain nuclei and the functional consequence of the DA's interaction with other neurotransmitters, and some of the latest advances in these various areas are explored.

515 citations

Journal Article
Beth Levant1
TL;DR: Receptors for this catecholamine are of considerable interest, as they are the principal target of drugs employed in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease.
Abstract: Dopamine is a major neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Receptors for this catecholamine are of considerable interest, as they are the principal target of drugs employed in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. Before 1990, the

409 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analyses of the determinants of earthquake-triggered landsliding in the Czech Republic over a period of 18 months in order to establish a probabilistic framework for estimating the intensity of the earthquake.
Abstract: Preface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. References. List of Structures. Index of Abbreviations. Diagrams.

57,116 citations


"Autoradiographic localization of do..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Brain areas and nuclei were identified using several atlases (Luparello, 1967; Nieuwenhuys et ai., 1981; Paxinos and Watson, 1982; Reinoso-Suarez, 1961; Sidman et al., 1971)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ascending monoamine pathways in the rat brain are demonstrated by the pile up of fluorescent material occurring in the axons after various types of lesions, indicating a unique role for the locus coeruleus in influencing the activity of the entire brain.
Abstract: The ascending monoamine pathways in the rat brain are demonstrated by the pile up of fluorescent material occurring in the axons after various types of lesions. The anatomy of the pathways is outlined in drawings of frontal sections of the brain and the origin and termination of several pathways is determined by studying the anterograde and retrograde degeneration occurring after well localised lesions. It is possible to separate the ascending NA pathways into a dorsal and a ventral bundle of axons. The dorsal bundle innervates the cortex and the hippocampus and the ventral bundle supplies NA nerve terminals to the medulla, the pons, the mesencephalon and the diencephalon. The dorsal bundle is found to originate in the locus coeruleus. Lesions of this nucleus abolish the nerve terminals in all cortical areas and in several other areas of the brain indicating a unique role for the locus coeruleus in influencing the activity of the entire brain. The 5-HT pathways have a distribution similar to the ventral NA pathyway. The course of the nigro-striatal and the meso-limbic DA pathways is presented in detail.

3,758 citations


"Autoradiographic localization of do..." refers background in this paper

  • ..., 1964) and the major dopamine containing fiber tracts, such as the nigrostriatal, mesotimbic and mesocortical pathways characterized (Bj6rklund and Lindvall, 1984; Lindvall and Bj6rklund, 1987; Moore and Bloom, 1978; Ungerstedt, 1971): In humans, dopaminergic systems are believed to be involved in several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases (Crow et al....

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Journal ArticleDOI
11 Jan 1979-Nature
TL;DR: Pharmacological and biochemical criteria can be used to separate those dopamine receptors which are linked to the enzyme adenylyl cyclase and those which are not.
Abstract: Pharmacological and biochemical criteria can be used to separate those dopamine receptors which are linked to the enzyme adenylyl cyclase and those which are not.

3,746 citations


"Autoradiographic localization of do..." refers background in this paper

  • ...D 1 dopamine receptors are linked to adenylate cyclase in a positive way, while D 2 dopamine receptors are not coupled to adenylate cyclase or are linked in a negative manner (Kebabian and Calne, 1979)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The chest walls of rabbits exposed to steep-fronted air shock waves of short duration produced by 50 g spherical charges of TNT were recorded by means of a mechano-electric motion transducer to study the correlation between the deformations of the chest and the damage inflicted to the underlying organs, especially the lungs.
Abstract: The movements of the chest walls of rabbits exposed to steep-fronted air shock waves of short duration produced by 50 g spherical charges of TNT were recorded by means of a mechano-electric motion transducer originally developed for this investigation. The main purpose has been to study the correlation between the deformations of the chest and the damage inflicted to the underlying organs, especially the lungs. The motion parameters, amplitude, velocity and acceleration of the chest wall, were correlated to the physical characteristics of the shock wave as well as to the lung injury produced. The lung injuries were found to be highly correlated to the impulse of the incident shock wave, and also, although to a lesser degree, to the maximum overpressure of the shock wave, and to the velocity and acceleration acquired by the chest wall. The correlation of the lung injuries to the maximum amplitude of the inward displacement of the chest wall, on the other hand, was found to be much lower or even uncertain. The following critical values of the motion parameters were established. If the chest wall receives an impulse load of such a strength and duration that an inward relative movement results with a velocity of more than 15 m se& attained within a period of time of 150–200 ps, i. e. involving accelerations of the order of 104g, there is a high probability that a severe lung injury will result. Corresponding maxi mum amplitudes of the displacement of the chest wall were 5 to 7 mm. The lower limit of effective reflection pressures and impulses causing severe lung injuries were 10 bar and 1.5 gf sec cm-2, respectively. The biomechanical events occurring in the exposed chest are discussed in some detail.

2,714 citations