Avian Haemoproteidae. 21. The haemoproteids of the parrot family Psittacidae
01 Mar 1986-Canadian Journal of Zoology (NRC Research Press Ottawa, Canada)-Vol. 64, Iss: 3, pp 771-773
TL;DR: The haemoproteids of the avian family Psittacidae (the parrots) are reviewed and H. handai is redescribed from the type host.
Abstract: The haemoproteids of the avian family Psittacidae (the parrots) are reviewed. Haemoproteus handai Maqsood, 1943 is redescribed from the type host, Psittacula cyanocephala (L.). Parahaemoproteus desseri Miltgen, Landau, Rabanaworbhan and Yenbutra, 1981 is designated a synonym of H. handai.
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TL;DR: The valid avian species of the apicomplexan blood parasite genera Haemoproteus, Hepatozoon and Leucocytozoon are arranged according to host family, assuming host familial specificity.
Abstract: The valid avian species of the apicomplexan blood parasite genera Haemoproteus, Hepatozoon and Leucocytozoon are arranged according to host family, assuming host familial specificity; salient points of the parasite morphology are recorded where appropriate.
64 citations
TL;DR: An annotated checklist of 113 species of avian Haemoproteus using these five forms, specific morphological characters and the concept of familial specificity is presented.
Abstract: Five forms of the avian haemoproteids are described and illustrated. An annotated checklist of 113 species of avian Haemoproteus using these five forms, specific morphological characters and the concept of familial specificity is presented. In addition, tables are presented to show current synonymies, nomina nuda and species which may be valid but require redescription.
63 citations
TL;DR: The results of this study show that captive parrots in Europe are threatened by two lineages of an otherwise benign parasite of Turdus spp, andAviary collections of parrots should be protected from Culicoides spp.
Abstract: Haemoproteus and Plasmodium species are widespread avian blood parasites. Several Plasmodium species are known for their high virulence and have caused significant declines in naive bird populations. The impact of closely related Haemoproteus parasites is largely unknown. Recently we reported a lethal disease in two parrot aviaries caused by Haemoproteus parasites. Here we show that the causative pathogen Haemoproteus minutus is responsible for further 17 lethal outbreaks in parrot aviaries in Denmark, Germany and Great Britain. All affected parrots are endemic to Australasia and South America. We sequenced the cytochrome b gene from megalomeront-infected muscle tissue of 21 parrots and identified the two lineages TUPHI01 and TURDUS2 as causative agents, commonly naturally infecting the common blackbird (Turdus merula) and the song thrush (Turdus philomelos), respectively, in the Palaearctic. No intraerythrocytic parasite stages were found in any of the parrots. We failed to detect H. minutus in invasive Indian ring-necked parakeets (Psittacula krameri) in Germany. Together this suggests that abortive infections with two virulent lineages of H. minutus are lethal for naive parrot species from Australasia and South America. We asked whether we could detect H. minutus in New Zealand, where its Turdus hosts were introduced in the 1800s. We therefore tested invasive blackbirds and song thrushes, and the co-existing endemic red-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) population on three New Zealand islands. No Haemoproteus spp. DNA was detected in all blood samples, indicating absence of transmission. The results of this study show that captive parrots in Europe are threatened by two lineages of an otherwise benign parasite of Turdus spp. Aviary collections of parrots should be protected from Culicoides spp. vectors in Europe. Animal trade and climate changes extending the current vector and parasite distribution have to be considered as potential risk factors for the introduction of the disease in naive parrot populations.
58 citations
TL;DR: This is the first Haemoproteus species described from South American parrots and the first genetically characterized psittacine Haemproteus sp.
15 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: Fifty-one species of the haemosporidian genera: Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium and a sporozoite of Lankesterella from the blood of birds trapped in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sarawak and Java are described and taxonomically evaluated.
Abstract: Fifty-one species of the haemosporidian genera: Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium and a sporozoite of Lankesterella from the blood of birds trapped in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sarawak and Java are described and taxonomically evaluated. Five new species are described: Haemoproteus alcippe, type host Alcippe perracensis; H. copsychi, type host Copsychus malabaricus; H. obtusus, type host Garrulax mitratus; H. tenuis, type host Stachyris nigricollis and Plasmodium (Giovannolaia) ninoxi, type host Ninox scutulata. Haemoproteus rhipiduri Bennett, Bishop & Peirce 1991, Leucocytozoon pittae Bennet & Peirce, 1992 and L. pycnonoti Bennett, Earle & Peirce, 1992 are found to be valid species.
11 citations
Cites background from "Avian Haemoproteidae. 21. The haemo..."
...A comparison of bird communities of two fragmented and two continuous Southeast Asian rainforests....
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...This is true not only for Southeast Asia but anywhere similar studies have been performed (Ashford et al., 1976; Peirce & Mead, 1976; Paperna & Josef, unpub. data)....
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...– Haemoproteus timalus has been recorded, in addition to the African origin type host species Turdoides rubiginosus, from Southeast Asian timaliid hosts including Garrulax spp. [Bennett et al., 1991; Valkiunas, 1997 (2005)]....
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...The aims of our study carried out between 1998 to 2003 was to provide a taxonomic and quantitative account on the blood parasitofauna (Haemosporidia and Haemococcidia) of birds from several study sites in Southeast Asia: in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sarawak and Java....
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...Blood parasite prevalence and abundance in the bird communities of several forested locations in Southeast Asia....
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References
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Book•
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01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: The most comprehensive and user-friendly guide to the parrots of the world is as discussed by the authors, which covers all 356 species and well-differentiated subspecies of parrots, and is the only guide organized by geographical distribution.
Abstract: From the macaws of South America to the cockatoos of Australia, parrots are among the most beautiful and exotic birds in the world--and also among the most endangered. This stunningly illustrated, easy-to-use field guide covers all 356 species and well-differentiated subspecies of parrots, and is the only guide organized by geographical distribution--Australasian, Afro-Asian, and neotropical. It features 146 superb color plates depicting every kind of parrot, as well as detailed, facing-page species accounts that describe key identification features, distribution, subspeciation, habitat, and status. Color distribution maps show ranges of all subspecies, and field identification is further aided by relevant upperside and underside flight images. This premier field guide also shows where to observe each species in the wild, helping make this the most comprehensive and user-friendly guide to the parrots of the world. The only parrot guide to focus on geographical distribution Covers all 356 species Features 146 color plates depicting all species and well-differentiated subspecies Provides detailed facing-page species accounts that describe key identification features, distribution, subspeciation, habitat, and status Includes color distribution maps Shows where to observe each species in the wild
817 citations
82 citations