Bacterial Persister Cell Formation and Dormancy
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TLDR
It is concluded that the best model for persister cells is still dormancy, with the latest mechanistic studies shedding light on how cells reach this dormant state.Abstract:
Bacterial cells may escape the effects of antibiotics without undergoing genetic change; these cells are known as persisters. Unlike resistant cells that grow in the presence of antibiotics, persister cells do not grow in the presence of antibiotics. These persister cells are a small fraction of exponentially growing cells (due to carryover from the inoculum) but become a significant fraction in the stationary phase and in biofilms (up to 1%). Critically, persister cells may be a major cause of chronic infections. The mechanism of persister cell formation is not well understood, and even the metabolic state of these cells is debated. Here, we review studies relevant to the formation of persister cells and their metabolic state and conclude that the best model for persister cells is still dormancy, with the latest mechanistic studies shedding light on how cells reach this dormant state.read more
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial Persistence as a Phenotypic Switch
Nathalie Q. Balaban,Nathalie Q. Balaban,Jack Merrin,Remy Chait,Lukasz Kowalik,Stanislas Leibler +5 more
TL;DR: Investigating the persistence of single cells of Escherichia coli with the use of microfluidic devices found phenotypic switching occurred between normally growing cells and persister cells having reduced growth rates, leading to a simple mathematical description of the persistence switch.
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Persister cells, dormancy and infectious disease
TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms that underlie the formation of dormant persister cells are now being unravelled and are the focus of this Review.
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Treatment of staphylococcal infections with penicillin by intermittent sterilisation
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Persister cells and tolerance to antimicrobials.
TL;DR: The data indicate that persisters are specialized survivor cells that are not at a particular stage in the cell cycle, neither are they defective cells nor cells created in response to antibiotics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Signal transduction and regulatory mechanisms involved in control of the sigma(S) (RpoS) subunit of RNA polymerase.
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular functions and interactions of the σS subunit of RNA polymerase and tries to establish a framework for further research on the mode of multiple signal input into this complex regulatory system.