Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify potential socio-technical barriers to consumer adoption of EVs and determine if sustainability issues influence consumer decision to purchase an EV, and provide valuable insights into preferences and perceptions of technology enthusiasts; individuals highly connected to technology development and better equipped to sort out the many differences between EVs and CVs.
About: This article is published in Energy Policy.The article was published on 2012-09-01. It has received 1207 citations till now.
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10 Jun 2018
Abstract: Abstract The vehicle stock in China continues growing along with rapid economic development and the improvement of people’s living standard. Due to the pressure of energy conserving and the higher requirements on air quality, China chooses new energy vehicles (NEV) as a national strategy to meet these challenges. Private car area, as an important field to popularize NEV, has attracted many researchers to conduct valuable surveys on it in order to accelerate the market development. This study summarizes market surveys which focused on consumer behavior on purchasing and using NEV. Through sorting out the results and conducting comparative analysis, we identify the behavioral characteristics of consumers of NEV and the key factors that affecting consumers’ decision-making, which are significant for enterprises and government to grasp the needs of NEV consumers. On the basis of reviewing existing surveys, this article proposes that future NEV surveys can be combined with quantitative analysis of consumer choice behavior. and future survey designing direction focusing on this purpose has been put forward.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an efficient product family design (PFD) method is proposed for mass customisation of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrains, which is less dependent on expensive simulations due to use of metamodeling and nonconventional sensitivity analysis.
Abstract: Development of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) is stimulated by the need to replace non-renewable energies with sustainable and more environment-friendly new energy types. PHEVs benefit from a combination of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor with a rechargeable and larger battery pack than conventional hybrid vehicles. In order to maximise customer satisfaction and motivate replacement of the conventional vehicles with this new technology, the design of PHEVs requires sufficient differentiation in the product specifications for diverse market segments. The added set-up time, processes, costs and longer lead time for designing and manufacturing a diverse range of such vehicles is a hurdle towards increasing their diversity. This study proposes an efficient product family design (PFD) method for mass customisation of the PHEV powertrains. The methodology is less dependent on expensive simulations due to use of metamodelling and non-conventional sensitivity analysis. The PF...
6 citations
Cites background from "Barriers to widespread adoption of ..."
...The details of these studies can be found in Simpson (2006), Rousseau et al. (2007), Kurani, Heffner, and Turrentine (2008), Santini and Vyas (2008), Shiau et al. (2009), Abe (2010), Axsen and Kurani (2010), Lin and Greene (2010), Skerlos and Winebrake (2010), and Egbue and Long (2012)....
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TL;DR: The most complex noise and vibration problems for range-extended electric vehicles have been reported in this paper, where certain control strategies often make range extenders (REs) shut down or restart for the sake of better fue...
Abstract: Range-extended electric vehicles have the most complex noise and vibration problems since certain control strategies often make range extenders (REs) shut down or restart for the sake of better fue...
6 citations
06 Mar 2020
TL;DR: An intelligent control algorithm for real time range estimation, indication of various parameters and generates alerts in the smart phone using Internet of Things (IoT) will make the electric vehicles more smarter.
Abstract: Range anxiety is the predominent desolation among the electric vehicles (EV's) possessors that caused by drivers ambiguity in relation to vehicle's energy needed to arrivea targeted place and state of charge (SoC). This paper proposes an intelligent control algorithm for real time range estimation, indication of various parameters and generates alerts in the smart phone using Internet of Things (IoT). This algorithm determines the amount of charge present in battery and how much distance can an electric vehicle move with the remaining power available. Intelligent controller also improves the battery performance and lifetime. Thereby the integrated system of range estimator and crash detector will make the electric vehicles more smarter.
6 citations
Cites background from "Barriers to widespread adoption of ..."
...According to the buyer of EV, the main problem with EVs is the limited capacity of battery and charging infrastructure availability, which leads to a variety of concerns like drivers are afraid to drive an electric vehicle for far distances [4]....
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TL;DR: The imbalanced dataset technique was introduced, several machine learning methods were utilized to build the prediction model, and the model performance analysis indicates the Decision Tree (DT) model outperforms other models.
Abstract: Adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has been regarded as one of the most important strategies to address the issues of energy dependence and greenhouse effect. Empirical reviews demonstrate that wide acceptance of EV is still difficult to achieve. This research proposes to investigate the factors that might trigger the wide usage of EVs to support the energy policy. The real-world owners of EV were extracted from the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), which provides large-scale individual characteristics. NHTS dataset was processed to establish the comprehensive estimation model for EV adoption with considering vehicle, personal and household factors. Besides the commonly social-economic factors, the gasoline price and car sharing program were found to be significant for EV adoption. Additionally, since the EV owners are only 1.29% of all vehicle owners, this article introduced the imbalanced dataset technique, which was seldom considered in existing researches. Subsequently, several machine learning methods were utilized to build the prediction model, and the model performance analysis indicates the Decision Tree (DT) model outperforms other models. A regional EV penetration map was also generated for the U.S. to validate the proposed approach. Implications for further research, transport policy and EV market are discussed.
6 citations
Cites background from "Barriers to widespread adoption of ..."
...[10] W. Li, R. Long, H. Chen, and J. Geng, ‘‘A review of factors influencing consumer intentions to adopt battery electric vehicles,’’ Renew....
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...[21] O. Egbue and S. Long, ‘‘Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions,’’ Energy Policy, vol. 48, pp. 717–729, Sep. 2012....
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...(NIPS), Long Beach, CA, USA, Dec. 2017, pp. 1–9....
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...Egbue and Long [21] found that the battery capacity is still the most important factor when compared to the environmental factors for the consumer....
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References
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TL;DR: Ajzen, 1985, 1987, this article reviewed the theory of planned behavior and some unresolved issues and concluded that the theory is well supported by empirical evidence and that intention to perform behaviors of different kinds can be predicted with high accuracy from attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control; and these intentions, together with perceptions of behavioral control, account for considerable variance in actual behavior.
65,095 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report results of two questionnaire studies aimed at examining various motives for car use, and investigate individual differences in the relative importance of the three categories of motives were investigated.
Abstract: This paper reports results of two questionnaire studies aimed at examining various motives for car use. In the first study, a random selection of 185 respondents who possess a driving licence were interviewed. Respondents were recruited from the cities of Groningen and Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The sample of the second study comprised a random selection of 113 commuters who regularly travelled during rush hours in and around Rotterdam, a region in the west of the Netherlands. First, it was examined which categories of car use motives may be distinguished. As proposed by Dittmar’s (1992) [The social psychology of material possessions: to have is to be. Havester Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead, UK; St. Martin’s Press, New York] model on the meaning of material possessions, results from both studies revealed that car use not only fulfils instrumental functions, but also important symbolic and affective functions. Second, it was studied to what extent these different motives are related to the level of car use. From the results of study 2, it appeared that commuter car use was most strongly related to symbolic and affective motives, and not to instrumental motives. Third, individual differences in the relative importance of the three categories of motives were investigated. In both studies, most group differences were found in the evaluation of the symbolic and affective motives (and not the instrumental ones). Especially frequent drivers, respondents with a positive car attitude, male and younger respondents valued these non-instrumental motives for car use. These results suggest that policy makers should not exclusively focus on instrumental motives for car use, but they should consider the many social and affective motives as well.
1,064 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative efficacy of state sales tax waivers, income tax credits and non-tax incentives for hybrid-electric vehicle adoption in the United States has been studied and shown that the type of tax incentive offered is as important as the value of the tax incentive.
Abstract: Federal, state and local governments use a variety of incentives to induce consumer adoption of hybrid-electric vehicles. We study the relative efficacy of state sales tax waivers, income tax credits and non-tax incentives and find that the type of tax incentive offered is as important as the value of the tax incentive. Conditional on value, we find that sales tax waivers are associated a seven-fold greater increase in hybrid sales than income tax credits. In addition, we estimate the extent to which consumer adoption of hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV) in the United States from 2000-2006 can be attributed to government incentives, changing gasoline prices, or consumer preferences for environmental quality or energy security. After controlling for model specific state and time trends, we find that rising gasoline prices are associated with higher hybrid sales, although the effect operates entirely through sales of the hybrid models with the highest fuel economy. In total, we find that tax incentives, rising gasoline prices and social preferences are associated with 6, 27 and 36 percent of high economy hybrid sales from 2000-2006.
595 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore both the promise and the possible pitfalls of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) concept, focusing first on its definition and then on its technical state-of-the-art.
551 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a full year of high-resolution driving data from 484 instrumented gasoline vehicles in the US is used to analyze daily driving patterns, and from those infer the range requirements of electric vehicles (EVs).
Abstract: One full year of high-resolution driving data from 484 instrumented gasoline vehicles in the US is used to analyze daily driving patterns, and from those infer the range requirements of electric vehicles (EVs). We conservatively assume that EV drivers would not change their current gasoline-fueled driving patterns and that they would charge only once daily, typically at home overnight. Next, the market is segmented into those drivers for whom a limited-range vehicle would meet every day’s range need, and those who could meet their daily range need only if they make adaptations on some days. Adaptations, for example, could mean they have to either recharge during the day, borrow a liquid-fueled vehicle, or save some errands for the subsequent day. From this analysis, with the stated assumptions, we infer the potential market share for limited-range vehicles. For example, we find that 9% of the vehicles in the sample never exceeded 100 miles in one day, and 21% never exceeded 150 miles in one day. These drivers presumably could substitute a limited-range vehicle, like electric vehicles now on the market, for their current gasoline vehicle without any adaptation in their driving at all. For drivers who are willing to make adaptations on 2 days a year, the same 100 mile range EV would meet the needs of 17% of drivers, and if they are willing to adapt every other month (six times a year), it would work for 32% of drivers. Thus, it appears that even modest electric vehicles with today’s limited battery range, if marketed correctly to segments with appropriate driving behavior, comprise a large enough market for substantial vehicle sales. An additional analysis examines driving versus parking by time of day. On the average weekday at 5 pm, only 15% of the vehicles in the sample are on the road; at no time during the year are fewer than 75% of vehicles parked. Also, because the return trip home is widely spread in time, even if all cars plug in and begin charging immediately when they arrive home and park, the increased demand on the electric system is less problematic than prior analyses have suggested.
541 citations