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Journal ArticleDOI

Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions

01 Sep 2012-Energy Policy (Elsevier)-Vol. 48, pp 717-729
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify potential socio-technical barriers to consumer adoption of EVs and determine if sustainability issues influence consumer decision to purchase an EV, and provide valuable insights into preferences and perceptions of technology enthusiasts; individuals highly connected to technology development and better equipped to sort out the many differences between EVs and CVs.
About: This article is published in Energy Policy.The article was published on 2012-09-01. It has received 1207 citations till now.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors revisited 50 years of evolution of transportation research based on bibliometric indicators of nearly 50,000 articles, the collective publication of all transportation journals, and determined four major divisions in the field: (i) network analysis and traffic flow, (ii) economics of transportation and logistics, (iii) travel behaviour, and (iv) road safety.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Fifty years of evolution of transportation research is revisited based on bibliometric indicators of nearly 50,000 articles, the collective publication of all transportation journals. A multitude of objective indicators all consistently determined four major divisions in the field: (i) network analysis and traffic flow, (ii) economics of transportation and logistics, (iii) travel behaviour, and (iv) road safety. Trending themes of research within the abovementioned divisions respectively are: (i) macroscopic fundamental diagram and public transport network design, (ii) nil (no distinct trending topic), (iii) land-use, active transportation, residential self-selection, travel experience/satisfaction, social exclusion and transport/spatial equity, and (iv) statistical modelling of road accidents. Furthermore, clusters of research related to topics of (a) shared mobility, (b) electric mobility, and (c) autonomous mobility constitute trending topics that are each a cross between multiple divisions of the field. These outcomes document major directions to which the transportation research is headed. Additional outcome is determination of influential outsiders, seminal articles published by non-transportation journals that have proven instrumental in the development of transportation science.

4 citations

01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, stated preference surveys in the context of electric vehicle (EV) research have been analyzed and a number of strategies have been discussed to minimize hypothetical bias associated with SP survey, which will be discussed in this paper.
Abstract: The existing literature on stated preference (SP) surveys in the context of electric vehicle (EV) research has emphasized data analysis and the mathematical side of choice modeling, while some important elements of SP surveys such as procedures relating to alternatives/attributes/levels selection have been under-emphasized. This study aims to fill in this gap while analyzing the previous practice of SP surveys in the context of EV research. Even though, SP surveys have become the standard practice for evaluation of a new product such as the EVs, there are a number of associated disadvantages. SP data are hypothetical and may be affected by the degree of ‘contextual realism’ one establishes for the respondents. As a consequence, they may not necessarily represent actual behavior of respondents in the real market. A number of strategies however exist to minimize hypothetical bias associated with SP survey, which will be discussed in this paper. To make the choice scenarios as close as possible to real world situation, special attention must be paid to identifying factors influencing choices. The purpose of this review is to identify factors that have been found consistently in the previous research to affect consumer choice. This is followed by highlights of some limitations within the existing literature. Knowing these limitations opens windows for future work, and allows for more accurate interpretation of estimation results with regard to forecasting and policy analysis. Finally, a discussion on how to overcome these limitations is presented following by a number of recommendations regarding SP survey design.

4 citations


Cites background from "Barriers to widespread adoption of ..."

  • ...…Bunch, & Train, 2000; Dagsvik, Wennemo, Wetterwald, & Aaberge, 2002; Jensen, A. F., Cherchi, E., & Mabit, 2013), socioeconomic characteristics (Egbue & Long, 2012; G. O. Ewing & Sarigöllü, 1998), travel pattern (Axsen & Kurani, 2013; Kurani, Turrentine, & Sperling, 1994), attitudinal factors…...

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  • ...Attitudinal factors Following the theory of planned behavior by Ajzen (1991), the main determining factors of behavioral intention are attitudes that are influenced by knowledge, experience, and social influence (Egbue & Long, 2012)....

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  • ...…present some recommendations that could overcome these issues. i Electric vehicles or EVs refer to vehicles for which propulsive power is all or partially provided from electricity (Egbue & Long, 2012). ii Note that several previous SP survey have applied one or combinations of these strategies....

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  • ...However, only 32% of respondents were interested in BEVs with a range between 0 and 100 miles (Egbue & Long, 2012)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse the different aspects and concepts related to home energy usage and residential charging of EVs, as well as presenting the challenges and opportunities of HEMS together with vehicle-to-home (V2H) concept.
Abstract: Currently, residential users consume more electric energy during peak hours, mainly between 15h and 22h when the electricity prices are normally higher. Additionally, electric vehicle (EV) users tend to charge their vehicles at the same hours, increasing the impact on residential distribution networks. As a solution to these problems, a home energy management system (HEMS) can be used to decrease household energy demand at peak hours and reduce the impact of charging EVs in residential distribution networks. Additionally, HEMS can manage renewable energy sources and energy storage systems (ESS) to charge EVs in an efficient way. The aim of this paper is to analyse the different aspects and concepts related to home energy usage and residential charging of EVs, as well as presenting the challenges and opportunities of HEMS together with vehicle-to-home (V2H) concept.

4 citations


Cites methods from "Barriers to widespread adoption of ..."

  • ...A statistical study developed by Egbue and Long [7] analyzes the charging location preferences of students, faculty and staff at a technological university....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a double hurdle model was applied to account for the low market penetration of electric cars in Australia and dealt with the high non-purchase choice, and the results showed that on average consumers are willing to pay a premium of $18.13 on purchase price for every daily additional kilometre in driving range generated by solar panels.
Abstract: Cities globally are moving toward electrified public and private transport. Metropolitan areas are now seeking ways to mitigate emission and are heading towards sustainable ways of using clean/green energy sources by integrating and implementing new technology and science innovations into the transport systems. This study explores consumer preferences for installing photovoltaic solar cells on electric vehicles. In this paper, we have applied a double hurdle model to account for the low market penetration of electric cars in Australia and dealt with the high non-purchase choice. Data are obtained from nearly 1,900 individuals from eight major cities in Australia to explore consumer preferences regarding electric vehicles with photovoltaic solar cells option. The proposed model specification accounts for the panel impact generated from multiple tasks for each respondent, and the correlation between the two decisions on electric vehicle purchase and selecting the photovoltaic add-on. Furthermore, the systematic taste heterogeneity towards price variables is considered by introducing interactive sociodemographic terms to the utility functions. This study provides insights into the willingness-to-pay values for different features of electric vehicles and the solar panel add-on. The results show on average consumers are willing to pay a premium of $18.13 on purchase price for every daily additional kilometre in driving range generated by solar panels. The average willingness to pay for the solar panel to match the colour of vehicle is $1,021.09 for women, and $1,803.92 for men. This study informs policymakers and industries about the feasibility of such an emerging technology.

4 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ajzen, 1985, 1987, this article reviewed the theory of planned behavior and some unresolved issues and concluded that the theory is well supported by empirical evidence and that intention to perform behaviors of different kinds can be predicted with high accuracy from attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control; and these intentions, together with perceptions of behavioral control, account for considerable variance in actual behavior.

65,095 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report results of two questionnaire studies aimed at examining various motives for car use, and investigate individual differences in the relative importance of the three categories of motives were investigated.
Abstract: This paper reports results of two questionnaire studies aimed at examining various motives for car use. In the first study, a random selection of 185 respondents who possess a driving licence were interviewed. Respondents were recruited from the cities of Groningen and Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The sample of the second study comprised a random selection of 113 commuters who regularly travelled during rush hours in and around Rotterdam, a region in the west of the Netherlands. First, it was examined which categories of car use motives may be distinguished. As proposed by Dittmar’s (1992) [The social psychology of material possessions: to have is to be. Havester Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead, UK; St. Martin’s Press, New York] model on the meaning of material possessions, results from both studies revealed that car use not only fulfils instrumental functions, but also important symbolic and affective functions. Second, it was studied to what extent these different motives are related to the level of car use. From the results of study 2, it appeared that commuter car use was most strongly related to symbolic and affective motives, and not to instrumental motives. Third, individual differences in the relative importance of the three categories of motives were investigated. In both studies, most group differences were found in the evaluation of the symbolic and affective motives (and not the instrumental ones). Especially frequent drivers, respondents with a positive car attitude, male and younger respondents valued these non-instrumental motives for car use. These results suggest that policy makers should not exclusively focus on instrumental motives for car use, but they should consider the many social and affective motives as well.

1,064 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative efficacy of state sales tax waivers, income tax credits and non-tax incentives for hybrid-electric vehicle adoption in the United States has been studied and shown that the type of tax incentive offered is as important as the value of the tax incentive.
Abstract: Federal, state and local governments use a variety of incentives to induce consumer adoption of hybrid-electric vehicles. We study the relative efficacy of state sales tax waivers, income tax credits and non-tax incentives and find that the type of tax incentive offered is as important as the value of the tax incentive. Conditional on value, we find that sales tax waivers are associated a seven-fold greater increase in hybrid sales than income tax credits. In addition, we estimate the extent to which consumer adoption of hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV) in the United States from 2000-2006 can be attributed to government incentives, changing gasoline prices, or consumer preferences for environmental quality or energy security. After controlling for model specific state and time trends, we find that rising gasoline prices are associated with higher hybrid sales, although the effect operates entirely through sales of the hybrid models with the highest fuel economy. In total, we find that tax incentives, rising gasoline prices and social preferences are associated with 6, 27 and 36 percent of high economy hybrid sales from 2000-2006.

595 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore both the promise and the possible pitfalls of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) concept, focusing first on its definition and then on its technical state-of-the-art.

551 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a full year of high-resolution driving data from 484 instrumented gasoline vehicles in the US is used to analyze daily driving patterns, and from those infer the range requirements of electric vehicles (EVs).
Abstract: One full year of high-resolution driving data from 484 instrumented gasoline vehicles in the US is used to analyze daily driving patterns, and from those infer the range requirements of electric vehicles (EVs). We conservatively assume that EV drivers would not change their current gasoline-fueled driving patterns and that they would charge only once daily, typically at home overnight. Next, the market is segmented into those drivers for whom a limited-range vehicle would meet every day’s range need, and those who could meet their daily range need only if they make adaptations on some days. Adaptations, for example, could mean they have to either recharge during the day, borrow a liquid-fueled vehicle, or save some errands for the subsequent day. From this analysis, with the stated assumptions, we infer the potential market share for limited-range vehicles. For example, we find that 9% of the vehicles in the sample never exceeded 100 miles in one day, and 21% never exceeded 150 miles in one day. These drivers presumably could substitute a limited-range vehicle, like electric vehicles now on the market, for their current gasoline vehicle without any adaptation in their driving at all. For drivers who are willing to make adaptations on 2 days a year, the same 100 mile range EV would meet the needs of 17% of drivers, and if they are willing to adapt every other month (six times a year), it would work for 32% of drivers. Thus, it appears that even modest electric vehicles with today’s limited battery range, if marketed correctly to segments with appropriate driving behavior, comprise a large enough market for substantial vehicle sales. An additional analysis examines driving versus parking by time of day. On the average weekday at 5 pm, only 15% of the vehicles in the sample are on the road; at no time during the year are fewer than 75% of vehicles parked. Also, because the return trip home is widely spread in time, even if all cars plug in and begin charging immediately when they arrive home and park, the increased demand on the electric system is less problematic than prior analyses have suggested.

541 citations