Basic dimensions within the coronary-prone behavior pattern.
TL;DR: Independent factor analyses were performed on JAS responses from four large samples of employed men and concurred that the coronary-prone behavior pattern is actually composed of at least three major, conceptually independent behavioral syndromes: I. Hard Driving, II.
About: This article is published in Journal of Chronic Diseases.The article was published on 1970-05-01. It has received 164 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Jenkins activity survey.
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TL;DR: Coronary heart disease and mental ill health together, therefore, represent a serious cost for industry both in human and financial terms.
Abstract: Felton & Cole (1963) estimate that all cardiovascular diseases accounted for 12 per cent of the time lost by the ‘working population’ in the US, for a total economic loss of about $4 billion in a single year. A report (1969) by the Department of Health and Social Security in the UK shows, as Aldridge (1970) indicates, that the sum of incapacity for men suffering from mental, psychoneurotic and personality disorders, nervousness, debility and migraine headache accounted for 22·8 million work days lost in 1968 alone (second only to bronchitis in the league table of illness and lost working days). Coronary heart disease and mental ill health together, therefore, represent a serious cost for industry both in human and financial terms.
1,213 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the Allostatic Load model is used as an organizing framework for reviewing the vast literature that has considered health outcomes that are associated with exposure to psychosocial stressors at work.
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TL;DR: Factor analysis of the interview variables for a subsample of the WCGS resulted in five primary factors, but only two of these factors, labeled Competitive Drive and Impatience, were associated with subsequent occurrence of coronary disease.
455 citations
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TL;DR: A prospective study of 2750 employed men who completed a computer-scored test questionnaire measuring the coronary-prone Type A behavior pattern showed that high scorers had twice the incisive risk of heart attack as low scorers.
Abstract: Prospective study of 2750 employed men who completed a computer-scored test questionnaire measuring the coronary-prone Type A behavior pattern showed that high scorers had twice the incide...
396 citations
References
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TL;DR: Three groups of men, selected solely according to the behavior pattern which they habitually manifested in their work, were compared and found that this pattern per se was largely responsible for the striking differences found.
Abstract: Three groups of men, selected solely according to the behavior pattern which they habitually manifested in their work, were compared with respect to their serum cholesterol levels, clotting times, presence of clinical coronary disease, and presence of arcus senilis. A group (A) of 83 men were chosen as manifesting an intense, sustained drive for achievement and as being continually involved in competition and deadlines, both at work and in their avocations. In this group the serum cholesterol level, the frequency of arcus senilis, and the incidence of coronary artery disease were much higher than in a group (B) of 83 men who manifested the opposite sort of behavior pattern and a group (C) of 46 unemployed blind men selected as manifesting a chronic state of insecurity and anxiety. Clinical coronary artery disease was seven times more frequent in group A than in group B or group C. Analysis of factors other than the overt behavior pattern described indicated that this pattern per se was largely responsible for the striking differences found.
1,449 citations
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TL;DR: For example, this article found that the type A behavior pattern was strongly associated with the CHD incidence, and this association could not be explained by association of behavior pattern with any single predictive risk factor or with any combination of them.
Abstract: Clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) occurred in 257 subjects during eight to nine years of follow-up (average, 8 1/2 years) in a prospective study of 39- to 59-year-old employed men. Incidence of CHD was significantly associated with parental CHD history, reported diabetes, schooling, smoking habits, overt behavior pattern, blood pressure, and serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, and β-lipoproteins. The type A behavior pattern was strongly related to the CHD incidence, and this association could not be explained by association of behavior pattern with any single predictive risk factor or with any combination of them. ( JAMA 233:872-877, 1975)
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TL;DR: The profile of coronary-prone males through retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained data is defined and higher serum beta/alpha lipoprotein ratios and 80 of them had been adjudged in "blind" assessments to exhibit an overt behavior pattern previously found associated with occurrence of CHD in middle-aged men are defined.
Abstract: This study was designed to (1) compare "predictive" abilities of different parameters and their interrelationships in the future incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and (2) define the profile of coronary-prone males through retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained data. Comprehensive studies of overt behavior pattern, blood lipids and coagulation, body measurements, socioeconomic factors, individual habits, and cardiovascular status were obtained annually since 1960 in 3,524 men, aged 39 to 59 years. Manifest CHD was found in 113 of 3,411 "well" men, but this was unknown to the investigators at the time of the study. The men with CHD exhibited higher serum beta/alpha lipoprotein ratios and 80 of them had been adjudged in "blind" assessments to exhibit an overt behavior pattern (type A) previously found associated with occurrence of CHD in middle-aged men.
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TL;DR: The development of a self-administered, machine-scored psychological test to measure the coronary-prone behavior pattern and the present form of the test questionnaire distinguishes at high levels of statistical significance between groups of men clinically judged to manifest the coronary to coronary heart disease pattern and those groups judged not to manifests the pattern.
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390 citations