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Journal Article•DOI•

Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

Pamela Jordan
01 Jun 1994-Journal of Pediatric Nursing (Elsevier)-Vol. 9, Iss: 3, pp 205-206
TL;DR: Reading a book as this basics of qualitative research grounded theory procedures and techniques and other references can enrich your life quality.
About: This article is published in Journal of Pediatric Nursing.The article was published on 1994-06-01 and is currently open access. It has received 13415 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Grounded theory & Qualitative research.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
The Getting To Outcomes Demonstration and Evaluation: An Illustration of the Prevention Support System

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Matthew Chinman1, Sarah B. Hunter1, Patricia A. Ebener1, Susan M. Paddock1, Lindsey Stillman2, Pamela Imm2, Abraham Wandersman2 •
RAND Corporation1, University of South Carolina2
16 Feb 2008-American Journal of Community Psychology
TL;DR: The evaluation of GTO suggests that it can build individual capacity and program performance and as such demonstrates that the Prevention Support System can successfully fulfill its intended role.
Abstract: Communities are increasingly being required by state and federal funders to achieve outcomes and be accountable, yet are often not provided the guidance or the tools needed to successfully meet this challenge. To improve the likelihood of achieving positive outcomes, the Getting To Outcomes (GTO) intervention (manual, training, technical assistance) is designed to provide the necessary guidance and tools, tailored to community needs, in order to build individual capacity and program performance. GTO is an example of a Prevention Support System intervention, which as conceptualized by the Interactive Systems Framework, plays a key role in bridging the gap between prevention science (Prevention Synthesis and Translation System) and prevention practice (Prevention Delivery System). We evaluated the impact of GTO on individual capacity and program performance using survey- and interview-based methods. We tracked the implementation of GTO and gathered user feedback about its utility and acceptability. The evaluation of GTO suggests that it can build individual capacity and program performance and as such demonstrates that the Prevention Support System can successfully fulfill its intended role. Lessons learned from the implementation of GTO relevant to illuminating the framework are discussed.

138 citations

Cites background or methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...The summaries were developed by beginning with the interview protocol to establish the general categories of themes (e.g., how the GTO model helped) while allowing additional themes to emerge consistent with grounded theory (Glaser and Strauss 1967; Strauss and Corbin 1990)....

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  • ..., how the GTO model helped) while allowing additional themes to emerge consistent with grounded theory (Glaser and Strauss 1967; Strauss and Corbin 1990)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
The Changing Nature of Interpersonal Relationships in a Women's Prison:

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Kimberly R. Greer1•
Minnesota State University, Mankato1
01 Dec 2000-The Prison Journal
TL;DR: This paper found that incarcerated women create more stable interpersonal relationships with other women in prison than men in the general population, compared to women outside of the prison environment, while men and women experience diametrically opposed subcultures.
Abstract: It is generally assumed that the subcultures experienced by men and women in prison are diametrically opposed. Previous research indicates that incarcerated women create more stable interpersonal r...

138 citations

Cites methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...Following transcription of the interviews, the data were then read and analyzed by performing content analysis (see Bogdan & Biklen, 1992; Lofland & Lofland, 1995; Maxwell, 1996; Miles & Huberman, 1994; Patton, 1990; Strauss, 1987; Strauss & Corbin, 1990)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Decisions to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by male cancer patients: information-seeking roles and types of evidence used

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Maggie Evans1, Alison Shaw1, Elizabeth Thompson, Stephen Falk, Pat Turton2, Trevor Thompson1, Deborah Sharp1 •
University of Bristol1, University of the West of England2
04 Aug 2007-BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
TL;DR: Men in this study became either 'pro-active seekers' or 'passive recipients' of CAM information from health professionals, and valued the support and guidance of 'trusted individuals' in making choices about CAM.
Abstract: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is increasingly popular with cancer patients and yet information provision or discussion about CAM by health professionals remains low. Previous research suggests that patients may fear clinicians' 'disapproval' if they raise the subject of CAM, and turn to other sources to acquire information about CAM. However, little empirical research has been conducted into how cancer patients acquire, and, more importantly evaluate CAM information before deciding which CAM therapies to try. Qualitative study, comprising semi-structured interviews with 43 male cancer patients of varying ages, cancer type and stage of illness, 34 of whom had used CAM. They were recruited from a range of NHS and non-NHS settings in Bristol, England. As a result of the lack of CAM information from health professionals, men in this study became either 'pro-active seekers' or 'passive recipients' of such information. Their main information resource was the 'lay referral' network of family, friends and acquaintances, especially females. 'Traditional' information sources, including books, magazines, leaflets and the media were popular, more so in fact than the internet. Views on the internet ranged from enthusiasm or healthy scepticism through to caution or disinterest. CAM information was generally regarded as 'empowering' as it broadened treatment and self-care options. A minority of participants were information averse fearing additional choices that might disrupt their fragile ability to cope. There was general consensus that CAM information should be available via the NHS, to give it a 'stamp of approval', which combined with guidance from informed health professionals, could help patients to make 'guided' choices. However, a small minority of these men valued the independence of CAM from the NHS and deliberately sought 'alternative' information sources and treatment options. Men were selective in identifying particular therapies to use and sceptical about others, basing their choices on forms of 'evidence' that were personally meaningful: personal stories of individuals who had been helped by CAM; the long history and enduring popularity of some therapies; the plausibility of the mechanism of action; a belief or trust in individual therapies or their providers; scientific evidence. Scientific evidence ranked low in the men's personal decision-making about CAM, while it was recognised as important for NHS support for CAM. These male cancer patients valued the support and guidance of 'trusted individuals' in making choices about CAM. Trusted health professionals could also play a significant role in helping patients to make informed choices. Any such dialogue must, however, acknowledge the different standards of evidence used by patients and clinicians to evaluate the benefits or otherwise of CAM therapies. Such open communication could help to foster an environment of mutual trust where patients are encouraged to discuss their interest in CAM, rather than perpetuate covert, undisclosed use of CAM with its attendant potential hazards.

138 citations

Cites methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...Interviews were recorded and fully transcribed and the data were analysed thematically, drawing on the principles of constant comparison [15]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Emerging market multinational companies’ evolutionary paths to building a competitive advantage from emerging markets to developed countries

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Masaaki Kotabe1, Tanvi Kothari2•
Temple University1, San Jose State University2
01 Sep 2016-Journal of World Business
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conduct a historical longitudinal analysis of sixteen companies originating from key emerging markets viz. India and China and find that the evolutionary paths to building competitive advantage from their home market to the developed countries is, on one hand, based on the EMNCs' ability to acquire resources and absorb them to build their own advantage.

138 citations

Cites methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...We use ‘Crawdad Desktop’, a computer software program based on the grounded theory techniques of Strauss and Corbin (1990).1 Although CRA’s holistic approach differs from the reductionist approach of traditional content analysis, measures of its validity and reliability are sound....

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Journal Article•DOI•
The student experience of a collaborative e-learning university module

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Michele Biasutti1•
University of Padua1
01 Nov 2011-Computer Education
TL;DR: A distance learning module on music education worth five credit points for a bachelor online degree for primary school educating teachers was assessed using a self-evaluation questionnaire that gathered quantitative and qualitative data about student satisfaction of the collaborative e-learning activity.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present a picture of student experience of a collaborative e-learning module in an asynchronous e-learning environment. A distance learning module on music education worth five credit points for a bachelor online degree for primary school educating teachers was assessed using a self-evaluation questionnaire that gathered quantitative and qualitative data about student satisfaction of the collaborative e-learning activity. The quantitative part of the questionnaire consisted of 27 closed questions on a 10-point Likert scale and offered data about satisfaction with the module. The qualitative part of the questionnaire provided an insight into the participant perspective of the online collaborative experience. General open questions on satisfaction and dissatisfaction were analyzed with an inductive analysis which showed the evaluation criteria used by 92 students. Results of the analysis showed five themes of the participants' perspectives, which were interpreted by the researcher as: teamwork, cognitive, operating, organizing, and emotive/ethic for the positive aspects and teamwork, operating, organizing, and emotive/ethic for the aspects to be improved. The aspects that were associated with satisfaction include: collaborating, comparing ideas, sharing knowledge and skills to support each other, peer learning, analyzing and integrating different points of view, the usability of the platform, group planning and workload management. Aspects of the student learning experience that should inform the improvements of e-learning include: more collaboration between students since some students engage differently; more coordination and organization, the workload management in the group activities, some technical problems such as updating modifications. The participants' results in the module increased their didactic potential as primary school teachers. The findings are discussed in relation to their potential impact on developing collaborative activities addressed to teacher education in distance learning. Implications for future research are also considered.

138 citations

Cites methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...Other research reported organizational problems and ambivalence regarding the potential of the wiki (Wheeler et al., 2008). Also, the operating themewas relevant (28% of the answers) and aspects such as “updating modifications”; “too sophisticated software”; were addressed. One participant suggested to use more techniques: “It would be interesting, but I do not know if it is technically possible, to support the wiki methodology with a synchronous communication tool, such as chat.”. These findings support research by Wheeler et al. (2008), who reported some problems in using the software during the collaborative e-learning activities....

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  • ...Other research reported organizational problems and ambivalence regarding the potential of the wiki (Wheeler et al., 2008). Also, the operating themewas relevant (28% of the answers) and aspects such as “updating modifications”; “too sophisticated software”; were addressed. One participant suggested to use more techniques: “It would be interesting, but I do not know if it is technically possible, to support the wiki methodology with a synchronous communication tool, such as chat.”. These findings support research by Wheeler et al. (2008), who reported some problems in using the software during the collaborative e-learning activities. The teamwork theme represented about 22% of the answers of the participants, addressing mainly more cohesion, collaboration and discussionwithin the group. The issue of the group constitution and cohesionwas mentioned by a participant: “in itself, to work onlinewith wiki is not complex and it’s so exciting, but it involves a feeling among the members of the group which is not so simple to build. Initially, you spend time “to get to knoweach other” and to break the ice, as we say. Then, during the fully blown activity, it can happen that proposals are made which are not understood by some of the members (it happened also to me). Sometimes I was afraid to intervene in the work of others in a too invasive way [.]”. This statement demonstrated that collaborative online learning works if you are able to create the group. These findings are coherent with Dewiyanti et al. (2007) who showed that group cohesion influences student satisfactionwith collaborative learning....

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  • ...An inductive method based on the “constant comparative method” (Strauss & Corbin, 1998) was employed to analyze and to categorize the two open questions....

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References
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Journal Article•
Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory

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Nancy Hoffart
01 Apr 2000-Nephrology Nursing Journal
TL;DR: (PDF) Thematic Analysis in Qualitative research | Anindita (PDF) Qualitative Research ProcessBasics of QualitativeResearch | SAGE Publications IncQualitative Research Method Summary JMEST
Abstract: (PDF) Thematic Analysis in Qualitative Research | Anindita (PDF) Qualitative Research ProcessBasics of Qualitative Research | SAGE Publications IncQualitative Research Method Summary JMESTMarket Research: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research Research Design: Definition, Characteristics and Types Research Methodologies: Quantitative, Qualitative & Mixed Trustworthiness | Educational Research Basics by Del SiegleUser Research Basics | Usability.govQualitative Research – Research Methods in Psychology 10.2 Sampling in qualitative research – Scientific Inquiry What are the Different Types of Research Techniques?What is dependability in qualitative research and how do Qualitative Research Part II: Participants, Analysis, and Qualitative Research Paradigm | Educational Research Qualitative research Wikipedia12+ Qualitative Research Examples in PDF | DOC | Examples(PDF) A Brief Introduction to Qualitative ResearchSampling in Qualitative ResearchMarket research methods | Business QueenslandSampling Techniques and Procedures Designing Surveys for [PDF] Basics of Qualitative Research (3rd ed.): Techniques Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures 6 Types of Qualitative Research Methods: A Quick GuideSuccessful Qualitative Research | SAGE Publications LtdEvaluation of qualitative research studies | Evidence Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research Methodology & Design

16,622 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research

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Nahid Golafshani1•
University of Toronto1
23 Jan 2015-The Qualitative Report
TL;DR: The use of reliability and validity are common in quantitative research and now it is reconsidered in the qualitative research paradigm as discussed by the authors, which can also illuminate some ways to test or maximize the validity and reliability of a qualitative study.
Abstract: The use of reliability and validity are common in quantitative research and now it is reconsidered in the qualitative research paradigm. Since reliability and validity are rooted in positivist perspective then they should be redefined for their use in a naturalistic approach. Like reliability and validity as used in quantitative research are providing springboard to examine what these two terms mean in the qualitative research paradigm, triangulation as used in quantitative research to test the reliability and validity can also illuminate some ways to test or maximize the validity and reliability of a qualitative study. Therefore, reliability, validity and triangulation, if they are relevant research concepts, particularly from a qualitative point of view, have to be redefined in order to reflect the multiple ways of establishing truth. Key words: Reliability, Validity, Triangulation, Construct, Qualitative, and Quantitative This article discusses the use of reliability and validity in the qualitative research paradigm. First, the meanings of quantitative and qualitative research are discussed. Secondly, reliability and validity as used in quantitative research are discussed as a way of providing a springboard to examining what these two terms mean and how they can be tested in the qualitative research paradigm. This paper concludes by drawing upon the use of triangulation in the two paradigms (quantitative and qualitative) to show how the changes have influenced our understanding of reliability, validity and triangulation in qualitative studies.

6,438 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Techniques to Identify Themes

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Gery W. Ryan1, H. Russell Bernard2•
RAND Corporation1, University of Florida2
01 Feb 2003-Field Methods
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a variety of techniques for theme discovery in qualitative research, ranging from quick word counts to laborious, in-depth, line-by-line scrutiny.
Abstract: Theme identification is one of the most fundamental tasks in qualitative research. It also is one of the most mysterious. Explicit descriptions of theme discovery are rarely found in articles and reports, and when they are, they are often relegated to appendices or footnotes. Techniques are shared among small groups of social scientists, but sharing is impeded by disciplinary or epistemological boundaries. The techniques described here are drawn from across epistemological and disciplinary boundaries. They include both observational and manipulative techniques and range from quick word counts to laborious, in-depth, line-by-line scrutiny. Techniques are compared on six dimensions: (1) appropriateness for data types, (2) required labor, (3) required expertise, (4) stage of analysis, (5) number and types of themes to be generated, and (6) issues of reliability and validity.

4,921 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Case research in operations management

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Christopher A. Voss1, Nikos Tsikriktsis1, Mark Frohlich1•
London Business School1
01 Feb 2002-International Journal of Operations & Production Management
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of case study research in operations management for theory development and testing is reviewed and guidelines and a roadmap for operations management researchers wishing to design, develop and conduct case-based research are provided.
Abstract: This paper reviews the use of case study research in operations management for theory development and testing. It draws on the literature on case research in a number of disciplines and uses examples drawn from operations management research. It provides guidelines and a roadmap for operations management researchers wishing to design, develop and conduct case‐based research.

4,127 citations

Data Management and Analysis Methods

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Gery W. Ryan, H. Russell Bernard
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In fact, most of the archaeologically recoverable information about human thought and human behavior is text, the good stuff of social science as mentioned in this paper, which is what we use in this paper.
Abstract: This chapter is about methods for managing and analyzing qualitative data. By qualitative data the authors mean text: newspapers, movies, sitcoms, e-mail traffic, folktales, life histories. They also mean narratives--narratives about getting divorced, about being sick, about surviving hand-to-hand combat, about selling sex, about trying to quit smoking. In fact, most of the archaeologically recoverable information about human thought and human behavior is text, the good stuff of social science.

3,671 citations

Related Papers (5)
Basics of qualitative research

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01 Jan 1990
Anselm L. Strauss
Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, 3rd ed.

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Basics of qualitative research : grounded theory procedures and techniques

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01 Jan 1992-Contemporary Sociology
Anselm L. Strauss, Juliet Corbin
Clarifying Analysis and Interpretation in Grounded Theory: Using a Conditional Relationship Guide and Reflective Coding Matrix

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Qualitative Methodology and Grounded Theory in Property Research

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