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Journal ArticleDOI

Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

01 Jun 1994-Journal of Pediatric Nursing (Elsevier)-Vol. 9, Iss: 3, pp 205-206
TL;DR: Reading a book as this basics of qualitative research grounded theory procedures and techniques and other references can enrich your life quality.
About: This article is published in Journal of Pediatric Nursing.The article was published on 1994-06-01 and is currently open access. It has received 13415 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Grounded theory & Qualitative research.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To build confidence of health workers in the face of negative RDT results, a supporting package should include local preparation for the innovation; unambiguous guidelines; training in alternative causes of disease; regular support for health workers to meet as communities of practice.
Abstract: Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria are at the early stages of introduction across malaria endemic countries. This is central to efforts to decrease malaria overdiagnosis and the consequent overuse of valuable anti-malarials and underdiagnosis of alternative causes of fever. Evidence of the effect of introducing RDTs on the overprescription of anti-malarials is mixed. A recent trial in rural health facilities in Ghana reduced overprescription of anti-malarials, but found that 45.5% patients who tested negative with RDTs were still prescribed an anti-malarial. Methods: A qualitative study of this trial was conducted, using in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of health workers involved in the trial, ranging from those who continued to prescribe anti-malarials to most patients with negative RDT results to those who largely restricted anti-malarials to patients with positive RDT results. Interviews explored the experiences of using RDTs and their results amongst trial participants. Results: Meanings of RDTs were constructed by health workers through participation with the tests themselves as well as through interactions with colleagues, patients and the research team. These different modes of participation with the tests and their results led to a change in practice for some health workers, and reinforced existing practice for others. Many of the characteristics of RDTs were found to be inherently conducive to change, but the limited support from purveyors, lack of system antecedents for change and limited system readiness for change were apparent in the analysis. Conclusions: When introduced with a limited supporting package, RDTs were variously interpreted and used, reflecting how health workers had learnt how to use RDT results through participation. To build confidence of health workers in the face of negative RDT results, a supporting package should include local preparation for the innovation; unambiguous guidelines; training in alternative causes of disease; regular support for health workers to meet as communities of practice; interventions that address negotiation of health worker-patient relationships and encourage self-reflection of practice; feedback systems for results of quality control of RDTs; feedback systems of the results of their practice with RDTs; and RDT augmentation such as a technical and/or clinical troubleshooting resource.

101 citations


Cites methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...Following principles of grounded theory [21], CC conducted line-by-line coding of ideas occurring in participant responses using the NVivo qualitative data analysis package (QSR International)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
22 May 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a conceptual framework of memorable food experience (MFE), which is comprised of a number of key components: local specialities and food attributes (taste), authenticity, novelty, togetherness and social interaction, hospitality, and servicescape including food souvenirs.
Abstract: The present study was undertaken with the purpose of understanding what makes a memorable food experience (MFE) for tourists. Twenty-two interviews were carried out with a sample of tourists who visited Rovaniemi, Finland. Using grounded theory as a data analytic approach, this paper proposes a conceptual framework of MFE, which is comprised of a number of key components: local specialities and food attributes (taste), authenticity, novelty, togetherness and social interaction, hospitality, and servicescape including food souvenirs. The implications for managers are that service providers should offer local specialities; give tasty, novel and authentic food experiences; encourage social interactions between tourists and the service provider; offer warm and welcoming hospitality; focus on the servicescape; and serve food (including food souvenirs) on wooden plates and in wooden cups.

101 citations


Cites methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...As recommended by Strauss and Corbin (1990), three types of coding were employed: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding....

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  • ...A grounded theory approach is defined as a qualitative research method that uses a systematic set of processes to develop an inductively derived theory about a phenomenon (Strauss & Corbin, 1990)....

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  • ...When analysing the interview data, the three steps for a grounded theory approach suggested by Strauss and Corbin (1990) were adopted....

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Journal ArticleDOI
Michael K. Herndon1
TL;DR: In this article, a qualitative study of 13 African-American college males enrolled at a predominantly white institution (PWI) was investigated, and three major themes emerged: spirituality bolste...
Abstract: In this qualitative study, spirituality among 13 African-American college males enrolled at a predominantly White institution (PWI) was investigated. Three major themes emerged: spirituality bolste...

100 citations


Cites background or methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...Using this approach, the researcher allows the data to generate theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1990)....

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  • ...The grounded theory method is a qualitative research technique that is widely used (Strauss & Corbin, 1990) and allows for data collection and analysis to occur simultaneously....

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  • ...Axial coding involves the process of sorting themes into groupings and categories while analyzing the meanings and interrelationships among categories (Strauss & Corbin, 1990)....

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01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors contribute to the measurement of individual innovation by developing and empirically validating a multi-dimensional measure of innovative work behaviour, and investigate the impact of leadership on individual innovation.
Abstract: This study contributes to the literature on individual innovation in two respects. First, this study contributes to the measurement of individual innovation by developing and empirically validating a multi-dimensional measure of innovative work behaviour. Second and most important, the study aims to improve our understanding of the antecedents of individual innovation by investigating the impact of leadership.

100 citations


Cites background or methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...As recommended by Strauss and Corbin (1990), current literature served as background material in our analysis of interview data. We used Yukl’s (2002) taxonomy of managerial practices as a first classification of leader behaviors (see annex C)....

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  • ...As recommended by Strauss and Corbin (1990), current literature served as background material in our analysis of interview data....

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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2004-Dementia
TL;DR: The Meuser-Marwit Caregiver Grief Inventory (MM-CGI; Marwit & Meuser, 2002) was used to assess the selfreported losses, grief reactions, and depressive symptoms experienced by caregivers in the early, middle, and late stages of dementia as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The self-reported losses, grief reactions, and depressive symptoms experienced by caregivers in the early, middle, and late stages of dementia were assessed using open-ended descriptive questions and scaled measures including the Meuser-Marwit Caregiver Grief Inventory (MM-CGI; Marwit & Meuser, 2002). Ninety-nine caregivers associated with an urban Alzheimer’s Association chapter were surveyed by post. While there were moderate levels of grief and depression reported across the entire sample, those caring for individuals in the late stage of dementia reported significantly more symptoms of grief and depression than those in the early or middle stages. Responses to open-ended questions regarding losses and grief also differed across the groups in the three disease stages. The late-stage group’s comments most resembled bereavement, in keeping with the higher grief and depression scores among members of this group. Findings suggest there are different emotional tasks faced by caregivers as the dementia progr...

100 citations


Cites methods from "Basics of qualitative research: Gro..."

  • ...The responses to these two questions were analyzed using open coding and comparisons to identify themes within the stage of disease groups (Strauss & Corbin, 1990.)...

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References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: (PDF) Thematic Analysis in Qualitative research | Anindita (PDF) Qualitative Research ProcessBasics of QualitativeResearch | SAGE Publications IncQualitative Research Method Summary JMEST
Abstract: (PDF) Thematic Analysis in Qualitative Research | Anindita (PDF) Qualitative Research ProcessBasics of Qualitative Research | SAGE Publications IncQualitative Research Method Summary JMESTMarket Research: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research Research Design: Definition, Characteristics and Types Research Methodologies: Quantitative, Qualitative & Mixed Trustworthiness | Educational Research Basics by Del SiegleUser Research Basics | Usability.govQualitative Research – Research Methods in Psychology 10.2 Sampling in qualitative research – Scientific Inquiry What are the Different Types of Research Techniques?What is dependability in qualitative research and how do Qualitative Research Part II: Participants, Analysis, and Qualitative Research Paradigm | Educational Research Qualitative research Wikipedia12+ Qualitative Research Examples in PDF | DOC | Examples(PDF) A Brief Introduction to Qualitative ResearchSampling in Qualitative ResearchMarket research methods | Business QueenslandSampling Techniques and Procedures Designing Surveys for [PDF] Basics of Qualitative Research (3rd ed.): Techniques Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures 6 Types of Qualitative Research Methods: A Quick GuideSuccessful Qualitative Research | SAGE Publications LtdEvaluation of qualitative research studies | Evidence Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research Methodology & Design

16,622 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of reliability and validity are common in quantitative research and now it is reconsidered in the qualitative research paradigm as discussed by the authors, which can also illuminate some ways to test or maximize the validity and reliability of a qualitative study.
Abstract: The use of reliability and validity are common in quantitative research and now it is reconsidered in the qualitative research paradigm. Since reliability and validity are rooted in positivist perspective then they should be redefined for their use in a naturalistic approach. Like reliability and validity as used in quantitative research are providing springboard to examine what these two terms mean in the qualitative research paradigm, triangulation as used in quantitative research to test the reliability and validity can also illuminate some ways to test or maximize the validity and reliability of a qualitative study. Therefore, reliability, validity and triangulation, if they are relevant research concepts, particularly from a qualitative point of view, have to be redefined in order to reflect the multiple ways of establishing truth. Key words: Reliability, Validity, Triangulation, Construct, Qualitative, and Quantitative This article discusses the use of reliability and validity in the qualitative research paradigm. First, the meanings of quantitative and qualitative research are discussed. Secondly, reliability and validity as used in quantitative research are discussed as a way of providing a springboard to examining what these two terms mean and how they can be tested in the qualitative research paradigm. This paper concludes by drawing upon the use of triangulation in the two paradigms (quantitative and qualitative) to show how the changes have influenced our understanding of reliability, validity and triangulation in qualitative studies.

6,438 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a variety of techniques for theme discovery in qualitative research, ranging from quick word counts to laborious, in-depth, line-by-line scrutiny.
Abstract: Theme identification is one of the most fundamental tasks in qualitative research. It also is one of the most mysterious. Explicit descriptions of theme discovery are rarely found in articles and reports, and when they are, they are often relegated to appendices or footnotes. Techniques are shared among small groups of social scientists, but sharing is impeded by disciplinary or epistemological boundaries. The techniques described here are drawn from across epistemological and disciplinary boundaries. They include both observational and manipulative techniques and range from quick word counts to laborious, in-depth, line-by-line scrutiny. Techniques are compared on six dimensions: (1) appropriateness for data types, (2) required labor, (3) required expertise, (4) stage of analysis, (5) number and types of themes to be generated, and (6) issues of reliability and validity.

4,921 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of case study research in operations management for theory development and testing is reviewed and guidelines and a roadmap for operations management researchers wishing to design, develop and conduct case-based research are provided.
Abstract: This paper reviews the use of case study research in operations management for theory development and testing. It draws on the literature on case research in a number of disciplines and uses examples drawn from operations management research. It provides guidelines and a roadmap for operations management researchers wishing to design, develop and conduct case‐based research.

4,127 citations

01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In fact, most of the archaeologically recoverable information about human thought and human behavior is text, the good stuff of social science as mentioned in this paper, which is what we use in this paper.
Abstract: This chapter is about methods for managing and analyzing qualitative data. By qualitative data the authors mean text: newspapers, movies, sitcoms, e-mail traffic, folktales, life histories. They also mean narratives--narratives about getting divorced, about being sick, about surviving hand-to-hand combat, about selling sex, about trying to quit smoking. In fact, most of the archaeologically recoverable information about human thought and human behavior is text, the good stuff of social science.

3,671 citations