Basophils and allergic inflammation
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TLDR
Recent studies that have identified previously unappreciated molecules and pathways that regulate basophil development, activation, and function in the context of allergic inflammation are discussed.Abstract:
Basophils were discovered by Paul Ehrlich in 1879 and represent the least abundant granulocyte population in mammals. The relative rarity of basophils and their phenotypic similarities with mast cells resulted in this cell lineage being historically overlooked, both clinically and experimentally. However, recent studies in human subjects and murine systems have shown that basophils perform nonredundant effector functions and significantly contribute to the development and progression of T H 2 cytokine–mediated inflammation. Although the potential functions of murine and human basophils have provoked some controversy, recent genetic approaches indicate that basophils can migrate into lymphoid tissues and, in some circumstances, cooperate with other immune cells to promote optimal T H 2 cytokine responses in vivo . This article provides a brief historical perspective on basophil-related research and discusses recent studies that have identified previously unappreciated molecules and pathways that regulate basophil development, activation, and function in the context of allergic inflammation. Furthermore, we highlight the unique effector functions of basophils and discuss their contributions to the development and pathogenesis of allergic inflammation in human disease. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting basophils in preventing or alleviating the development and progression of allergic inflammation.read more
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Interleukins (from IL-1 to IL-38), interferons, transforming growth factor β, and TNF-α: Receptors, functions, and roles in diseases
Mübeccel Akdis,Alar Aab,Can Altunbulakli,Kursat A Azkur,Rita Costa,Reto Crameri,Su Duan,Thomas Eiwegger,Andrzej Eljaszewicz,Ruth Ferstl,Remo Frei,Mattia Garbani,Anna Głobińska,Lena Hess,Carly Huitema,Terufumi Kubo,Zsolt István Komlósi,Patricia Konieczna,Nóra Kovács,Umut Can Kucuksezer,Norbert Meyer,Hideaki Morita,Judith Olzhausen,Liam O'Mahony,Marija Pezer,Moira Prati,Ana Rebane,Claudio Rhyner,Arturo Rinaldi,Milena Sokolowska,Barbara Stanic,Kazunari Sugita,Angela Treis,Willem van de Veen,Kerstin Wanke,Marcin Wawrzyniak,Paulina Wawrzyniak,Oliver F. Wirz,Josefina Zakzuk,Cezmi A. Akdis +39 more
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Type 2 immunity in the skin and lungs.
Cezmi A. Akdis,Peter D. Arkwright,Marie-Charlotte Brüggen,William W. Busse,Massimo Gadina,Emma Guttman-Yassky,Emma Guttman-Yassky,Kenji Kabashima,Kenji Kabashima,Yasutaka Mitamura,Laura Vian,Jianni Wu,Jianni Wu,Oscar Palomares +13 more
TL;DR: The present review aims to highlight recent advances in type 2 immunity and discuss the cellular sources, targets, and roles of type 2 mechanisms in asthma and AD.
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Basophils Promote Innate Lymphoid Cell Responses in Inflamed Skin
Brian S. Kim,Kelvin Wang,Mark C. Siracusa,Steven A. Saenz,Jonathan R. Brestoff,Laurel A. Monticelli,Mario Noti,Elia D. Tait Wojno,Thomas C. Fung,Masato Kubo,David Artis +10 more
TL;DR: It is identified that basophils and ILC2s significantly accumulate in inflamed human and murine skin and form clusters not observed in control skin, and a previously unrecognized role for basophil-derived IL-4 in promoting I LC2 responses during cutaneous inflammation is revealed.
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Innate and adaptive type 2 immunity in lung allergic inflammation.
TL;DR: The role of Th2 cytokines (IL‐4 and IL‐13) and innate immune cells (mast cells, basophils, ILC2s, and dendritic cells) in the cross‐talk between innate and adaptive inflammatory responses is discussed.
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The role of airway epithelial cells and innate immune cells in chronic respiratory disease
TL;DR: The innate immune mechanisms by which airway epithelial cells and innate immune cells regulate the development of chronic respiratory diseases are summarized and how these pathways are being targeted in the clinic to treat patients with these diseases are explained.
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